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__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{SI}}
{{SI}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{LRO}}
 
<br><br>'''To view a comprehensive algorithm of common findings of urine composition and urine output, click [[Urine#Algorithm of Common Urinary Findings|here]]'''<br>
==Overview==
==Overview==


==Causes==
==Causes==
 
<div style="-webkit-user-select: none;">
===Life Threatening Causes===
===Life Threatening Causes===
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
*[[Acute kidney failure ]]
 
*[[Acute promyelocytic leukemia ]]
*[[Aloe poisoning ]]
*[[Bacterial endocarditis]]
*[[Baneberry poisoning]]
*[[Barraquer-simons syndrome ]]
*[[Bladder cancer ]]
*[[Bolivian hemorrhagic fever ]]
*[[Cervical cancer ]]
*[[Choriocarcinoma]]
*[[Chromophil renal cell carcinoma ]]
*[[Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma ]]
*[[Chronic kidney disease ]]
*[[Clear cell renal cell carcinoma ]]
*[[Familial renal cell carcinoma ]]
*[[Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix ]]
*[[Glomerulopathy ]]
*[[Familial hematuria]]
*[[Familial renal cell carcinoma ]]
*[[Hypertension ]]
*[[Infective endocarditis]]
*[[Interstitial nephritis ]]
*[[Kidney cancer ]]
*[[Liver cancer ]]
*[[Melanoma]]
*[[Membranous nephropathy]]
*[[Oncocytoma]]
*[[Papillary renal cell carcinoma ]]
*[[Penis cancer ]]
*[[Prostate cancer ]]
*[[Renal cancer ]]
*[[Renal failure]]
*[[Renal hypertension]]
*[[Sarcoma botryoides ]]
*[[Tuberculosis ]]
*[[Urachal cancer ]]
*[[Urethral cancer ]]
*[[Urinary system cancer ]]
*[[Wilms tumor ]]


===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
*[[Aclarubicin]]
*[[Acute intermittent porphyria]]
*[[Alkaptonuria]]
*[[Cascara sagrada]]
*[[Chlorzoxazone]]
*[[Cholestatic jaundice]]
*[[Chyluria]]
*[[Congenital erythropoeitic porphyria]]
*[[Dantron]]
*[[Deferiprone]]
*[[Doxorubicin]]
*[[Entacapone]]
*[[Haematuria]]
*[[Hartnup disease]]
*[[Idarubicin]]
*[[Maple syrup urine disease]]
*[[Melanoma]]
*[[Mepacrine]]
*[[Methaemoglobinaemia]]
*[[Metronidazole]]
*[[Mitoxantrone]]
*[[Myoglobinuria]]
*[[Nefopam]]
*[[Oxamniquine]]
*[[Parkinson disease]]
*[[Phenazopyridine]]
*[[Phenolphthalein]]
*[[Phensuximide]]
*[[Pixantrone]]
*[[Rhabdomyolysis]]
*[[Rifabutin]]
*[[Rifampicin]]
*[[Sulphasalazine]]


===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Angiopathy]],  [[Bacterial endocarditis]],  [[Hypertension ]],  [[Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis]],  [[Infective endocarditis]],  [[Leukocytoclastic angiitis ]],  [[Norum disease]],  [[Renal hypertension]],  [[Renovascular hypertension ]],  [[Vasculitis hypersensitivity ]],  [[Vasculitis ]],  [[Wegener's granulomatosis ]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[2-butoxyethanol ]],  [[3,3-dichlorobenzidine]],  [[4,4-methylenebis ]],  [[4-aminodiphenyl ]],  [[Acetic acid ]],  [[Aclarubicin]],  [[Aloe poisoning ]],  [[Anticoagulant rodenticide ]],  [[Antifreeze ]],  [[Arsine]],  [[Baneberry poisoning]],  [[Breynia officinalis poisoning]],  [[Carbon tetrachloride ]],  [[Caterpillar complication poisoning ]],  [[Chloromethane ]],  [[Chlorophacinone rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Chlorzoxazone]],  [[Chromium]],  [[Colchicine poisoning ]],  [[Copper toxicity ]],  [[Copperhead snake poisoning ]],  [[Coumachlor rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Coumafuryl rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Coumatetralyl rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Cresols ]],  [[Cresylic acid ]],  [[Crotalidae snake poisoning ]],  [[Dantron]],  [[Deferiprone]],  [[Difenacoum rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Difethialone rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Diphacinone rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Ethylene glycol ]],  [[Eugenol oil poisoning ]],  [[Finale rodenticide poisoning]],  [[Flocoumafen rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Folgorat rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Gasoline ]],  [[Glyphosate]],  [[Havoc rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Indandione rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Juniper tar poisoning ]],  [[Klerat rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Matikus rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Monosodium methanarsenate ]],  [[Mouser rodenticide poisoninge]],  [[Naked brimcap poisoning ]],  [[Pennyroyal oil]],  [[Peppermint oil ]],  [[Petroleum distillates ]],  [[Pindone rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Ratak plus rodenticide poisoning]],  [[Rhubarb ]],  [[Rodend rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Rue]],  [[Senna ]],  [[Talon rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Toxic mushrooms ]],  [[Turpentine oil ]],  [[Volak rodenticide poisoning ]],  [[Volid rodenticide poisoning ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
Line 27: Line 97:
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cholestatic jaundice]],  [[Congenital erythropoeitic porphyria]],  [[Melanoma]],  [[Obstructive jaundice]],  [[Porphyria ]],  [[Toxic epidermal necrolysis ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Deferiprone]], [[Entacapone]], [[Fluorescein sodium]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aldrin ]], [[Benzene ]],  [[Benzidine ]],  [[Brodifacoum ]],  [[Bromadiolone ]],  [[Cascara sagrada]],  [[Clinitest tablet ]],  [[Dieldrin ]],  [[Doxorubicin]],  [[Entacapone]], [[Golden seal ]],  [[Idarubicin]],  [[Mepacrine]],  [[Metronidazole]],  [[Mitoxantrone]],  [[Naphthalene ]],  [[Nefopam]],  [[Nitrates ]],  [[Oral contraceptives]],  [[Oxamniquine]],  [[Phenazopyridine]],  [[Phenol ]],  [[Phenolphthalein]],  [[Phensuximide]],  [[Phosphine ]],  [[Pixantrone]],  [[Rifabutin]],  [[Rifampicin]],  [[Southworth symptom complex]],  [[Sulphasalazine]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
Line 39: Line 109:
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypercalciuria]],  [[Oral contraceptives]],  [[Pelvic lipomatosis ]],  [[Urod-related porphyria cutanea tarda]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Kidney stones ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bile in urine]],  [[Choriocarcinoma]],  [[Diarrhea ]],  [[Genitourinary infections ]],  [[Hellp syndrome ]],  [[Jaundice ]],  [[Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency ]],  [[Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency]],  [[Liver cancer ]],  [[Neoplastic porphyria tarda ]],  [[Obstructive jaundice]],  [[Schistosomiasis ]],  [[Urachal cancer ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alkaptonuria]],  [[Alport syndrome ]],  [[Complement component deficiency]],  [[Congenital afibrinogenemia ]],  [[Congenital megalo-ureter ]],  [[Dyschondrosteosis ]],  [[Fechtner syndrome]],  [[Fibrinogen deficiency]],  [[Hartnup disease]],  [[Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia ]],  [[Herns syndrome ]],  [[Meier-blumberg-imahorn syndrome ]],  [[Nail-patella syndrome ]],  [[Oxalosis ]],  [[Thalassemia ]],  [[Urban schosser spohn syndrome ]],  [[Wilson's disease ]],  [[Xanthine oxydase deficiency ]],  [[Xanthinuria]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute promyelocytic leukemia ]],  [[Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency ]],  [[Anemia]],  [[Barraquer-simons syndrome ]],  [[Benign familial hematuria ]],  [[Blood in urine ]],  [[Bolivian hemorrhagic fever ]],  [[Congenital aplastic anemia ]],  [[Defibrination syndrome ]],  [[Diabetes insipidus ]],  [[Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia ]],  [[Factor v quebec ]],  [[Factor x deficiency ]],  [[Familial hematuria]],  [[Fibrinogen deficiency]],  [[Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency ]],  [[Haematuria]],  [[Hellp syndrome ]],  [[Hemoglobinuria]],  [[Hemolytic uremic syndrome]],  [[Hemophilia ]],  [[Henoch-schonlein purpura ]],  [[Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia ]],  [[Immune thrombocytopenic purpura ]],  [[Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency ]],  [[Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency]],  [[Leukocytoclastic angiitis ]],  [[Machupo virus ]],  [[Methaemoglobinaemia]],  [[Myoglobinuria]],  [[Quebec platelet disorder]],  [[Stuart factor deficiency]],  [[Thalassemia ]],  [[Thrombasthenia ]],  [[Thrombocytopathy ]],  [[Thrombocytopenia]],  [[Thrombocytopenic purpura]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
Line 63: Line 133:
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Argentinean hemorrhagic fever ]],  [[Bacterial endocarditis]],  [[Bolivian hemorrhagic fever ]],  [[Genitourinary infections ]],  [[Gnathostoma hispidum infection ]],  [[Gnathostoma spinigerum infection ]],  [[Gonorrhea ]],  [[Hepatitis a ]],  [[Hepatitis b ]],  [[Hepatitis c ]],  [[Honeymoon bladder ]],  [[Infective endocarditis]],  [[Machupo virus ]],  [[Malaria ]],  [[Paragonimiases ]],  [[Prostatic abscess ]],  [[Prostatitis ]],  [[Renal abscess ]],  [[Renal mucormycosis ]],  [[Renal zygmycosis ]],  [[Schistosomiasis ]],  [[Spirochetes disease ]],  [[Torulopsis ]],  [[Trichosporin infection ]],  [[Tuberculosis ]],  [[Urachal cyst ]],  [[Urinary tract infections ]],  [[Weil syndrome ]],  [[Xanthic urolithiasis ]],  [[Yellow fever ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Malignant rhabdoid tumors ]],  [[Myoglobinuria]],  [[Pelvic fracture ]],  [[Rhabdoid tumor ]],  [[Rhabdomyolysis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Coloboma]],  [[Parkinson's disease]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Asparagus ]],  [[Beets ]],  [[Blackberries ]],  [[Dehydration ]],  [[Diabetes insipidus ]],  [[Diarrhea ]],  [[Fluorescein sodium]],  [[Leucinosis ]],  [[Maple syrup urine disease]],  [[Toxic mushrooms ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cervical cancer ]],  [[Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute promyelocytic leukemia ]],  [[Bladder cancer]],  [[Cervical cancer ]],  [[Chromophil renal cell carcinoma ]],  [[Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma ]],  [[Clear cell renal cell carcinoma ]],  [[Collecting duct carcinoma ]],  [[Diffuse leiomyomatosis ]],  [[Eosinophilic cystitis]],  [[Familial renal cell carcinoma ]],  [[Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix ]],  [[Hereditary leiomyomatosis ]],  [[Kidney cancer ]],  [[Leiomyomatosis of esophagus]],  [[Liver cancer ]],  [[Malignant rhabdoid tumors ]],  [[Melanoma]],  [[Neoplastic porphyria tarda ]],  [[Oncocytoma]],  [[Papillary renal cell carcinoma ]],  [[Pelvic lipomatosis ]],  [[Penis cancer ]],  [[Phyllodes tumor of the prostate ]],  [[Prostate cancer ]],  [[Prostatic abscess ]],  [[Renal cancer ]],  [[Rhabdoid tumor ]],  [[Rhabdomyolysis]],  [[Sarcoma botryoides ]],  [[Transitional cell cancer]],  [[Transitional cell carcinoma]],  [[Urachal cancer ]],  [[Urachal cyst ]],  [[Ureter cancer ]],  [[Urethral cancer ]],  [[Urinary system cancer ]],  [[Wilms tumor ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Coloboma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
Line 99: Line 169:
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Tuberculosis ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acquired cystic kidney disease]],  [[Acute kidney failure ]],  [[Alport syndrome ]],  [[Amyloidosis]],  [[Analgesic nephropathy syndrome ]],  [[Asparagus ]],  [[Bright's disease ]],  [[Chromophil renal cell carcinoma ]],  [[Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma ]],  [[Chronic kidney disease ]],  [[Clear cell renal cell carcinoma ]],  [[Cystine stone ]],  [[Cystitis ]],  [[Dehydration ]],  [[Diabetic nephropathy ]],  [[Familial renal cell carcinoma ]],  [[Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis ]],  [[Glomerular disease ]],  [[Glomerulonephritis ]],  [[Glomerulopathy ]],  [[Goodpasture's syndrome ]],  [[Hepatorenal tyrosinemia]],  [[Hypercalciuria]],  [[Iga nephropathy ]],  [[Interstitial nephritis ]],  [[Kidney cancer ]],  [[Kidney stones ]],  [[Leucinosis ]],  [[Maple syrup urine disease]],  [[Medullary sponge kidney ]],  [[Membranous nephropathy]],  [[Nephritis ]],  [[Nephrocalcinosis ]],  [[Nephropathy]],  [[Nephrosis ]],  [[Papillary renal cell carcinoma ]],  [[Pierson syndrome ]],  [[Polycystic kidney disease]],  [[Precalicial canalicular ectasia]],  [[Pyelonephritis ]],  [[Reflux nephropathy ]],  [[Renal abscess ]],  [[Renal cancer ]],  [[Renal colic ]],  [[Renal failure]],  [[Renal hypertension]],  [[Renal mucormycosis ]],  [[Renal nutcracker syndrome ]],  [[Renal zygmycosis ]],  [[Renovascular hypertension ]],  [[Salcedo syndrome ]],  [[Stones ]],  [[Urinary stones ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute intermittent porphyria]],  [[Amyloidosis]],  [[Congenital afibrinogenemia ]],  [[Congenital erythropoeitic porphyria]],  [[Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia ]],  [[Henoch-schonlein purpura ]],  [[Immune thrombocytopenic purpura ]],  [[Porphyria ]],  [[Reiter’s syndrome ]],  [[Wegener's granulomatosis ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Gonorrhea ]],  [[Honeymoon bladder ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Crush injury ]],  [[Excessive exercise ]],  [[Heat cramps ]],  [[Medullary sponge kidney ]],  [[Pelvic fracture ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute prostatitis ]],  [[Acute urinary conditions ]],  [[Bile in urine]],  [[Bladder cancer]],  [[Bladder conditions ]],  [[Bladder diverticulum ]],  [[Bladder papilloma ]],  [[Blood in urine ]],  [[Chyluria]],  [[Collecting duct carcinoma ]],  [[Cystinuria ]],  [[Enlarged prostate ]],  [[Fenwick ulcer ]],  [[Hemolytic uremic syndrome]],  [[Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis]],  [[Oncocytoma]],  [[Orchitis ]],  [[Penis cancer ]],  [[Penis conditions ]],  [[Penis tourniquet syndrome ]],  [[Phyllodes tumor of the prostate ]],  [[Prostate cancer ]],  [[Prostatitis ]],  [[Renal colic ]],  [[Ureter cancer ]],  [[Urethral cancer ]],  [[Urinary disorders ]],  [[Urinary stones ]],  [[Urinary system cancer ]],  [[Urinary tract infections ]],  [[Wilms tumor ]],  [[Wilson's disease ]],  [[Xanthic urolithiasis ]],  [[Xanthinuria]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
Line 128: Line 198:


===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{col-begin|width=80%}}
{{columns-list|
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[2-butoxyethanol ]]
* [[Deferiprone]]
*[[3,3-dichlorobenzidine]]
* [[Entacapone]]
*[[4,4-methylenebis ]]
* [[Fluorescein sodium]]
*[[4-aminodiphenyl ]]
 
*[[Acetic acid ]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Aclarubicin]]
 
*[[Acquired cystic kidney disease]]
 
*[[Acute intermittent porphyria]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Acute kidney failure ]]
 
*[[Acute promyelocytic leukemia ]]
{{col-end}}
*[[Acute prostatitis ]]
*[[Acute urinary conditions ]]
*[[Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency ]]
*[[Aldrin ]]
*[[Alkaptonuria]]
*[[Aloe poisoning ]]
*[[Alport syndrome ]]
*[[Amyloidosis]]
*[[Analgesic nephropathy syndrome ]]
*[[Anemia]]
*[[Angiopathy]]
*[[Anticoagulant rodenticide ]]
*[[Antifreeze ]]
*[[Argentinean hemorrhagic fever ]]
*[[Arsine]]
*[[Asparagus ]]
*[[Bacterial endocarditis]]
*[[Baneberry poisoning]]
*[[Barraquer-simons syndrome ]]
*[[Beets ]]
*[[Benign familial hematuria ]]
*[[Benzene ]]
*[[Benzidine ]]
*[[Bile in urine]]
*[[Blackberries ]]
*[[Bladder cancer ]]
*[[Bladder conditions ]]
*[[Bladder diverticulum ]]
*[[Bladder papilloma ]]
*[[Blood in urine ]]
*[[Blue urine]]
*[[Bolivian hemorrhagic fever ]]
*[[Breynia officinalis poisoning]]
*[[Bright's disease ]]
*[[Brodifacoum ]]
*[[Bromadiolone ]]
*[[Carbon tetrachloride ]]
*[[Cascara sagrada]]
*[[Caterpillar complication poisoning ]]
*[[Cervical cancer ]]
*[[Chloromethane ]]
*[[Chlorophacinone rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Chlorzoxazone]]
*[[Cholestatic jaundice]]
*[[Choriocarcinoma]]
*[[Chromium]]
*[[Chromophil renal cell carcinoma ]]
*[[Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma ]]
*[[Chronic kidney disease ]]
*[[Chyluria]]
*[[Clear cell renal cell carcinoma ]]
*[[Clinitest tablet ]]
*[[Colchicine poisoning ]]
*[[Collecting duct carcinoma ]]
*[[Coloboma]]
*[[Complement component deficiency]]
*[[Congenital afibrinogenemia ]]
*[[Congenital aplastic anemia ]]
*[[Congenital erythropoeitic porphyria]]
*[[Congenital megalo-ureter ]]
*[[Copper toxicity ]]
*[[Copperhead snake poisoning ]]
*[[Coumachlor rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Coumafuryl rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Coumatetralyl rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Cresols ]]
*[[Cresylic acid ]]
*[[Crotalidae snake poisoning ]]
*[[Crush injury ]]
*[[Cystine stone ]]
*[[Cystinuria ]]
*[[Cystitis ]]
*[[Dantron]]
*[[Deferiprone]]
*[[Defibrination syndrome ]]
*[[Dehydration ]]
*[[Diabetes insipidus ]]
*[[Diabetic nephropathy ]]
*[[Diarrhea ]]
*[[Dieldrin ]]
*[[Difenacoum rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Difethialone rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Diffuse leiomyomatosis ]]
*[[Diphacinone rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Doxorubicin]]
*[[Dyschondrosteosis ]]
*[[Enlarged prostate ]]
*[[Entacapone]]
*[[Eosinophilic cystitis]]
*[[Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia ]]
*[[Ethylene glycol ]]
*[[Eugenol oil poisoning ]]
*[[Excessive exercise ]]
*[[Factor v quebec ]]
*[[Factor x deficiency ]]
*[[Familial hematuria]]
*[[Familial renal cell carcinoma ]]
*[[Fechtner syndrome]]
*[[Fenwick ulcer ]]
*[[Fibrinogen deficiency]]
*[[Finale rodenticide poisoning]]
*[[Flocoumafen rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Fluorescein sodium]]
*[[Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis ]]
*[[Folgorat rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Gasoline ]]
*[[Genitourinary infections ]]
*[[Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix ]]
*[[Glomerular disease ]]
*[[Glomerulonephritis ]]
*[[Glomerulopathy ]]
*[[Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency ]]
*[[Glyphosate]]
*[[Gnathostoma hispidum infection ]]
*[[Gnathostoma spinigerum infection ]]
*[[Golden seal ]]
*[[Gonorrhea ]]
*[[Goodpasture's syndrome ]]
*[[Haematuria]]
*[[Hartnup's disease]]
*[[Havoc rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Heat cramps ]]
*[[Hellp syndrome ]]
*[[Hemoglobinuria]]
*[[Hemolytic uremic syndrome]]
*[[Hemophilia ]]
*[[Henoch-schonlein purpura ]]
*[[Hepatitis a ]]
*[[Hepatitis b ]]
*[[Hepatitis c ]]
*[[Hepatorenal tyrosinemia]]
*[[Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia ]]
*[[Hereditary leiomyomatosis ]]
*[[Herns syndrome ]]
*[[Honeymoon bladder ]]
*[[Hypercalciuria]]
*[[Hypertension ]]
*[[Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis]]
*[[Idarubicin]]
*[[Iga nephropathy ]]
*[[Immune thrombocytopenic purpura ]]
*[[Indandione rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Infective endocarditis]]
*[[Interstitial nephritis ]]
*[[Jaundice ]]
*[[Juniper tar poisoning ]]
*[[Kidney cancer ]]
*[[Kidney stones ]]
*[[Klerat rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency ]]
*[[Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency]]
*[[Leiomyomatosis of esophagus]]
*[[Leucinosis ]]
*[[Leukocytoclastic angiitis ]]
*[[Liver cancer ]]
*[[Machupo virus ]]
*[[Malaria ]]
*[[Malignant rhabdoid tumors ]]
*[[Maple syrup urine disease]]
*[[Matikus rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Medullary sponge kidney ]]
*[[Meier-blumberg-imahorn syndrome ]]
*[[Melanoma]]
*[[Membranous nephropathy]]
*[[Mepacrine]]
*[[Methaemoglobinaemia]]
*[[Metronidazole]]
*[[Milky urine]]
*[[Mitoxantrone]]
*[[Monosodium methanarsenate ]]
*[[Mouser rodenticide poisoninge]]
*[[Myoglobinuria]]
*[[Nail-patella syndrome ]]
*[[Naked brimcap poisoning ]]
*[[Naphthalene ]]
*[[Nefopam]]
*[[Neoplastic porphyria tarda ]]
*[[Nephritis ]]
*[[Nephrocalcinosis ]]
*[[Nephropathy]]
*[[Nephrosis ]]
*[[Nitrates ]]
*[[Norum disease]]
*[[Obstructive jaundice]]
*[[Oncocytoma]]
*[[Oral contraceptives]]
*[[Orchitis ]]
*[[Oxalosis ]]
*[[Oxamniquine]]
*[[Papillary renal cell carcinoma ]]
*[[Paragonimiases ]]
*[[Parkinson's disease]]
*[[Pelvic fracture ]]
*[[Pelvic lipomatosis ]]
*[[Penis cancer ]]
*[[Penis conditions ]]
*[[Penis tourniquet syndrome ]]
*[[Pennyroyal oil]]
*[[Peppermint oil ]]
*[[Petroleum distillates ]]
*[[Phenazopyridine]]
*[[Phenol ]]
*[[Phenolphthalein]]
*[[Phensuximide]]
*[[Phosphine ]]
*[[Phyllodes tumor of the prostate ]]
*[[Pierson syndrome ]]
*[[Pindone rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Pixantrone]]
*[[Polycystic kidney disease]]
*[[Porphyria ]]
*[[Precalicial canalicular ectasia]]
*[[Prostate cancer ]]
*[[Prostatic abscess ]]
*[[Prostatitis ]]
*[[Pyelonephritis ]]
*[[Quebec platelet disorder]]
*[[Ratak plus rodenticide poisoning]]
*[[Reflux nephropathy ]]
*[[Reiter’s syndrome ]]
*[[Renal abscess ]]
*[[Renal cancer ]]
*[[Renal colic ]]
*[[Renal failure]]
*[[Renal hypertension]]
*[[Renal mucormycosis ]]
*[[Renal nutcracker syndrome ]]
*[[Renal zygmycosis ]]
*[[Renovascular hypertension ]]
*[[Rhabdoid tumor ]]
*[[Rhabdomyolysis]]
*[[Rhubarb ]]
*[[Rifabutin]]
*[[Rifampicin]]
*[[Rodend rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Rue]]
*[[Salcedo syndrome ]]
*[[Sarcoma botryoides ]]
*[[Schistosomiasis ]]
*[[Senna ]]
*[[Southworth symptom complex]]
*[[Spirochetes disease ]]
*[[Stones ]]
*[[Stuart factor deficiency]]
*[[Sulphasalazine]]
*[[Talon rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Thalassemia ]]
*[[Thrombasthenia ]]
*[[Thrombocytopathy ]]
*[[Thrombocytopenia]]
*[[Thrombocytopenic purpura]]
*[[Torulopsis ]]
*[[Toxic epidermal necrolysis ]]
*[[Toxic mushrooms ]]
*[[Transitional cell carcinoma]]
*[[Trichosporin infection ]]
*[[Tuberculosis ]]
*[[Turpentine oil ]]
*[[Urachal cancer ]]
*[[Urachal cyst ]]
*[[Urban schosser spohn syndrome ]]
*[[Ureter cancer ]]
*[[Urethral cancer ]]
*[[Urinary disorders ]]
*[[Urinary stones ]]
*[[Urinary system cancer ]]
*[[Urinary tract infections ]]
*[[Urod-related porphyria cutanea tarda]]
*[[Vasculitis hypersensitivity ]]
*[[Vasculitis ]]
*[[Volak rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Volid rodenticide poisoning ]]
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis ]]
*[[Weil syndrome ]]
*[[Wilms tumor ]]
*[[Wilson's disease ]]
*[[Xanthic urolithiasis ]]
*[[Xanthine oxydase deficiency ]]
*[[Xanthinuria]]
*[[Yellow fever]]
}}
</div>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

Latest revision as of 23:14, 10 January 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

To view a comprehensive algorithm of common findings of urine composition and urine output, click here

Overview

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Angiopathy, Bacterial endocarditis, Hypertension , Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis, Infective endocarditis, Leukocytoclastic angiitis , Norum disease, Renal hypertension, Renovascular hypertension , Vasculitis hypersensitivity , Vasculitis , Wegener's granulomatosis 
Chemical/Poisoning 2-butoxyethanol , 3,3-dichlorobenzidine, 4,4-methylenebis , 4-aminodiphenyl , Acetic acid , Aclarubicin, Aloe poisoning , Anticoagulant rodenticide , Antifreeze , Arsine, Baneberry poisoning, Breynia officinalis poisoning, Carbon tetrachloride , Caterpillar complication poisoning , Chloromethane , Chlorophacinone rodenticide poisoning , Chlorzoxazone, Chromium, Colchicine poisoning , Copper toxicity , Copperhead snake poisoning , Coumachlor rodenticide poisoning , Coumafuryl rodenticide poisoning , Coumatetralyl rodenticide poisoning , Cresols , Cresylic acid , Crotalidae snake poisoning , Dantron, Deferiprone, Difenacoum rodenticide poisoning , Difethialone rodenticide poisoning , Diphacinone rodenticide poisoning , Ethylene glycol , Eugenol oil poisoning , Finale rodenticide poisoning, Flocoumafen rodenticide poisoning , Folgorat rodenticide poisoning , Gasoline , Glyphosate, Havoc rodenticide poisoning , Indandione rodenticide poisoning , Juniper tar poisoning , Klerat rodenticide poisoning , Matikus rodenticide poisoning , Monosodium methanarsenate , Mouser rodenticide poisoninge, Naked brimcap poisoning , Pennyroyal oil, Peppermint oil , Petroleum distillates , Pindone rodenticide poisoning , Ratak plus rodenticide poisoning, Rhubarb , Rodend rodenticide poisoning , Rue, Senna , Talon rodenticide poisoning , Toxic mushrooms , Turpentine oil , Volak rodenticide poisoning , Volid rodenticide poisoning 
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic Cholestatic jaundice, Congenital erythropoeitic porphyria, Melanoma, Obstructive jaundice, Porphyria , Toxic epidermal necrolysis 
Drug Side Effect Aldrin , Benzene , Benzidine , Brodifacoum , Bromadiolone , Cascara sagrada, Clinitest tablet , Dieldrin , Doxorubicin, Entacapone, Golden seal , Idarubicin, Mepacrine, Metronidazole, Mitoxantrone, Naphthalene , Nefopam, Nitrates , Oral contraceptives, Oxamniquine, Phenazopyridine, Phenol , Phenolphthalein, Phensuximide, Phosphine , Pixantrone, Rifabutin, Rifampicin, Southworth symptom complex, Sulphasalazine
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Hypercalciuria, Oral contraceptives, Pelvic lipomatosis , Urod-related porphyria cutanea tarda
Environmental Kidney stones 
Gastroenterologic Bile in urine, Choriocarcinoma, Diarrhea , Genitourinary infections , Hellp syndrome , Jaundice , Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency , Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency, Liver cancer , Neoplastic porphyria tarda , Obstructive jaundice, Schistosomiasis , Urachal cancer 
Genetic Alkaptonuria, Alport syndrome , Complement component deficiency, Congenital afibrinogenemia , Congenital megalo-ureter , Dyschondrosteosis , Fechtner syndrome, Fibrinogen deficiency, Hartnup disease, Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia , Herns syndrome , Meier-blumberg-imahorn syndrome , Nail-patella syndrome , Oxalosis , Thalassemia , Urban schosser spohn syndrome , Wilson's disease , Xanthine oxydase deficiency , Xanthinuria
Hematologic Acute promyelocytic leukemia , Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency , Anemia, Barraquer-simons syndrome , Benign familial hematuria , Blood in urine , Bolivian hemorrhagic fever , Congenital aplastic anemia , Defibrination syndrome , Diabetes insipidus , Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia , Factor v quebec , Factor x deficiency , Familial hematuria, Fibrinogen deficiency, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency , Haematuria, Hellp syndrome , Hemoglobinuria, Hemolytic uremic syndrome, Hemophilia , Henoch-schonlein purpura , Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia , Immune thrombocytopenic purpura , Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency , Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency, Leukocytoclastic angiitis , Machupo virus , Methaemoglobinaemia, Myoglobinuria, Quebec platelet disorder, Stuart factor deficiency, Thalassemia , Thrombasthenia , Thrombocytopathy , Thrombocytopenia, Thrombocytopenic purpura
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Argentinean hemorrhagic fever , Bacterial endocarditis, Bolivian hemorrhagic fever , Genitourinary infections , Gnathostoma hispidum infection , Gnathostoma spinigerum infection , Gonorrhea , Hepatitis a , Hepatitis b , Hepatitis c , Honeymoon bladder , Infective endocarditis, Machupo virus , Malaria , Paragonimiases , Prostatic abscess , Prostatitis , Renal abscess , Renal mucormycosis , Renal zygmycosis , Schistosomiasis , Spirochetes disease , Torulopsis , Trichosporin infection , Tuberculosis , Urachal cyst , Urinary tract infections , Weil syndrome , Xanthic urolithiasis , Yellow fever 
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic Malignant rhabdoid tumors , Myoglobinuria, Pelvic fracture , Rhabdoid tumor , Rhabdomyolysis
Neurologic Coloboma, Parkinson's disease
Nutritional/Metabolic Asparagus , Beets , Blackberries , Dehydration , Diabetes insipidus , Diarrhea , Fluorescein sodium, Leucinosis , Maple syrup urine disease, Toxic mushrooms
Obstetric/Gynecologic Cervical cancer , Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix 
Oncologic Acute promyelocytic leukemia , Bladder cancer, Cervical cancer , Chromophil renal cell carcinoma , Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma , Clear cell renal cell carcinoma , Collecting duct carcinoma , Diffuse leiomyomatosis , Eosinophilic cystitis, Familial renal cell carcinoma , Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix , Hereditary leiomyomatosis , Kidney cancer , Leiomyomatosis of esophagus, Liver cancer , Malignant rhabdoid tumors , Melanoma, Neoplastic porphyria tarda , Oncocytoma, Papillary renal cell carcinoma , Pelvic lipomatosis , Penis cancer , Phyllodes tumor of the prostate , Prostate cancer , Prostatic abscess , Renal cancer , Rhabdoid tumor , Rhabdomyolysis, Sarcoma botryoides , Transitional cell cancer, Transitional cell carcinoma, Urachal cancer , Urachal cyst , Ureter cancer , Urethral cancer , Urinary system cancer , Wilms tumor
Ophthalmologic Coloboma
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Tuberculosis 
Renal/Electrolyte Acquired cystic kidney disease, Acute kidney failure , Alport syndrome , Amyloidosis, Analgesic nephropathy syndrome , Asparagus , Bright's disease , Chromophil renal cell carcinoma , Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma , Chronic kidney disease , Clear cell renal cell carcinoma , Cystine stone , Cystitis , Dehydration , Diabetic nephropathy , Familial renal cell carcinoma , Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis , Glomerular disease , Glomerulonephritis , Glomerulopathy , Goodpasture's syndrome , Hepatorenal tyrosinemia, Hypercalciuria, Iga nephropathy , Interstitial nephritis , Kidney cancer , Kidney stones , Leucinosis , Maple syrup urine disease, Medullary sponge kidney , Membranous nephropathy, Nephritis , Nephrocalcinosis , Nephropathy, Nephrosis , Papillary renal cell carcinoma , Pierson syndrome , Polycystic kidney disease, Precalicial canalicular ectasia, Pyelonephritis , Reflux nephropathy , Renal abscess , Renal cancer , Renal colic , Renal failure, Renal hypertension, Renal mucormycosis , Renal nutcracker syndrome , Renal zygmycosis , Renovascular hypertension , Salcedo syndrome , Stones , Urinary stones 
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Acute intermittent porphyria, Amyloidosis, Congenital afibrinogenemia , Congenital erythropoeitic porphyria, Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia , Henoch-schonlein purpura , Immune thrombocytopenic purpura , Porphyria , Reiter’s syndrome , Wegener's granulomatosis 
Sexual Gonorrhea , Honeymoon bladder 
Trauma Crush injury , Excessive exercise , Heat cramps , Medullary sponge kidney , Pelvic fracture 
Urologic Acute prostatitis , Acute urinary conditions , Bile in urine, Bladder cancer, Bladder conditions , Bladder diverticulum , Bladder papilloma , Blood in urine , Chyluria, Collecting duct carcinoma , Cystinuria , Enlarged prostate , Fenwick ulcer , Hemolytic uremic syndrome, Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis, Oncocytoma, Orchitis , Penis cancer , Penis conditions , Penis tourniquet syndrome , Phyllodes tumor of the prostate , Prostate cancer , Prostatitis , Renal colic , Ureter cancer , Urethral cancer , Urinary disorders , Urinary stones , Urinary system cancer , Urinary tract infections , Wilms tumor , Wilson's disease , Xanthic urolithiasis , Xanthinuria
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

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