Microsporidiosis: Difference between revisions

	Microsporidiosis Microchapters
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Overview
Historical perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
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Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
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History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory findings
X ray
CT
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VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 22:43, 29 July 2020

For the patient information, click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Microsporidial infection, Infection by microsporidia

Overview

Historical perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Microsporidiosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Case Studies

Case #1

Related Chapters

External links

CDC's microsporidiosis info page.
Treating Opportunistic Infections Among HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents, Recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Association/Infectious Diseases Society of America CDC's [3]

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+'''For the patient information, click [[Microsporidiosis (patient information)|here]]'''
+{{Microsporidiosis}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{AY}}
-==Overview==
+{{SK}} Microsporidial infection, Infection by microsporidia
-{{Infobox_Disease |
+== [[Microsporidiosis overview|Overview]] ==
-  Name           = {{PAGENAME}} |
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-  DiseasesDB     = 31870 |
-  ICD10          = {{ICD10|B|60|8|b|50}} |
-  ICD9           = {{ICD9|136.8}} |
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-  MedlinePlus    = |
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-  MeshID         = D016881 |
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-'''Microspridiosis''' is an opportunistic intestinal infection that causes [[diarrhea]] and wasting in [[immunocompromised]] individuals ([[HIV]], for example). It results from different species of [[microsporidia]], a group of [[protozoa]]l parasites.
+== [[Microsporidiosis historical perspective|Historical perspective]] ==
-In [[HIV]] infected individuals, microsporidiosis generally occurs when [[CD4]]+ [[T cell]] counts fall below 100.
+== [[Microsporidiosis classification|Classification]] ==
-==Causative agents==
+== [[Microsporidiosis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]] ==
-At least 14 microsporidian species have been recognized as human [[pathogen]]s, spread across eight genera:
-* ''Brachiola''
-** ''B. algerae'', ''B. connori'', ''B. vesicularum''
-* ''Encephalitozoon''
-** ''E. cuniculi'', ''E. hellem'', ''E. intestinalis''
-* Enterocytozoon
-** ''E. bieneusi''
-* ''[[Microsporidium]]''
-** ''M. ceylonensis'', ''M. africanum''
-* ''[[Nosema]]''
-** ''N. ocularum''
-* ''Pleistophora  sp.''
-* ''Trachipleistophora''
-** ''T. hominis'', ''T. anthropophthera''
-* ''Vittaforma''
-** ''V. corneae.''
-==Life cycle==
+== [[Microsporidiosis causes|Causes]] ==
-[[Image:Microsporidiosis 01.jpg|thumb|left|Life cycle of the various organisms that cause microsporidiosis.]]
-''(Coded to [[:Image:Microsporidiosis 01.jpg|image]] at right).''
+== [[Microsporidiosis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Microsporidiosis from other Diseases]] ==
-# The infective form of microsporidia is the resistant [[spore]] and it can survive for an exteneded period of time in the environment.
-# The spore extrudes its polar tubule and infects the host cell.
-# The spore injects the infective sporoplasm into the [[eukaryotic]] host cell through the polar tubule.
-# Inside the cell, the sporoplasm undergoes extensive multiplication either by [[merogony]] (binary fission) or [[schizogony]] (multiple fission).
-# This development can occur either in direct contact with the host cell [[cytoplasm]] (''E. bieneusi'') or inside a [[vacuole]] called a parasitophorous vacuole (''E. intestinalis''). Either free in the cytoplasm or inside a parasitophorous vacuole, microsporidia develop by [[sporogony]] to mature spores.
-# During sporogony, a thick wall is formed around the spore, which provides resistance to adverse environmental conditions. When the spores increase in number and completely fill the host cell cytoplasm, the cell membrane is disrupted and releases the spores to the surroundings.
-# These free mature spores can infect new cells thus continuing the cycle.
+== [[Microsporidiosis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]] ==
+== [[Microsporidiosis risk factors|Risk Factors]] ==
+== [[Microsporidiosis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]] ==
+== Diagnosis ==
+[[Microsporidiosis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Microsporidiosis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Microsporidiosis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Microsporidiosis x ray|X ray]] | [[Microsporidiosis CT|CT]] | [[Microsporidiosis MRI|MRI]] | [[Microsporidiosis other imaging studies|Other imaging studies]] | [[Microsporidiosis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
+== Treatment ==
+[[Microsporidiosis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Microsporidiosis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Microsporidiosis primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Microsporidiosis secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Microsporidiosis cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Microsporidiosis future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
+==Case Studies==
+[[Microsporidiosis case study one|Case #1]]
+==Related Chapters==
+*[[Opportunistic infections]]
+*[[HIV opportunistic infections]]
+*[[HIV opportunistic infection toxoplasma gondii encephalitis: prevention and treatment guidelines]]
+*[[HIV opportunistic infection pneumocystis pneumonia: prevention and treatment guidelines]]
 ==External links==
 * CDC's [http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/Microsporidiosis.htm microsporidiosis] info page.
+* '''Treating Opportunistic Infections Among HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents''', ''Recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Association/Infectious Diseases Society of America'' CDC's [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5315a1.htm]
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 [[Category:Digestive diseases]]
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