Myopia causes: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Created page with " __NOTOC__ {{Myopia}} Please help WikiDoc by adding content here. It's easy! Click here to learn about editing. {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{SME}} ==Caus...")
 
m (Bot: Removing from Primary care)
 
(6 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Myopia}}
{{Myopia}}
Please help WikiDoc by adding content here.  It's easy!  Click  [[Help:How_to_Edit_a_Page|here]]  to learn about editing.
Please help WikiDoc by adding content here.  It's easy!  Click  [[Help:How_to_Edit_a_Page|here]]  to learn about editing.


{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{SME}}
==Overview==
 
==Causes==
==Causes==
Because in the most common, "simple" myopia, the eye length is too long, any [[etiologic]] explanation must account for such axial elongation.  To date, no single [[theory]]has been able to satisfactorily explain this elongation.
*Drug side effect: [[Ethosuximide]], [[Hydrochlorothiazide]]
*In the early [[1900s]], [[William Bates]] controversially asserted that myopia, as with all refractive errors, resulted from a particular type of "eyestrain" that was itself a result of "mental strain".<ref>[http://www.iblindness.org/books/bates/ch10.html "Chapter X: Strain."]</ref> He stated that the shape of the eyeball responded instantaneously to the action of the [[extraocular muscles]] upon it<ref>[http://www.iblindness.org/books/bates/ch7.html "Chapter VII: The Variability of the Refraction of the Eye."]</ref> and that myopia was produced due to contraction of the [[inferior oblique muscle|inferior oblique]] and [[superior oblique muscle]]s which lengthened the eye.<ref>[http://www.iblindness.org/books/bates/ch4.html Chapter IV : The Truth about Accommodation as Demonstrated by Experiments on the Eye Muscles of Fish, Cats, Dogs, Rabbits and Other Animals."]</ref> According to Bates, myopia was associated with a "strain" to see distance objects rather than near work.<ref>[http://www.iblindness.org/books/bates/ch1.html "Chapter I: Introductory."]</ref> Bates theories were rejected by mainstream ophthalmologists of his time and remain so today. <ref name="Bradley">{{cite news
| author=Robyn E. Bradley
| title=ADVOCATES SEE ONLY BENEFITS FROM EYE EXERCISES
| publisher=The Boston Globe (MA)
|date=September 23, 2003
| url=http://visioneducators.com/articles/advocates_see_only_benefits_from_eye_exercises.pdf }}</ref><ref name="Rawstron">{{cite journal
| author=Rawstron JA, Burley CD, Elder MJ
| journal=J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
| year=2005
| volume=42
| issue=2
| pages=82-8
| title=A systematic review of the applicability and efficacy of eye exercises.
| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=15825744&query_hl=13&itool=pubmed_DocSum}}</ref>
*In the mid-1900s, mainstream ophthalmologists and optometrists believed myopia to be primarily hereditary; the influence of near work in its development seemed "incidental" and the increased prevalence of the condition with increasing age was viewed as a "statistical curiosity".<ref name="Borish"/><ref name="Duke-Elder"/><ref name="Mutti">Mutti D. [http://www.revoptom.com/index.asp?ArticleType=SiteSpec&page=osc/apr01/lesson_0401.htm "Can We Conquer Myopia?"] ''Review of Optomery.'' Optometric Study Center: April, 2001.</ref>
*Among mainstream researchers and [[eye care professional]]s, myopia is now thought to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors.<ref name="AOA"/><ref name="Morgan 1"/>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Optometry]]
[[Category:Optometry]]
[[Category:Vision]]
[[Category:Vision]]
[[Category:Primary care]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 22:52, 29 July 2020