Fournier gangrene risk factors: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Common risk factors in the development of Fournier gangrene include: <ref name="pmid2294630">{{cite journal| author=Clayton MD, Fowler JE, Sharifi R, Pearl RK| title=Causes, presentation and survival of fifty-seven patients with necrotizing fasciitis of the male genitalia. | journal=Surg Gynecol Obstet | year= 1990 | volume= 170 | issue= 1 | pages= 49-55 | pmid=2294630 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2294630  }} </ref><ref name="pmid12516849">{{cite journal| author=Morpurgo E, Galandiuk S| title=Fournier's gangrene. | journal=Surg Clin North Am | year= 2002 | volume= 82 | issue= 6 | pages= 1213-24 | pmid=12516849 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12516849  }} </ref><ref name="pmid10584624">{{cite journal| author=Vick R, Carson CC| title=Fournier's disease. | journal=Urol Clin North Am | year= 1999 | volume= 26 | issue= 4 | pages= 841-9 | pmid=10584624 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10584624  }} </ref> Age >50 years, male gender, [[diabetes mellitus]], alcohol misuse, [[immunosupression]], [[chemotherapy]], chronic [[corticosteroid]] use, [[HIV]], [[leukemia]], [[liver disease]], debilitating illness, [[malignancy]], [[cytotoxic drugs]].
==Risk Factors==
==Risk Factors==
Common risk factors in the development of Fournier gangrene are:<ref name="pmid2294630">{{cite journal| author=Clayton MD, Fowler JE, Sharifi R, Pearl RK| title=Causes, presentation and survival of fifty-seven patients with necrotizing fasciitis of the male genitalia. | journal=Surg Gynecol Obstet | year= 1990 | volume= 170 | issue= 1 | pages= 49-55 | pmid=2294630 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2294630  }} </ref><ref name="pmid12516849">{{cite journal| author=Morpurgo E, Galandiuk S| title=Fournier's gangrene. | journal=Surg Clin North Am | year= 2002 | volume= 82 | issue= 6 | pages= 1213-24 | pmid=12516849 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12516849  }} </ref><ref name="pmid10584624">{{cite journal| author=Vick R, Carson CC| title=Fournier's disease. | journal=Urol Clin North Am | year= 1999 | volume= 26 | issue= 4 | pages= 841-9 | pmid=10584624 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10584624  }} </ref>
Common risk factors in the development of Fournier gangrene are:<ref name="pmid2294630">{{cite journal| author=Clayton MD, Fowler JE, Sharifi R, Pearl RK| title=Causes, presentation and survival of fifty-seven patients with necrotizing fasciitis of the male genitalia. | journal=Surg Gynecol Obstet | year= 1990 | volume= 170 | issue= 1 | pages= 49-55 | pmid=2294630 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2294630  }} </ref><ref name="pmid12516849">{{cite journal| author=Morpurgo E, Galandiuk S| title=Fournier's gangrene. | journal=Surg Clin North Am | year= 2002 | volume= 82 | issue= 6 | pages= 1213-24 | pmid=12516849 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12516849  }} </ref><ref name="pmid10584624">{{cite journal| author=Vick R, Carson CC| title=Fournier's disease. | journal=Urol Clin North Am | year= 1999 | volume= 26 | issue= 4 | pages= 841-9 | pmid=10584624 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10584624  }} </ref>
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:*[[Malignancy]]
:*[[Malignancy]]
:*[[Cytotoxic drugs]]
:*[[Cytotoxic drugs]]
The most common foci of Fournier gangrene include:<ref name="pmid10848848">{{cite journal| author=Eke N| title=Fournier's gangrene: a review of 1726 cases. | journal=Br J Surg | year= 2000 | volume= 87 | issue= 6 | pages= 718-28 | pmid=10848848 | doi=10.1046/j.1365-2168.2000.01497.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10848848  }} </ref><ref name="pmid7950832">{{cite journal| author=Amendola MA, Casillas J, Joseph R, Antun R, Galindez O| title=Fournier's gangrene: CT findings. | journal=Abdom Imaging | year= 1994 | volume= 19 | issue= 5 | pages= 471-4 | pmid=7950832 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7950832  }} </ref>
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center
|+
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 400px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Anorectal}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 400px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Genitourinary}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 400px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Dermatology}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 400px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Gynaecological}}
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Trauma<br>
*[[Enemas|Steroid enemas]] for [[colitis|radiation proctitis]]<br>
*[[Hemorrhoidectomy]]<br>
*[[Anal fissure|Anal fissures excision]]<br>
*[[Diverticulitis]]<br>
*[[Colon|Colonic perforations]]<br>
*[[Ischiorectal fossa|Ischiorectal]], [[perirectal]], or [[perianal abscesses]]<br>
*[[Appendicitis]]<br>
*[[Enemas|Steroid enemas]] for [[Colitis|radiation proctitis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Trauma<br>
*[[Cancer]] invasion to external genitalia<br>
*[[Hemipelvectomy]]<br>
*[[Epididymitis]] or [[orchitis]]<br>
*[[Penile implant|Penile artificial implant]] or a foreign body<br>
*[[Hydrocele]] aspiration<br>
*Genital piercing<br>
*[[Cavernous sinus|Intracavernosal]] cocaine<br>
*[[Urethral catheterization]] or instrumentation<br>
*[[Penile prosthesis|Penile implants]] insertion<br>[[Biopsy|Prostatic biopsy]]<br>
*[[Vasectomy]]<br>
*Urethral strictures with urinary extravasation
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Blunt [[perineal]] trauma<br>
*[[Intramuscular injection|Intramuscular injections]]<br>
*Genital piercings<br>
*[[Furuncle|Scrotal furuncle]]<br>
*Perineal or pelvic surgery/inguinal [[herniorrhaphy]]<br>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Episiotomy]] wound<br>
*Infected [[bartholin's gland]]<br>
*[[Abortion|Septic abortion]]<br>
*Genital mutilation<br>
*Coital injury
|}


'''Neonates and Children'''
*Trauma<ref name="pmid7950832">{{cite journal| author=Amendola MA, Casillas J, Joseph R, Antun R, Galindez O| title=Fournier's gangrene: CT findings. | journal=Abdom Imaging | year= 1994 | volume= 19 | issue= 5 | pages= 471-4 | pmid=7950832 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7950832  }} </ref>
*Burns
*Insect bites
*Circumcision
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Category:Emergency mdicine]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Surgery]]
[[Category:Orthopedics]]
[[Category:Dermatology]]

Latest revision as of 21:47, 29 July 2020

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Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D.; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yamuna Kondapally, M.B.B.S[1]; Jesus Rosario Hernandez, M.D. [2]

Overview

Common risk factors in the development of Fournier gangrene include: [1][2][3] Age >50 years, male gender, diabetes mellitus, alcohol misuse, immunosupression, chemotherapy, chronic corticosteroid use, HIV, leukemia, liver disease, debilitating illness, malignancy, cytotoxic drugs.

Risk Factors

Common risk factors in the development of Fournier gangrene are:[1][2][3]

  • Comorbid systemic disorders

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Clayton MD, Fowler JE, Sharifi R, Pearl RK (1990). "Causes, presentation and survival of fifty-seven patients with necrotizing fasciitis of the male genitalia". Surg Gynecol Obstet. 170 (1): 49–55. PMID 2294630.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Morpurgo E, Galandiuk S (2002). "Fournier's gangrene". Surg Clin North Am. 82 (6): 1213–24. PMID 12516849.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Vick R, Carson CC (1999). "Fournier's disease". Urol Clin North Am. 26 (4): 841–9. PMID 10584624.
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