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/* 2010 ACC/AHA Guidelines- ACCF/ACR/AHA/NASCI/SCMR Expert Consensus Document on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (DO NOT EDIT){{cite journal| author=American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents. Hundley WG, ... |
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{{Peripheral arterial disease}} | {{Peripheral arterial disease}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{CZ}}; {{VVS}} | |||
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
When symptoms suggestive of [[peripheral artery disease]] are present, | When symptoms suggestive of [[peripheral artery disease]] are present, clinical evaluation along with non invasive testing are enough to establish the diagnosis. Invasive diagnostic studies are anatomic studies that are not used for diagnosis but rather for preoperative evaluation of the anatomy of the [[vessels]]. The invasive diagnostic studies, which are basically anatomic studies that rely on imaging, include the following: conventional [[angiography]], CT angiography, [[MRA]] and duplex [[ultrasound]].<ref>Wennberg PW, Rooke TW. Chapter 109. Diagnosis and Management of Diseases of the Peripheral Arteries and Veins. In: Fuster V, Walsh RA, Harrington RA, eds. Hurst's The Heart. 13th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2011.</ref> | ||
== MRI == | == MRI == | ||
The use of cardiovascular MRI in peripheral arterial disease is outlined | The use of cardiovascular MRI in peripheral arterial disease is outlined: | ||
* [[Magnetic resonance angiography]] is the most sensitive modality to make this diagnosis of PVD. | * [[Magnetic resonance angiography]] is the most sensitive modality to make this diagnosis of PVD. | ||
*Benefits of [[magnetic resonance angiography]]: | |||
**Useful to asses PAD anatomy and presence of significant [[stenoses]] | |||
**Useful to select patients who are candidates for endovascular or [[surgical revascularization]] | |||
*Limitations of [[magnetic resonance angiography]]: | |||
**Tends to overestimate the degree of [[stenosis]] | |||
**May be inaccurate in [[arteries]] treated with [[metal stents]] | |||
**Can not be used in patients with contraindications to the magnetic resonance technique | |||
=== Recommendations | ==Management of Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease (Compilation of 2005 and 2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline Recommendations) : A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines<ref name="pmid23473760">{{cite journal| author=Rooke TW, Hirsch AT, Misra S, Sidawy AN, Beckman JA, Findeiss L et al.| title=Management of patients with peripheral artery disease (compilation of 2005 and 2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline Recommendations): a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. | journal=J Am Coll Cardiol | year= 2013 | volume= 61 | issue= 14 | pages= 1555-70 | pmid=23473760 | doi=10.1016/j.jacc.2013.01.004 | pmc=4492473 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23473760 }} </ref>== | ||
===Peripheral Artery Disease (DO NOT EDIT)<ref name="pmid16549646">{{cite journal |author=Hirsch AT, Haskal ZJ, Hertzer NR, Bakal CW, Creager MA, Halperin JL, Hiratzka LF, Murphy WR, Olin JW, Puschett JB, Rosenfield KA, Sacks D, Stanley JC, Taylor LM, White CJ, White J, White RA, Antman EM, Smith SC, Adams CD, Anderson JL, Faxon DP, Fuster V, Gibbons RJ, Hunt SA, Jacobs AK, Nishimura R, Ornato JP, Page RL, Riegel B |title=ACC/AHA 2005 Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease (lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic): a collaborative report from the American Association for Vascular Surgery/Society for Vascular Surgery, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology, Society of Interventional Radiology, and the ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease): endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Society for Vascular Nursing; TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus; and Vascular Disease Foundation |journal=[[Circulation]] |volume=113 |issue=11 |pages=e463–654 |year=2006 |month=March |pmid=16549646 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.174526 |url=http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16549646 |accessdate=2012-10-09}}</ref><ref name="pmid20479157">{{cite journal| author=American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents. Hundley WG, Bluemke DA, Finn JP, Flamm SD, Fogel MA et al.| title=ACCF/ACR/AHA/NASCI/SCMR 2010 expert consensus document on cardiovascular magnetic resonance: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents. | journal=Circulation | year= 2010 | volume= 121 | issue= 22 | pages= 2462-508 | pmid=20479157 | doi=10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181d44a8f | pmc=PMC3034132 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20479157 }} </ref>=== | |||
{|class="wikitable" | {|class="wikitable" | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.'''Is recommended to diagnose anatomic location and degree of stenosis of PAD (Level of Evidence: A)'' <nowiki>"</nowiki> | | bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' Is recommended to diagnose anatomic location and degree of stenosis of PAD. ''([[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: A]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''2.'''Should be performed with gadolinium enhancement (Level of Evidence: B)'' <nowiki>"</nowiki> | | bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''2.''' Should be performed with gadolinium enhancement. ''([[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''3.'''Is useful in selecting patients with lower extremity PAD as candidates for endovascular intervention (Level of Evidence: A)'' <nowiki>"</nowiki> | | bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''3.''' Is useful in selecting patients with lower extremity PAD as candidates for endovascular intervention. ''([[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: A]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 51: | Line 50: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.'''To select patients with lower extremity PAD as candidates for surgical bypass and to select the sites of surgical anastomosis(Level of Evidence: B)'' <nowiki>"</nowiki> | |bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' To select patients with lower extremity PAD as candidates for surgical bypass and to select the sites of surgical anastomosis.''([[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''2.'''For post-revascularization (endovascular and surgical bypass) surveillance in patients with lower extremity PAD (Level of Evidence: B) | |bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''2.''' For post-revascularization (endovascular and surgical bypass) surveillance in patients with lower extremity PAD ''([[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])'' | ||
Additionally, MRA of the lower extremities is appropriate for patients with claudication.''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
|} | |||
===Magnetic Resonance Angiography (DO NOT EDIT)<ref name="pmid16549646">{{cite journal |author=Hirsch AT, Haskal ZJ, Hertzer NR, Bakal CW, Creager MA, Halperin JL, Hiratzka LF, Murphy WR, Olin JW, Puschett JB, Rosenfield KA, Sacks D, Stanley JC, Taylor LM, White CJ, White J, White RA, Antman EM, Smith SC, Adams CD, Anderson JL, Faxon DP, Fuster V, Gibbons RJ, Hunt SA, Jacobs AK, Nishimura R, Ornato JP, Page RL, Riegel B |title=ACC/AHA 2005 Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease (lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic): a collaborative report from the American Association for Vascular Surgery/Society for Vascular Surgery, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology, Society of Interventional Radiology, and the ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease): endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Society for Vascular Nursing; TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus; and Vascular Disease Foundation |journal=[[Circulation]] |volume=113 |issue=11 |pages=e463–654 |year=2006 |month=March |pmid=16549646 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.174526 |url=http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16549646 |accessdate=2012-10-09}}</ref><ref name="pmid20479157">{{cite journal| author=American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents. Hundley WG, Bluemke DA, Finn JP, Flamm SD, Fogel MA et al.| title=ACCF/ACR/AHA/NASCI/SCMR 2010 expert consensus document on cardiovascular magnetic resonance: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents. | journal=Circulation | year= 2010 | volume= 121 | issue= 22 | pages= 2462-508 | pmid=20479157 | doi=10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181d44a8f | pmc=PMC3034132 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20479157 }} </ref>=== | |||
{|class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LightGreen"|[[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class I]] | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' [[Magnetic resonance angiography]] of the extremities is useful to diagnose anatomic location and degree of [[stenosis]] of PAD. ''([[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: A]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''2.''' [[Magnetic resonance angiography]] of the extremities should be performed with [[gadolinium]] enhancement. ''([[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''3.''' [[Magnetic resonance angiography]] of the extremities is useful in selecting patients with lower extremity PAD as candidates for [[endovascular]] intervention. ''([[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: A]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
|} | |||
{|class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LemonChiffon"|[[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class IIb]] | |||
|- | |||
|bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' [[Magnetic resonance angiography]] of the extremities may be considered to select patients with lower extremity PAD as candidates for surgical [[bypass]] and to select the sites of surgical [[anastomosis]].''([[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
|- | |||
|bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''2.''' [[Magnetic resonance angiography]] of the extremities may be considered for postrevascularization ([[endovascular]] and surgical [[bypass]]) surveillance in patients with lower extremity PAD. ''([[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])'' <nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
|} | |} | ||
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{{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | ||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | [[Category:Cardiology]] | ||
[[Category:Peripheral Arterial Disease]] | [[Category:Peripheral Arterial Disease]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:15, 6 October 2020
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Peripheral arterial disease Microchapters |
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Differentiating Peripheral arterial disease from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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AHA/ACC Guidelines on Management of Lower Extremity PAD |
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Guidelines for Structured Exercise Therapy for Lower Extremity PAD |
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Guidelines for Minimizing Tissue Loss in Lower Extremity PAD |
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Guidelines for Revascularization of Claudication in Lower Extremity PAD |
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Guidelines for Management of Acute Limb Ischemial in Lower Extremity PAD |
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Guidelines for Longitudinal Follow-up for Lower Extremity PAD |
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Peripheral arterial disease MRI On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Peripheral arterial disease MRI |
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Peripheral arterial disease |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Peripheral arterial disease MRI |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Vishnu Vardhan Serla M.B.B.S. [3]
Please help WikiDoc by adding more content here. It's easy! Click here to learn about editing.
Overview
When symptoms suggestive of peripheral artery disease are present, clinical evaluation along with non invasive testing are enough to establish the diagnosis. Invasive diagnostic studies are anatomic studies that are not used for diagnosis but rather for preoperative evaluation of the anatomy of the vessels. The invasive diagnostic studies, which are basically anatomic studies that rely on imaging, include the following: conventional angiography, CT angiography, MRA and duplex ultrasound.[1]
MRI
The use of cardiovascular MRI in peripheral arterial disease is outlined:
- Magnetic resonance angiography is the most sensitive modality to make this diagnosis of PVD.
- Benefits of magnetic resonance angiography:
- Useful to asses PAD anatomy and presence of significant stenoses
- Useful to select patients who are candidates for endovascular or surgical revascularization
- Limitations of magnetic resonance angiography:
- Tends to overestimate the degree of stenosis
- May be inaccurate in arteries treated with metal stents
- Can not be used in patients with contraindications to the magnetic resonance technique
Management of Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease (Compilation of 2005 and 2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline Recommendations) : A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines[2]
Peripheral Artery Disease (DO NOT EDIT)[3][4]
| Class I |
| "CMR for PAD" |
| "1. Is recommended to diagnose anatomic location and degree of stenosis of PAD. (Level of Evidence: A)" |
| "2. Should be performed with gadolinium enhancement. (Level of Evidence: B)" |
| "3. Is useful in selecting patients with lower extremity PAD as candidates for endovascular intervention. (Level of Evidence: A)" |
| Class IIb |
| "CMR of the extremities may be considered" |
| "1. To select patients with lower extremity PAD as candidates for surgical bypass and to select the sites of surgical anastomosis.(Level of Evidence: B)" |
| "2. For post-revascularization (endovascular and surgical bypass) surveillance in patients with lower extremity PAD (Level of Evidence: B)
Additionally, MRA of the lower extremities is appropriate for patients with claudication." |
Magnetic Resonance Angiography (DO NOT EDIT)[3][4]
| Class I |
| "1. Magnetic resonance angiography of the extremities is useful to diagnose anatomic location and degree of stenosis of PAD. (Level of Evidence: A)" |
| "2. Magnetic resonance angiography of the extremities should be performed with gadolinium enhancement. (Level of Evidence: B)" |
| "3. Magnetic resonance angiography of the extremities is useful in selecting patients with lower extremity PAD as candidates for endovascular intervention. (Level of Evidence: A)" |
| Class IIb |
| "1. Magnetic resonance angiography of the extremities may be considered to select patients with lower extremity PAD as candidates for surgical bypass and to select the sites of surgical anastomosis.(Level of Evidence: B)" |
| "2. Magnetic resonance angiography of the extremities may be considered for postrevascularization (endovascular and surgical bypass) surveillance in patients with lower extremity PAD. (Level of Evidence: B) " |
References
- ↑ Wennberg PW, Rooke TW. Chapter 109. Diagnosis and Management of Diseases of the Peripheral Arteries and Veins. In: Fuster V, Walsh RA, Harrington RA, eds. Hurst's The Heart. 13th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2011.
- ↑ Rooke TW, Hirsch AT, Misra S, Sidawy AN, Beckman JA, Findeiss L; et al. (2013). "Management of patients with peripheral artery disease (compilation of 2005 and 2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline Recommendations): a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines". J Am Coll Cardiol. 61 (14): 1555–70. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.01.004. PMC 4492473. PMID 23473760.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Hirsch AT, Haskal ZJ, Hertzer NR, Bakal CW, Creager MA, Halperin JL, Hiratzka LF, Murphy WR, Olin JW, Puschett JB, Rosenfield KA, Sacks D, Stanley JC, Taylor LM, White CJ, White J, White RA, Antman EM, Smith SC, Adams CD, Anderson JL, Faxon DP, Fuster V, Gibbons RJ, Hunt SA, Jacobs AK, Nishimura R, Ornato JP, Page RL, Riegel B (2006). "ACC/AHA 2005 Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease (lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic): a collaborative report from the American Association for Vascular Surgery/Society for Vascular Surgery, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology, Society of Interventional Radiology, and the ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease): endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Society for Vascular Nursing; TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus; and Vascular Disease Foundation". Circulation. 113 (11): e463–654. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.174526. PMID 16549646. Retrieved 2012-10-09. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents. Hundley WG, Bluemke DA, Finn JP, Flamm SD, Fogel MA; et al. (2010). "ACCF/ACR/AHA/NASCI/SCMR 2010 expert consensus document on cardiovascular magnetic resonance: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents". Circulation. 121 (22): 2462–508. doi:10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181d44a8f. PMC 3034132. PMID 20479157.