Congestive heart failure causes: Difference between revisions

	Congestive Heart Failure Microchapters
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Latest revision as of 21:05, 29 July 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

There are several classification schemes used to characterize the pathophysiology of heart failure as either systolic vs diastolic; left vs right; or low output vs high output. The anatomic structure underlying the disease process is often characterized as well. The causes of heart failure are also often characterized by their chronicity (acute/decompensated or chronic).

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. Congestive heart failure is life threatening and should be treated as such irrespective of the underlying cause.

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Aortic regurgitation, aortic stenosis, arrhythmias, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, arteriovenous fistula, atrial fibrillation, atrial septal defect, cardiac amyloidosis, cardiac aneurysm, congenital heart disease, constrictive pericarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, Eisenmenger syndrome, endocarditis, hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, interferon gamma, ischemic heart disease, malignant hypertension, mitral regurgitation, mitral stenosis, myocardial infarction, oxaprozin, patent ductus arteriosus, pericardial effusion, pericardial tamponade, pericarditis, peripartum cardiomyopathy, pertuzumab, restrictive cardiomyopathy, rheumatic carditis, rupture of the papillary muscles, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, tricuspid insufficiency, valvular heart disease, ventricular aneurysm, ventricular septal defect
Chemical/Poisoning	Ethylene glycol
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Ado-trastuzumab emtansine, bicalutamide,bicisate dihydrochloride, carfilzomib, certolizumab pegol, cidofovir, cinacalcet, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone, diclofenac (patch), disulfiram,dornase alfa, doxorubicin hydrochloride, epirubicin , epoetin alfa, felbamate, ferumoxytol, flurbiprofen, goserelin, hydroxyethyl starch, ibuprofen lysine, idarubicin hydrochloride, idursulfase, imatinib, ixabepilone, levothyroxine, mefenamic acid, meloxicam, meropenem, methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta, methylprednisolone, metoclopramide, mitomycin, mitoxantrone, muromonab-CD3, nilutamide, nitroglycerin,oprelvekin, oxcarbazepine, Peginterferon Beta-1a,pergolide, phenylbutazone, piroxicam, ponatinib hydrochloride, pramipexole, prednisone, prednisolone, rubidium Rb 82, sorafenib, sulindac, sunitinib malate, tolmetin, trastuzumab, valdecoxib, vandetanib
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyrotoxicosis
Environmental	Coalworker's pneumoconiosis, silicosis
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	Atrial septal defect, congenital heart disease, Friedreich's ataxia, glycogen storage disease, Marfan's syndrome, Mulibrey nanism syndrome, muscular dystrophy, Noonan syndrome, ventricular septal defect
Hematologic	Severe anemia
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	Endocarditis, human immunodeficiency virus, Lyme disease, pericarditis, rheumatic carditis, rheumatic fever, sepsis, viral myocarditis, Whipple's disease
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic	Ascorbic acid deficiency, beriberi, carnitine deficiency, glycogen storage disease, hemochromatosis, metabolic acidosis, Paget's disease
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Pancoast tumor
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	Alcohol, atenolol, dronedarone, imatinib mesylate, propranolol, verapamil
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Coalworker's pneumoconiosis, cor pulmonale, hypoxia, Pickwickian syndrome, pulmonary artery stenosis, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary valve stenosis, pulmonary vein stenosis, pulmonic regurgitation, silicosis
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheum/Immune/Allergy	Cardiac amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, systemic lupus erythematosus
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

Template:WikiDoc Sources

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 | [[Heart failure resident survival guide|'''Resident'''<br>'''Survival'''<br>'''Guide''']]
 |}
 {{Congestive heart failure}}
 {{CMG}}
 ==Overview==
 There are several classification schemes used to characterize the pathophysiology of heart failure as either [[systolic dysfunction|systolic]] vs [[diastolic dysfunction|diastolic]]; left vs right; or low output vs [[High output failure|high output]].  The anatomic structure underlying the disease process is often characterized as well.  The causes of heart failure are also often characterized by their chronicity (acute/decompensated or chronic).
 ==Causes==
 ===Life Threatening Causes===
-Congestive heart failure is life threatening and should be treated as such irrespective of the underlying cause
+Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.  Congestive heart failure is life threatening and should be treated as such irrespective of the underlying cause.
 ===Common Causes===
 *[[Arrhythmias]]
 *[[Cardiomyopathy|Cardiomyopathies]]
-*[[Cardiotoxicity|Cardiotoxins]] e.g., [[alcohol]], [[cocaine]]
+*[[Cardiotoxicity|Cardiotoxins (e.g., alcohol, cocaine, aprotinin)]]
 *[[Congenital heart disease]]
 *[[Hypertension]]
@@ Line 29: / Line 28: @@
 ===Causes by Organ System===
-{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
+{|style="width:75%; height:100px" border="1"
 |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
-|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |[[Aortic regurgitation]], [[aortic stenosis]], [[arrhythmias]], [[arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia]], [[arteriovenous fistula]], [[atrial fibrillation]], [[atrial septal defect]], [[cardiac amyloidosis]], [[aneurysm|cardiac aneurysm]], [[congenital heart disease]], [[constrictive pericarditis]], [[dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[eisenmenger syndrome]], [[endocarditis]], [[hypertension]], [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[hypoplastic left heart syndrome]], [[ischemic heart disease]], [[malignant hypertension]], [[mitral regurgitation]], [[mitral stenosis]], [[myocardial infarction]], [[patent ductus arteriosus]], [[pericardial effusion]], [[pericardial tamponade]], [[pericarditis]], [[peripartum cardiomyopathy]], [[restrictive cardiomyopathy]], [[rheumatic fever|rheumatic carditis]], [[rupture of the papillary muscles]], [[Takotsubo cardiomyopathy]], [[tricuspid insufficiency]], [[valvular heart disease]], [[ventricular aneurysm]], [[ventricular septal defect]]
+|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |[[Aortic regurgitation]], [[aortic stenosis]], [[arrhythmias]], [[arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia]], [[arteriovenous fistula]], [[atrial fibrillation]], [[atrial septal defect]], [[cardiac amyloidosis]], [[aneurysm|cardiac aneurysm]], [[congenital heart disease]], [[constrictive pericarditis]], [[dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[Eisenmenger syndrome]], [[endocarditis]], [[hypertension]], [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[hypoplastic left heart syndrome]], [[interferon gamma]], [[ischemic heart disease]], [[malignant hypertension]], [[mitral regurgitation]], [[mitral stenosis]], [[myocardial infarction]], [[oxaprozin]], [[patent ductus arteriosus]], [[pericardial effusion]], [[pericardial tamponade]], [[pericarditis]], [[peripartum cardiomyopathy]], [[pertuzumab]], [[restrictive cardiomyopathy]], [[rheumatic fever|rheumatic carditis]], [[rupture of the papillary muscles]], [[Takotsubo cardiomyopathy]], [[tricuspid insufficiency]], [[valvular heart disease]], [[ventricular aneurysm]], [[ventricular septal defect]]
 |-
 |bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
@@ Line 46: / Line 45: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Drug Side Effect'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carfilzomib]], [[Cinacalcet]], [[Cyclophosphamide]], [[Dexamethasone]], [[Disulfiram]], [[Doxorubicin Hydrochloride]], [[Epoetin Alfa]], [[Imatinib]], [[Levothyroxine]], [[Mefenamic acid]], [[Meloxicam]], [[Methylprednisolone]], [[Metoclopramide]],  [[Oxcarbazepine]], [[Phenylbutazone]], [[Piroxicam]], [[Pramipexole]], [[prednisone]], [[prednisolone]], [[Sorafenib]], [[Sulindac]], [[Sunitinib malate]], [[Trastuzumab]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"|  [[Ado-trastuzumab emtansine]], [[bicalutamide]],[[bicisate dihydrochloride]], [[carfilzomib]], [[certolizumab pegol]], [[cidofovir]], [[cinacalcet]], [[cyclophosphamide]], [[dexamethasone]], [[diclofenac (patch)]], [[disulfiram]],[[dornase alfa]], [[doxorubicin hydrochloride]], [[epirubicin ]],  [[epoetin alfa]], [[felbamate]], [[ferumoxytol]], [[flurbiprofen]], [[goserelin]], [[hydroxyethyl starch]], [[ibuprofen lysine]], [[idarubicin hydrochloride]], [[idursulfase]], [[imatinib]], [[ixabepilone]], [[levothyroxine]], [[mefenamic acid]], [[meloxicam]], [[meropenem]], [[methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta]], [[methylprednisolone]], [[metoclopramide]], [[mitomycin]], [[mitoxantrone]], [[muromonab-CD3]], [[nilutamide]], [[nitroglycerin]],[[oprelvekin]], [[oxcarbazepine]], [[Peginterferon Beta-1a]],[[pergolide]], [[phenylbutazone]], [[piroxicam]],  [[ponatinib hydrochloride]], [[pramipexole]], [[prednisone]], [[prednisolone]], [[rubidium Rb 82]], [[sorafenib]], [[sulindac]], [[sunitinib malate]], [[tolmetin]], [[trastuzumab]], [[valdecoxib]], [[vandetanib]]
 |-
@@ Line 79: / Line 78: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Infectious Disease'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Endocarditis]], [[human immunodeficiency virus]], [[Lyme disease]], [[pericarditis]], [[rheumatic fever|rheumatic carditis]], [[rheumatic fever]], [[sepsis]], [[viral myocarditis]], [[Whipple's disease]]
-[[Endocarditis]],
-[[human immunodeficiency virus]],
-[[Lyme disease]],
-[[pericarditis]],
-[[rheumatic fever|rheumatic carditis]],
-[[rheumatic fever]],
-[[sepsis]],
-[[viral myocarditis]],
-[[Whipple's disease]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 100: / Line 90: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ascorbic acid deficiency]], [[beriberi]], [[carnitine deficiency]], [[glycogen storage disease]], [[hemochromatosis]], [[metabolic acidosis]], [[Paget's disease]]
-[[Ascorbic acid deficiency]],
-[[beriberi]],
-[[carnitine deficiency]],
-[[glycogen storage disease]],
-[[hemochromatosis]],
-[[metabolic acidosis]],
-[[Paget's disease]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 123: / Line 106: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alcohol]], [[atenolol]], [[dronedarone]], [[imatinib mesylate]], [[propranolol]], [[verapamil]]
-[[Alcohol]],
-[[atenolol]],
-[[dronedarone]],
-[[imatinib mesylate]],
-[[propranolol]],
-[[verapamil]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 137: / Line 114: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Pulmonary'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Coalworker's pneumoconiosis]], [[cor pulmonale]], [[hypoxia]], [[Pickwickian syndrome]], [[pulmonary artery stenosis]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[pulmonary fibrosis]], [[pulmonary hypertension]], [[pulmonary valve stenosis]], [[pulmonary vein stenosis]], [[pulmonic regurgitation]], [[silicosis]]
-[[Coalworker's pneumoconiosis]],
-[[cor pulmonale]],
-[[hypoxia]],
-[[Pickwickian syndrome]],
-[[pulmonary artery stenosis]],
-[[pulmonary embolism]],
-[[pulmonary fibrosis]],
-[[pulmonary hypertension]],
-[[pulmonary valve stenosis]],
-[[pulmonary vein stenosis]],
-[[pulmonic regurgitation]],
-[[silicosis]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 156: / Line 121: @@
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
-| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
+| '''Rheum/Immune/Allergy'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cardiac amyloidosis]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]
-[[Cardiac amyloidosis]],
-[[sarcoidosis]],
-[[systemic lupus erythematosus]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 181: / Line 143: @@
 ===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
-{{col-begin|width=80%}}
+{{columns-list|
-{{col-break|width=33%}}
+*[[Ado-trastuzumab emtansine]]
 *[[Alcoholism]]
 *[[Anemia]]
@@ Line 195: / Line 157: @@
 *[[Atrial septal defect]]
 *[[Beriberi]]
+*[[Bicalutamide]]
+*[[Bicisate dihydrochloride]]
 *[[Cardiac amyloidosis]]
 *[[Aneurysm|Cardiac aneurysm]]
 *[[Carfilzomib]]
 *[[Carnitine deficiency]]
+*[[Certolizumab pegol]]
+*[[Cidofovir]]
+*[[Cinacalcet]]
 *[[Coalworker's pneumoconiosis]]
 *[[Congenital heart disease]]
@@ Line 206: / Line 173: @@
 *[[Dexamethasone]]
 *[[Diabetes mellitus]]
+*[[Diclofenac (patch)]]
 *[[Dilated cardiomyopathy]]
+*[[Disulfiram]]
+*[[Dornase alfa]]
 *[[Doxorubicin Hydrochloride]]
 *[[Dronedarone]]
 *[[Eisenmenger syndrome]]
 *[[Endocarditis]]
+*[[Epirubicin]]
+*[[Epoetin alfa]]
 *[[Ethylene glycol]]
+*[[Felbamate]]
+*[[Ferumoxytol]]
+*[[Flurbiprofen]]
 *[[Friedreich's ataxia]]
 *[[Glycogen storage disease]]
+*[[Goserelin]]
 *[[Hemochromatosis]]
 *[[Human immunodeficiency virus]]
+*[[Hydroxyethyl starch]]
 *[[Hypertension]]
 *[[Hyperthyroidism]]
@@ Line 222: / Line 199: @@
 *[[Hypothyroidism]]
 *[[Hypoxia]]
+*[[Idarubicin hydrochloride]]
+*[[Ibuprofen lysine]]
+*[[Idursulfase]]
 *[[Imatinib mesylate]]
+*[[Interferon gamma]]
 *[[Ischemic heart disease]]
+*[[Ixabepilone]]
+*[[Levothyroxine]]
 *[[Lyme disease]]
 *[[Malignant hypertension]]
 *[[Marfan's syndrome]]
+*[[Mefenamic acid]]
 *[[Meloxicam]]
+*[[Meropenem]]
 *[[Metabolic acidosis]]
-{{col-break|width=33%}}
+*[[Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta]]
+*[[Methylprednisolone]]
+*[[Metoclopramide]]
+*[[Mitomycin]]
+*[[Mitoxantrone]]
 *[[Mitral regurgitation]]
 *[[Mitral stenosis]]
 *[[Mulibrey nanism|Mulibrey nanism syndrome]]
+*[[Muromonab-CD3]]
 *[[Muscular dystrophy]]
 *[[Myocardial infarction]]
+*[[Nilutamide]]
+*[[Nitroglycerin]]
 *[[Noonan syndrome]]
+*[[Oprelvekin]]
+*[[Oxaprozin]]
 *[[Paget's disease]]
 *[[Pancoast's tumor]]
 *[[Patent ductus arteriosus]]
+*[[Peginterferon Beta-1a]]
+*[[Pergolide]]
 *[[Pericardial effusion]]
 *[[Pericardial tamponade]]
@@ Line 246: / Line 242: @@
 *[[Pickwickian syndrome]]
 *[[Piroxicam]]
-*[[Pneumococcal Vaccine 13-Valent]] ([[Prevnar 13]]): in infants and toddlers
+*[[Ponatinib hydrochloride]]
+*[[Pneumococcal Vaccine 13-Valent]] ([[Prevnar 13]])
+*[[Pramipexole]]
 *[[Propranolol]]
 *[[Prednisone]]
+*[[Prednisolone]]
 *[[Pulmonary artery stenosis]]
 *[[Pulmonary embolism]]
@@ Line 259: / Line 258: @@
 *[[Rheumatic fever|Rheumatic carditis]]
 *[[Rheumatic fever]]
+*[[Rubidium Rb 82]]
 *[[Rupture of the papillary muscles]]
 *[[Sarcoidosis]]
@@ Line 264: / Line 264: @@
 *[[Silicosis]]
 *[[Sorafenib]]
+*[[Sulindac]]
 *[[Sunitinib malate]]
 *[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
 *[[Takotsubo cardiomyopathy]]
 *[[Thyrotoxicosis]]
+*[[Tolmetin]]
 *[[Trastuzumab]]
 *[[Tricuspid insufficiency]]
+*[[Valdecoxib]]
+*[[Vandetanib]]
 *[[Valvular heart disease]]
 *[[Ventricular aneurysm]]
@@ Line 276: / Line 280: @@
 *[[Viral myocarditis]]
 *[[Whipple's disease]]
+}}
-{{col-end}}
 ==References==
 {{Reflist|2}}
+{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
+{{WikiDoc Sources}}
 [[Category:Cardiology]]
@@ Line 289: / Line 292: @@
 [[Category:Intensive care medicine]]
 [[Category:Medicine]]
-[[Category:Primary care]]
 [[Category:Up-To-Date]]
 [[Category:Up-To-Date cardiology]]
 [[Category:Crowdiagnosis]]
-{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
-{{WikiDoc Sources}}