Liver mass echocardiography and ultrasound: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Liver mass}} | {{Liver mass}} | ||
{{CMG}} ; {{AE}} {{ADG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ADG}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Ultrasound is the initial method of choice for the evaluation of liver mass. On ultrasound, characteristic findings of liver mass, may include: fluid-filled spaces without clear walls, posterior acoustic enhancement, anechoic, hypoechoic, or hyperechoic lesions. The evaluation of liver mass will mainly depend on the echogenicity. Further evaluation with ultrasound should include Doppler examination to determine vascular pattern. | |||
Ultrasound is the initial method of choice for the evaluation of liver mass. On ultrasound, characteristic findings of liver mass, may include: fluid-filled spaces without clear walls, posterior acoustic enhancement, anechoic, | |||
==Ultrasound== | ==Ultrasound== | ||
Ultrasound is the initial | Ultrasound is the initial method of choice for the evaluation of liver mass. The evaluation of liver mass will mainly depend on echogenicity.<ref name="pmid22541698">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bonder A, Afdhal N |title=Evaluation of liver lesions |journal=Clin Liver Dis |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=271–83 |year=2012 |pmid=22541698 |doi=10.1016/j.cld.2012.03.001 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17526609">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wilson SR, Jang HJ, Kim TK, Burns PN |title=Diagnosis of focal liver masses on ultrasonography: comparison of unenhanced and contrast-enhanced scans |journal=J Ultrasound Med |volume=26 |issue=6 |pages=775–87; quiz 788–90 |year=2007 |pmid=17526609 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*On ultrasound, characteristic findings of liver mass | *On ultrasound, characteristic findings of liver mass may include: | ||
** | **Fluid-filled spaces without clear walls | ||
**Posterior acoustic enhancement | **Posterior acoustic enhancement | ||
**Anechoic, | **Anechoic, hypoechoic, or hyperechoic lesions | ||
==== | ====Methods==== | ||
:Evaluation with ultrasound should include the following techniques<ref name="pmid17526609" /> | :Evaluation with ultrasound should include the following techniques:<ref name="pmid17526609" /> | ||
:*Doppler examination | :*Doppler examination | ||
:*Contrast-enhanced ultrasound | :*Contrast-enhanced ultrasound | ||
{| | {| | ||
! | ! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Type | ||
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Ultrasound | |||
!Enhanced ultrasound | ! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Enhanced ultrasound | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Benign liver mass | ! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Benign liver mass | ||
| | | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | | ||
*Homogeneous hyperechogenicity | *Homogeneous hyperechogenicity | ||
*Hypoechogenicity with hyperechoic | *Hypoechogenicity with hyperechoic ring | ||
*Posterior sonic enhancement | *Posterior sonic enhancement | ||
| | | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | | ||
* Wash out during portal venous phase regardless of arterial vascularity | * Wash out during portal venous phase regardless of arterial vascularity | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Malignant liver mass | ! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Malignant liver mass | ||
| | | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | | ||
*Hypoechoic halo | *Hypoechoic halo | ||
*Target appearance | *Target appearance | ||
| | | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | | ||
* No wash-out during portal phase | * No wash-out during portal phase | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="3" | | | colspan="3" align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | | ||
*'''Central scar''': large central artery is usually present with spoke-wheel like centrifugal flow | *'''Central scar''': large central artery is usually present with spoke-wheel like centrifugal flow | ||
*'''Sonographic halo sign''': hypoechoic halo sign in liver metastases: used in hepatobiliary imaging, is a concerning feature for malignant lesion if the lesion is a hyperechoic liver lesion | *'''Sonographic halo sign''': hypoechoic halo sign in liver metastases: used in hepatobiliary imaging, is a concerning feature for malignant lesion if the lesion is a hyperechoic liver lesion | ||
| Line 86: | Line 85: | ||
:*Multiple and hypoechoic in comparison with the surrounding liver parenchyma | :*Multiple and hypoechoic in comparison with the surrounding liver parenchyma | ||
|} | |} | ||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
[[Category:Medicine]] | [[Category:Medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | |||
[[Category:Hepatology]] | [[Category:Hepatology]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Oncology]] | ||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Surgery]] | [[Category:Surgery]] | ||
Latest revision as of 22:31, 29 July 2020
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Liver Mass Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Liver mass echocardiography and ultrasound On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Liver mass echocardiography and ultrasound |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Liver mass echocardiography and ultrasound |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Ultrasound is the initial method of choice for the evaluation of liver mass. On ultrasound, characteristic findings of liver mass, may include: fluid-filled spaces without clear walls, posterior acoustic enhancement, anechoic, hypoechoic, or hyperechoic lesions. The evaluation of liver mass will mainly depend on the echogenicity. Further evaluation with ultrasound should include Doppler examination to determine vascular pattern.
Ultrasound
Ultrasound is the initial method of choice for the evaluation of liver mass. The evaluation of liver mass will mainly depend on echogenicity.[1][2]
- On ultrasound, characteristic findings of liver mass may include:
- Fluid-filled spaces without clear walls
- Posterior acoustic enhancement
- Anechoic, hypoechoic, or hyperechoic lesions
Methods
- Evaluation with ultrasound should include the following techniques:[2]
- Doppler examination
- Contrast-enhanced ultrasound
| Type | Ultrasound | Enhanced ultrasound |
|---|---|---|
| Benign liver mass |
|
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| Malignant liver mass |
|
|
| ||
The table below summarizes the characteristic ultrasound findings of common benign and malignant liver masses.
| Ultrasound findings of common liver masses | ||
|---|---|---|
| Common liver masses | Ultrasound finding | |
| Hepatic hemangioma |
| |
| Focal nodular hyperplasia |
| |
| Hepatic adenoma |
| |
| Idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension |
| |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma |
| |
| Cholangiocarcinoma |
| |
| Metastases |
| |
References
- ↑ Bonder A, Afdhal N (2012). "Evaluation of liver lesions". Clin Liver Dis. 16 (2): 271–83. doi:10.1016/j.cld.2012.03.001. PMID 22541698.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Wilson SR, Jang HJ, Kim TK, Burns PN (2007). "Diagnosis of focal liver masses on ultrasonography: comparison of unenhanced and contrast-enhanced scans". J Ultrasound Med. 26 (6): 775–87, quiz 788–90. PMID 17526609.