Peliosis hepatis risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Common risk factors in the development of Peliosis Hepatis include certain [[drugs]], [[malignancy]], [[infections]], and [[chronic conditions]]. | |||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
Common risk factors in the development of Peliosis Hepatis include certain [[drugs]] <ref name="pmidhttps://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-387817-5.00033-9">{{cite journal| author=Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G| title=Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes. | journal=Biochem Pharmacol | year= 1975 | volume= 24 | issue= 17 | pages= 1639-41 | pmid=https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-387817-5.00033-9 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10 }} </ref>, [[malignancy]], [[infections]], and chronic conditions. | |||
A study of Molecular Epidemiology of [[Bartonella]] [[Infections]] in Patients with Bacillary Angiomatosis–Peliosis show that peliosis hepatis was associated exclusively with B. henselae. Some chronic conditions like [[Kidney transplant]].<ref name="pmid9407154">{{cite journal| author=Koehler JE, Sanchez MA, Garrido CS, Whitfeld MJ, Chen FM, Berger TG | display-authors=etal| title=Molecular epidemiology of bartonella infections in patients with bacillary angiomatosis-peliosis. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1997 | volume= 337 | issue= 26 | pages= 1876-83 | pmid=9407154 | doi=10.1056/NEJM199712253372603 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9407154 }} </ref> | |||
Some chronic conditions like Kidney transplant. <ref name="pmidhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8278(05)80479-9">{{cite journal| author=Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G| title=Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes. | journal=Biochem Pharmacol | year= 1975 | volume= 24 | issue= 17 | pages= 1639-41 | pmid=https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8278(05)80479-9 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10 }} </ref> | |||
*'''Infections:''' [[HIV]], Bacillary peliosis (caused by genus ''[[Bartonella]]'', bacteria responsible for [[cat-scratch disease]] which are identified histologically adjacent to the peliotic lesions.<ref name="pmid9407154">{{cite journal| author=Koehler JE, Sanchez MA, Garrido CS, Whitfeld MJ, Chen FM, Berger TG | display-authors=etal| title=Molecular epidemiology of bartonella infections in patients with bacillary angiomatosis-peliosis. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1997 | volume= 337 | issue= 26 | pages= 1876-83 | pmid=9407154 | doi=10.1056/NEJM199712253372603 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9407154 }} </ref> | |||
*'''Chronic conditions:''' End stage [[renal failure]], [[Kwashiorkor]], [[tuberculosis]] and other chronic infections. | |||
*'''Malignancy:''' [[Monoclonal gammopathy|Monoclonal gammopathies]] ([[multiple myeloma]] and [[Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia]]), [[Hodgkin's disease]], [[malignant histiocytosis]], [[seminoma]], [[hepatocellular adenoma]] and [[Hepatocellular carcinoma|hepatocarcinoma]],<ref>{{cite journal |author=Haboubi NY, Ali HH, Whitwell HL, Ackrill P |title=Role of endothelial cell injury in the spectrum of azathioprine-induced liver disease after renal transplant: light microscopy and ultrastructural observations |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=83 |issue=3 |pages=256-61 |year=1988 |pmid=3278593}}</ref> | |||
*'''Renal transplants:''' It can be found in up to 20% patients, can be related to azathioprine or cyclosporine use and may be associated with increased risk of [[transplant rejection]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Izumi S, Nishiuchi M, Kameda Y, Nagano S, Fukunishi T, Kohro T, Shinji Y |title=Laparoscopic study of peliosis hepatis and nodular transformation of the liver before and after renal transplantation: natural history and aetiology in follow-up cases |journal=J. Hepatol. |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=129-37 |year=1994 |pmid=8201214}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Cavalcanti R, Pol S, Carnot F, Campos H, Degott C, Driss F, Legendre C, Kreis H |title=Impact and evolution of peliosis hepatis in renal transplant recipients |journal=Transplantation |volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=315-6 |year=1994 |pmid=8053054}}</ref>. | |||
*'''Drugs and toxins:''' [[Corticosteroids]], [[androgens]], [[methyltestosterone]], [[azathioprine]], [[tamoxifen]]<ref>{{cite book | last = Goldman | first = Lee | title = Cecil Textbook of Medicine -- 2-Volume Set, Text with Continually Updated Online Reference | publisher = W.B. Saunders Company | location = Philadelphia | year = 2003 | isbn = 0721645631 }}</ref> | |||
===Prognosis=== | |||
Depending on if the right diagnosis was made, the prognosis may vary. Peliosis hepatis should not be drained. If mistaken for [[hepatic abscess]] and drained, it can lead to life-threatening [[hemorrhage]]. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as excellent.<ref name="pmid7949724">{{cite journal| author=Cohen GS, Ball DS, Boyd-Kranis R, Gembala RB, Wurzel J| title=Peliosis hepatis mimicking hepatic abscess: fatal outcome following percutaneous drainage. | journal=J Vasc Interv Radiol | year= 1994 | volume= 5 | issue= 4 | pages= 643-5 | pmid=7949724 | doi=10.1016/s1051-0443(94)71572-4 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7949724 }} </ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 22:11, 18 January 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
Common risk factors in the development of Peliosis Hepatis include certain drugs, malignancy, infections, and chronic conditions.
Risk Factors
Common risk factors in the development of Peliosis Hepatis include certain drugs [1], malignancy, infections, and chronic conditions.
A study of Molecular Epidemiology of Bartonella Infections in Patients with Bacillary Angiomatosis–Peliosis show that peliosis hepatis was associated exclusively with B. henselae. Some chronic conditions like Kidney transplant.[2] Some chronic conditions like Kidney transplant. [3]
- Infections: HIV, Bacillary peliosis (caused by genus Bartonella, bacteria responsible for cat-scratch disease which are identified histologically adjacent to the peliotic lesions.[2]
- Chronic conditions: End stage renal failure, Kwashiorkor, tuberculosis and other chronic infections.
- Malignancy: Monoclonal gammopathies (multiple myeloma and Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia), Hodgkin's disease, malignant histiocytosis, seminoma, hepatocellular adenoma and hepatocarcinoma,[4]
- Renal transplants: It can be found in up to 20% patients, can be related to azathioprine or cyclosporine use and may be associated with increased risk of transplant rejection[5][6].
- Drugs and toxins: Corticosteroids, androgens, methyltestosterone, azathioprine, tamoxifen[7]
Prognosis
Depending on if the right diagnosis was made, the prognosis may vary. Peliosis hepatis should not be drained. If mistaken for hepatic abscess and drained, it can lead to life-threatening hemorrhage. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as excellent.[8]
References
- ↑ Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G (1975). "Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes". Biochem Pharmacol. 24 (17): 1639–41. PMID https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-387817-5.00033-9 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Koehler JE, Sanchez MA, Garrido CS, Whitfeld MJ, Chen FM, Berger TG; et al. (1997). "Molecular epidemiology of bartonella infections in patients with bacillary angiomatosis-peliosis". N Engl J Med. 337 (26): 1876–83. doi:10.1056/NEJM199712253372603. PMID 9407154.
- ↑ Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G (1975). "Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes". Biochem Pharmacol. 24 (17): 1639–41. PMID https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8278(05)80479-9 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Haboubi NY, Ali HH, Whitwell HL, Ackrill P (1988). "Role of endothelial cell injury in the spectrum of azathioprine-induced liver disease after renal transplant: light microscopy and ultrastructural observations". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 83 (3): 256–61. PMID 3278593.
- ↑ Izumi S, Nishiuchi M, Kameda Y, Nagano S, Fukunishi T, Kohro T, Shinji Y (1994). "Laparoscopic study of peliosis hepatis and nodular transformation of the liver before and after renal transplantation: natural history and aetiology in follow-up cases". J. Hepatol. 20 (1): 129–37. PMID 8201214.
- ↑ Cavalcanti R, Pol S, Carnot F, Campos H, Degott C, Driss F, Legendre C, Kreis H (1994). "Impact and evolution of peliosis hepatis in renal transplant recipients". Transplantation. 58 (3): 315–6. PMID 8053054.
- ↑ Goldman, Lee (2003). Cecil Textbook of Medicine -- 2-Volume Set, Text with Continually Updated Online Reference. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company. ISBN 0721645631.
- ↑ Cohen GS, Ball DS, Boyd-Kranis R, Gembala RB, Wurzel J (1994). "Peliosis hepatis mimicking hepatic abscess: fatal outcome following percutaneous drainage". J Vasc Interv Radiol. 5 (4): 643–5. doi:10.1016/s1051-0443(94)71572-4. PMID 7949724.