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Mephentermine
Clinical data
ATC code	C01CA11 (WHO) ;
Identifiers
	IUPAC name N,2-dimethyl-1-phenylpropan-2-amine;
PubChem CID	3677;
E number	{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard	{{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 36: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C11H17N
Molar mass	163.259 g/mol

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 13:28, 13 April 2015

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Mephentermine is a cardiac stimulant. It was formerly used in Wyamine nasal decongestant inhalers and before that as a stimulant in psychiatry.

It has been used as a treatment for low blood pressure.^[1]

ATC Classification: C01CA11 - mephentermine ; Belongs to the class of adrenergic and dopaminergic cardiac stimulants excluding glycosides. Used in the treatment of heart failure.

Mechanism of Action

Mephentermine appears to act by indirect stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors causing the release of norepinephrine from its storage sites. It has a positive inotropic effect on the myocardium. AV conduction and refractory period of AV node is shortened with an increase in ventricular conduction velocity. It dilates arteries and arterioles in the skeletal muscle and mesenteric vascular beds, leading to an increase in venous return.

Onset: 5-15 minutes (IM), immediate (IV).

Duration: 4 hr (IM), 30 minutes (IV).

Indication & Dosage

Maintenance of blood pressure in hypotensive states Adult: 30-45 mg as a single dose, repeated as necessary or followed by IV infusion of 0.1% mephentermine in 5% dextrose, rate and duration of administration will depend on patient's response.

Hypotension secondary to spinal anaesthesia in obstetric patients Adult: 15 mg as a single dose, repeat if needed.

Caution

Contraindications

Low blood pressure caused by phenothiazines. Hypertension. Pheochromocytoma.

Special Precautions

Patient on MAOIs. For shock due to loss of blood or fluid, give fluid replacement therapy primarily, CVS disease, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, chronic illnesses, lactation, pregnancy.

Adverse Drug Reactions

Drowsiness, incoherence, hallucinations, convulsions, fast heart rate. Fear, anxiety, restlessness, tremor, insomnia, confusion, irritability, and psychosis. Nausea, vomiting, reduced appetite, urinary retention, dyspnea, weakness.

Potentially Fatal: AV block, CNS stimulation. Cerebral hemorrhage and pulmonary edema, ventricular arrhythmias.

Drug Interactions

Antagonizes effect of agents that lower blood pressure. Severe hypertension with MAOIs and possibly tricyclic antidepressants. Additive vasoconstricting effects with ergot alkaloids, oxytocin.

Potentially Fatal: Risk of abnormal heart rhythm in people undergoing anesthesia with cyclopropane and halothane.

References

↑ WHITTINGTON RM (May 1963). "Mephentemine Sulphate as a Hypertensive Agent in General Practice". J Coll Gen Pract. 6 (2): 336–7. PMC 1878111. PMID 14000433.

Template:Cardiac stimulants excluding cardiac glycosides

Template:Cardiovascular-drug-stub

[pmid14000433-1] WHITTINGTON RM (May 1963). "Mephentemine Sulphate as a Hypertensive Agent in General Practice". J Coll Gen Pract. 6 (2): 336–7. PMC 1878111. PMID 14000433.

[1]

@@ Line 32: / Line 32: @@
 '''Mephentermine''' is a [[cardiac stimulant]].  It was formerly used in Wyamine nasal decongestant inhalers and before that as a stimulant in psychiatry.
-It has been used as a treatment for [[hypotension]].<ref name="pmid14000433">{{cite journal |author=WHITTINGTON RM |title=Mephentemine Sulphate as a Hypertensive Agent in General Practice |journal=J Coll Gen Pract |volume=6 |issue= 2|pages=336–7 |date=May 1963 |pmid=14000433 |pmc=1878111 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
+It has been used as a treatment for [[hypotension|low blood pressure]].<ref name="pmid14000433">{{cite journal |author=WHITTINGTON RM |title=Mephentemine Sulphate as a Hypertensive Agent in General Practice |journal=J Coll Gen Pract |volume=6 |issue= 2|pages=336–7 |date=May 1963 |pmid=14000433 |pmc=1878111 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
+'''ATC Classification:''' 	C01CA11 - mephentermine ; Belongs to the class of adrenergic and dopaminergic cardiac stimulants excluding [[glycoside]]s. Used in the treatment of [[heart failure]].
+==Mechanism of Action==
+Mephentermine appears to act by indirect stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors causing the release of [[norepinephrine]] from its storage sites. It has a positive [[Inotrope|inotropic]] effect on the [[myocardium]]. AV conduction and refractory period of [[Atrioventricular node|AV node]] is shortened with an increase in ventricular conduction velocity. It dilates arteries and arterioles in the skeletal muscle and mesenteric vascular beds, leading to an increase in venous return.
+'''Onset:''' 5-15 minutes (IM), immediate (IV).
+'''Duration:''' 4 hr (IM), 30 minutes (IV).
+==Indication & Dosage==
+'''Maintenance of blood pressure in hypotensive states'''
+Adult: 30-45 mg as a single dose, repeated as necessary or followed by IV infusion of 0.1% mephentermine in 5% dextrose, rate and duration of administration will depend on patient's response.
+'''Hypotension secondary to spinal anaesthesia in obstetric patients'''
+Adult: 15 mg as a single dose, repeat if needed.
+==Caution==
+===Contraindications===
+Low blood pressure caused by [[phenothiazine]]s. [[Hypertension]]. [[Pheochromocytoma]].
+===Special Precautions===
+Patient on [[Monoamine oxidase inhibitor|MAOIs]].
+For shock due to loss of blood or fluid, give fluid replacement therapy primarily, CVS disease, hypertension, [[hyperthyroidism]], chronic illnesses, lactation, pregnancy.
+===Adverse Drug Reactions===
+Drowsiness, incoherence, hallucinations, convulsions, fast heart rate. Fear, anxiety, restlessness, tremor, insomnia, confusion, irritability, and psychosis. Nausea, vomiting, reduced appetite, urinary retention, dyspnea, weakness.
+'''Potentially Fatal:''' AV block, CNS stimulation. Cerebral hemorrhage and pulmonary edema, ventricular arrhythmias.
+===Drug Interactions===
+Antagonizes effect of agents that lower blood pressure. Severe hypertension with MAOIs and possibly [[tricyclic antidepressant]]s. Additive vasoconstricting effects with [[ergot]] alkaloids, [[oxytocin]].
+'''Potentially Fatal:''' Risk of abnormal heart rhythm in people undergoing anesthesia with [[cyclopropane]] and [[halothane]].
 ==References==
-{{reflist|2}}
+{{Reflist|2}}
-{{Adrenergic agonists}}
 {{Cardiac stimulants excluding cardiac glycosides}}
+{{Adrenergics}}
-[[Category:Amphetamines]]
+[[Category:Drug]]
+[[Category:Substituted amphetamines]]
+[[Category:Alpha-adrenergic agonists]]
+[[Category:Cardiac stimulants]]
+[[Category:Norepinephrine releasing agents]]
 [[Category:Decongestants]]
-[[Category:Cardiovascular Drugs]]
-[[Category:Drug]]
+{{cardiovascular-drug-stub}}

v t e Adrenergic receptor modulators
α₁	Agonists: 6-FNE Amidephrine Anisodine Buspirone Cirazoline Corbadrine Desglymidodrine Dexisometheptene Dipivefrine Dopamine Droxidopa (L-DOPS) Ephedrine Epinephrine Etilefrine Etilevodopa Ethylnorepinephrine Indanidine Isometheptene L-DOPA (levodopa) L-Phenylalanine L-Tyrosine Melevodopa Metaraminol Methoxamine Methyldopa Midodrine Naphazoline Norepinephrine Octopamine (drug) Oxymetazoline Phenylephrine Phenylpropanolamine Pseudoephedrine Synephrine Tetryzoline Tiamenidine XP21279 Xylometazoline Antagonists: Abanoquil Adimolol Ajmalicine Alfuzosin Amosulalol Anisodamine Arotinolol Atiprosin Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., brexpiprazole, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone) Benoxathian Buflomedil Bunazosin Carvedilol Corynanthine Dapiprazole Domesticine Doxazosin Ergolines (e.g., ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, lisuride, terguride) Etoperidone Eugenodilol Fenspiride Hydroxyzine Indoramin Ketanserin L-765,314 Labetalol mCPP Mepiprazole Metazosin Monatepil Moxisylyte Naftopidil Nantenine Neldazosin Niaprazine Nicergoline Niguldipine Pardoprunox Pelanserin Perlapine Phendioxan Phenoxybenzamine Phentolamine Phenylpiperazine antidepressants (e.g., hydroxynefazodone, nefazodone, trazodone, triazoledione) Piperoxan Prazosin Quinazosin Quinidine Ritanserin Silodosin Spiperone Talipexole Tamsulosin Terazosin Tiodazosin Tolazoline Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine, maprotiline, mianserin) Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline, clomipramine, doxepin, imipramine, trimipramine) Trimazosin Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, loxapine, thioridazine) Urapidil WB-4101 Zolertine
α₂	Agonists: (R)-3-Nitrobiphenyline 4-NEMD 6-FNE Amitraz Apraclonidine Brimonidine Cannabivarin Clonidine Corbadrine Detomidine Dexmedetomidine Dihydroergotamine Dipivefrine Dopamine Droxidopa (L-DOPS) Etilevodopa Ephedrine Ergotamine Epinephrine Etilefrine Ethylnorepinephrine Guanabenz Guanfacine Guanoxabenz L-DOPA (levodopa) L-Phenylalanine L-Tyrosine Lofexidine Medetomidine Melevodopa Methyldopa Mivazerol Naphazoline Norepinephrine Oxymetazoline Phenylpropanolamine Piperoxan Pseudoephedrine Rezatomidine Rilmenidine Romifidine Talipexole Tasipimidine Tetrahydrozoline Tiamenidine Tizanidine Tolonidine Urapidil Vatinoxan XP21279 Xylazine Xylometazoline Antagonists: 1-PP Adimolol Amesergide Aptazapine Atipamezole Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., asenapine, brexpiprazole, clozapine, lurasidone, paliperidone, quetiapine, risperidone, zotepine) Azapirones (e.g., buspirone, gepirone, ipsapirone, tandospirone) BRL-44408 Buflomedil Cirazoline Efaroxan Esmirtazapine Fenmetozole Fluparoxan Idazoxan mCPP Mianserin Mirtazapine NAN-190 Olanzapine Pardoprunox Phentolamine Phenoxybenzamine Piperoxan Piribedil Rauwolscine Rotigotine SB-269970 Setiptiline Spiroxatrine Sunepitron Tolazoline Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, loxapine, thioridazine) Yohimbine
β	Agonists: Abediterol Alifedrine Amibegron Arbutamine Arformoterol Arotinolol BAAM Bambuterol Befunolol Bitolterol Broxaterol Buphenine Carbuterol Carmoterol Cimaterol Clenbuterol Colterol Corbadrine Denopamine Dipivefrine Dobutamine Dopamine Dopexamine Droxidopa (L-DOPS) Ephedrine Epinephrine Etafedrine Etilefrine Etilevodopa Ethylnorepinephrine Fenoterol Formoterol Hexoprenaline Higenamine Indacaterol Isoetarine Isoprenaline Isoxsuprine L-DOPA (levodopa) L-Phenylalanine L-Tyrosine Levosalbutamol Mabuterol Melevodopa Methoxyphenamine Methyldopa Mirabegron Norepinephrine Orciprenaline Oxyfedrine PF-610355 Phenylpropanolamine Pirbuterol Prenalterol Ractopamine Procaterol Pseudoephedrine Reproterol Rimiterol Ritodrine Salbutamol Salmeterol Solabegron Terbutaline Tretoquinol Tulobuterol Vilanterol Xamoterol XP21279 Zilpaterol Zinterol Antagonists: Acebutolol Adaprolol Adimolol Afurolol Alprenolol Alprenoxime Amosulalol Ancarolol Arnolol Arotinolol Atenolol Befunolol Betaxolol Bevantolol Bisoprolol Bopindolol Bornaprolol Brefonalol Bucindolol Bucumolol Bufetolol Bufuralol Bunitrolol Bunolol Bupranolol Butaxamine Butidrine Butofilolol Capsinolol Carazolol Carpindolol Carteolol Carvedilol Celiprolol Cetamolol Cicloprolol Cinamolol Cloranolol Cyanopindolol Dalbraminol Dexpropranolol Diacetolol Dichloroisoprenaline Dihydroalprenolol Dilevalol Diprafenone Draquinolol Ecastolol Epanolol Ericolol Ersentilide Esatenolol Esprolol Eugenodilol Exaprolol Falintolol Flestolol Flusoxolol Hydroxycarteolol Hydroxytertatolol ICI-118,551 Idropranolol Indenolol Indopanolol Iodocyanopindolol Iprocrolol Isoxaprolol Isamoltane Labetalol Landiolol Levobetaxolol Levobunolol Levomoprolol Medroxalol Mepindolol Metipranolol Metoprolol Moprolol Nadolol Nadoxolol Nebivolol Nifenalol Nipradilol Oxprenolol Pacrinolol Pafenolol Pamatolol Pargolol Penbutolol Pindolol Practolol Primidolol Procinolol Pronethalol Propafenone Propranolol Ridazolol Ronactolol Soquinolol Sotalol Spirendolol SR 59230A Sulfinalol Talinolol Tazolol Tertatolol Tienoxolol Tilisolol Timolol Tiprenolol Tolamolol Toliprolol Xibenolol Xipranolol

Clinical data

ATC code	C01CA11 (WHO)
Identifiers
IUPAC name N,2-dimethyl-1-phenylpropan-2-amine
PubChem CID	3677
E number	{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard	{{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 36: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₁₁H₁₇N
Molar mass	163.259 g/mol