Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
'''For patient information click [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (patient information)|here]]'''
'''For patient information click [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (patient information)|here]]'''
{{ADHD}}


{{Infobox_Disease
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{KS}}, {{HW}}
| Name          = Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (USA)
| DiseasesDB    = 6158
| ICD10          = {{ICD10|F|90||f|90}}
| ICD9          = {{ICD9|314.00}}, {{ICD9|314.01}}
| OMIM          = 143465
| MedlinePlus    = 001551
| eMedicineSubj  =
| eMedicineTopic =
| eMedicine_mult =
}}
{{ADHD}}
'''Editor(s)-in-Chief:''' [[C. Michael Gibson]], M.S.,M.D. [mailto:mgibson@perfuse.org] Phone:617-632-7753; Laura Tommaso, M.D.


{{SK}} ADHD
{{SK}} Adult attention-deficit disorder; AADD; ADD; ADD/ADHD; ADHD; ADHD predominantly hyperactive-impulsive; ADHD predominantly inattentive; hyperactiveness; other specified attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; short attention span; unspecified attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; hyperkinetic syndrome; ADDH; childhood hyperkinesis


==[[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder overview|Overview]]==
==[[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder overview|Overview]]==
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==[[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
==[[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


==[[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
==[[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder causes|Causes]]==


==Prognosis==
==[[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder differential diagnosis|Differentiation Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder from Other Diseases]]==
The diagnosis of ADHD implies an impairment in life functioning.  Many adverse life outcomes are associated with ADHD.


During the elementary years an ADHD student will have more difficulties with work completion, productivity, planning, remembering things needed for school, and meeting deadlines. Oppositional and socially aggressive behavior is seen in 40-70 percent of children at this age. Even ADHD kids with average to above average intelligence show "chronic and severe under achievement". Fully 46% of those with ADHD have been suspended and 11% expelled.<ref>U.S. Department of Education [http://www.ed.gov/rschstat/research/pubs/adhd/adhd-identifying_pg4.html "How Does ADHD Affect School Performance?"], 2007</ref>  Thirty seven percent of those with ADHD do not get a high school diploma even though many of them will receive special education services.<ref name="BarkleyContEd"/> The combined outcomes of the expulsion and dropout rates indicate that almost half of all ADHD students never finish highschool.<ref>{{PDFlink|http://eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2/content_storage_01/0000000b/80/22/94/d6.pdf}}</ref> Only five percent of those with ADHD will get a college degree compared to twenty seven percent of the general population. ([[United States Census|US Census]], 2003)
==[[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


==See also==
==[[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
'''General'''
* [[Adult attention-deficit disorder]]
* [[Developmental disability]]
* [[Educational psychology]]
* [[Sluggish cognitive tempo]]
'''Controversy'''
* [[Chemical imbalance]]
* [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder controversies]]


'''Related disorders'''
==[[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
* [[Auditory processing disorder]]
* [[Sensory integration disorder]]
* [[Oppositional defiant disorder|ODD]]


==References==
==Diagnosis==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnostic criteria|Diagnostic Criteria]] | [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder rating scales for diagnosis|Rating scales for diagnosis]] | [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder other imaging findings|Imaging Findings]]
 
==Further reading==
*National Institute of Health
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001551.htm
*Hartmann,Thom  "Attention Deficit Disorder, A Different Perception" subtitled "A Hunter in a Farmers World".
*Barkley, Russell A. ''Take Charge of ADHD: The Complete Authoritative Guide for Parents'' (2005) New York: Guilford Publications.
*Bellak L, Kay SR, Opler LA. (1987) "Attention deficit disorder psychosis as a diagnostic category". ''Psychiatric Developments'', 5 (3), 239-63. PMID 3454965
*Conrad, Peter ''Identifying Hyperactive Children'' (Ashgate, 2006).
*Green, Christopher, Kit Chee, ''Understanding ADD''; Doubleday 1994; ISBN 0-86824-587-9
*Hanna, Mohab. (2006) ''Making the Connection: A Parent's Guide to Medication in AD/HD'', Washington D.C.: Ladner-Drysdale.
*Joseph, J. (2000). "Not in Their Genes: A Critical View of the Genetics of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder", ''Developmental Review'' 20, 539-567.
*Kelly, Kate, Peggy Ramundo. (1993) ''You Mean I'm Not Lazy, Stupid or Crazy?! A Self-Help Book for Adults with Attention deficit Disorder''. ISBN 0-684-81531-1
*Matlen, Terry. (2005) "Survival Tips for Women with AD/HD". ISBN 1886941599
*Ninivaggi, F.J. "Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents: Rethinking Diagnosis and Treatment Implications for Complicated Cases", ''Connecticut Medicine''. September 1999; Vol. 63, No. 9, 515-521. PMID 10531701
*[http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/default.htm Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)] at the Center for Disease Control
*[http://consensus.nih.gov/1998/1998AttentionDeficitHyperactivityDisorder110html.htm Diagnosis and Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder] at NIH
*[http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/adhd.cfm National Institute of Mental Health on ADHD]


==Treatment==
[[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder combination therapy|Combination Therapy]] | [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder psychotherapy|Psychotherapy]] | [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder brain stimulation therapy|Brain Stimulation Therapy]] | [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]  |  [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder monitoring response to therapy|Monitoring Response to Therapy]]


{{WS}}
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
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[[Category:Overview complete]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Psychiatry]]
[[Category:Psychiatry]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]

Latest revision as of 23:00, 30 December 2023

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2], Haleigh Williams, B.S.

Synonyms and keywords: Adult attention-deficit disorder; AADD; ADD; ADD/ADHD; ADHD; ADHD predominantly hyperactive-impulsive; ADHD predominantly inattentive; hyperactiveness; other specified attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; short attention span; unspecified attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; hyperkinetic syndrome; ADDH; childhood hyperkinesis

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiation Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder from Other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria | Rating scales for diagnosis | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Imaging Findings

Treatment

Combination Therapy | Medical Therapy | Psychotherapy | Brain Stimulation Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Monitoring Response to Therapy

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