Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
The differential diagnosis of [[MERS-CoV]] include the following:<ref name="PaulinoBenega2013">{{cite journal|last1=Paulino|first1=Renato de Souza|last2=Benega|first2=Margarete Aparecida|last3=Santos|first3=Katia Correa de Oliveira|last4=Silva|first4=Daniela Bernardes Borges da|last5=Pereira|first5=Juliana Cristina|last6=Sasaki|first6=Norio Augusto|last7=Silva|first7=Patricia Evelin|last8=Curti|first8=Suely Pires|last9=Oliveira|first9=Maria Isabel|last10=R.M.P. Carvalhanas|first10=Telma|last11=Peret|first11=Teresa|last12=Erdman|first12=Dean|last13=Paiva|first13=Terezinha Maria de|title=DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF RESPIRATORY VIRUSES BY USING REAL TIME RT-PCR METHODOLOGY|journal=Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo|volume=55|issue=6|year=2013|pages=432–432|issn=0036-4665|doi=10.1590/S0036-46652013000600012}}</ref><ref name="Euro"> {{ cite web| title= Eurosurveillance: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) July 2013 | url=http://www.eurosurveillance.org/images/dynamic/ES/V18N02/V18N02.pdf| }} </ref> | |||
*[[Influenza virus]] infection | *[[Influenza virus]] infection | ||
Line 19: | Line 19: | ||
*[[Community-acquired pneumonia]] | *[[Community-acquired pneumonia]] | ||
*[[Brucellosis]] | *[[Brucellosis]] | ||
Life threatening infection with 2019-nCoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV should be differentiated from each other. The following table differentiates infection from these coronaviruses:<ref name="ChanKok2020">{{cite journal|last1=Chan|first1=Jasper Fuk-Woo|last2=Kok|first2=Kin-Hang|last3=Zhu|first3=Zheng|last4=Chu|first4=Hin|last5=To|first5=Kelvin Kai-Wang|last6=Yuan|first6=Shuofeng|last7=Yuen|first7=Kwok-Yung|title=Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan|journal=Emerging Microbes & Infections|volume=9|issue=1|year=2020|pages=221–236|issn=2222-1751|doi=10.1080/22221751.2020.1719902}}</ref><ref name="LuZhao2020">{{cite journal|last1=Lu|first1=Roujian|last2=Zhao|first2=Xiang|last3=Li|first3=Juan|last4=Niu|first4=Peihua|last5=Yang|first5=Bo|last6=Wu|first6=Honglong|last7=Wang|first7=Wenling|last8=Song|first8=Hao|last9=Huang|first9=Baoying|last10=Zhu|first10=Na|last11=Bi|first11=Yuhai|last12=Ma|first12=Xuejun|last13=Zhan|first13=Faxian|last14=Wang|first14=Liang|last15=Hu|first15=Tao|last16=Zhou|first16=Hong|last17=Hu|first17=Zhenhong|last18=Zhou|first18=Weimin|last19=Zhao|first19=Li|last20=Chen|first20=Jing|last21=Meng|first21=Yao|last22=Wang|first22=Ji|last23=Lin|first23=Yang|last24=Yuan|first24=Jianying|last25=Xie|first25=Zhihao|last26=Ma|first26=Jinmin|last27=Liu|first27=William J|last28=Wang|first28=Dayan|last29=Xu|first29=Wenbo|last30=Holmes|first30=Edward C|last31=Gao|first31=George F|last32=Wu|first32=Guizhen|last33=Chen|first33=Weijun|last34=Shi|first34=Weifeng|last35=Tan|first35=Wenjie|title=Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding|journal=The Lancet|year=2020|issn=01406736|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8}}</ref><ref name="AjlanAhyad2014">{{cite journal|last1=Ajlan|first1=Amr M.|last2=Ahyad|first2=Rayan A.|last3=Jamjoom|first3=Lamia Ghazi|last4=Alharthy|first4=Ahmed|last5=Madani|first5=Tariq A.|title=Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection: Chest CT Findings|journal=American Journal of Roentgenology|volume=203|issue=4|year=2014|pages=782–787|issn=0361-803X|doi=10.2214/AJR.14.13021}}</ref><ref name="HuangWang2020">{{cite journal|last1=Huang|first1=Chaolin|last2=Wang|first2=Yeming|last3=Li|first3=Xingwang|last4=Ren|first4=Lili|last5=Zhao|first5=Jianping|last6=Hu|first6=Yi|last7=Zhang|first7=Li|last8=Fan|first8=Guohui|last9=Xu|first9=Jiuyang|last10=Gu|first10=Xiaoying|last11=Cheng|first11=Zhenshun|last12=Yu|first12=Ting|last13=Xia|first13=Jiaan|last14=Wei|first14=Yuan|last15=Wu|first15=Wenjuan|last16=Xie|first16=Xuelei|last17=Yin|first17=Wen|last18=Li|first18=Hui|last19=Liu|first19=Min|last20=Xiao|first20=Yan|last21=Gao|first21=Hong|last22=Guo|first22=Li|last23=Xie|first23=Jungang|last24=Wang|first24=Guangfa|last25=Jiang|first25=Rongmeng|last26=Gao|first26=Zhancheng|last27=Jin|first27=Qi|last28=Wang|first28=Jianwei|last29=Cao|first29=Bin|title=Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China|journal=The Lancet|year=2020|issn=01406736|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5}}</ref><ref name="urlCoronavirus | Home | CDC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/index.html |title=Coronavirus | Home | CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid30070331">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nassar MS, Bakhrebah MA, Meo SA, Alsuabeyl MS, Zaher WA |title=Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection: epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical characteristics |journal=Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci |volume=22 |issue=15 |pages=4956–4961 |date=August 2018 |pmid=30070331 |doi=10.26355/eurrev_201808_15635 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25451066">{{cite journal |vauthors=Xia S, Liu Q, Wang Q, Sun Z, Su S, Du L, Ying T, Lu L, Jiang S |title=Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) entry inhibitors targeting spike protein |journal=Virus Res. |volume=194 |issue= |pages=200–10 |date=December 2014 |pmid=25451066 |doi=10.1016/j.virusres.2014.10.007 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid24188935">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hajjar SA, Memish ZA, McIntosh K |title=Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV): a perpetual challenge |journal=Ann Saudi Med |volume=33 |issue=5 |pages=427–36 |date=2013 |pmid=24188935 |pmc=6074883 |doi=10.5144/0256-4947.2013.427 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25448335">{{cite journal |vauthors=Memish ZA, Assiri AM, Al-Tawfiq JA |title=Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) viral shedding in the respiratory tract: an observational analysis with infection control implications |journal=Int. J. Infect. Dis. |volume=29 |issue= |pages=307–8 |date=December 2014 |pmid=25448335 |doi=10.1016/j.ijid.2014.10.002 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17470909">{{cite journal |vauthors=Satija N, Lal SK |title=The molecular biology of SARS coronavirus |journal=Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. |volume=1102 |issue= |pages=26–38 |date=April 2007 |pmid=17470909 |doi=10.1196/annals.1408.002 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22180768">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bolles M, Donaldson E, Baric R |title=SARS-CoV and emergent coronaviruses: viral determinants of interspecies transmission |journal=Curr Opin Virol |volume=1 |issue=6 |pages=624–34 |date=December 2011 |pmid=22180768 |pmc=3237677 |doi=10.1016/j.coviro.2011.10.012 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25720466">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fehr AR, Perlman S |title=Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis |journal=Methods Mol. Biol. |volume=1282 |issue= |pages=1–23 |date=2015 |pmid=25720466 |pmc=4369385 |doi=10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1 |url=}}</ref> | |||
<br /> | |||
<small> | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ | |||
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Type of Coronavirus | |||
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Origins | |||
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Family (Lineage) | |||
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Receptor | |||
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Incubation Period | |||
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Genome size | |||
! colspan="7" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Clinical Features | |||
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Transmission | |||
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Epidemiology | |||
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Cytokine Profile | |||
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Imaging Findings | |||
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Serological Testing | |||
|- | |||
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Fever | |||
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Dry cough | |||
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Dyspnea | |||
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Rhinorrhea | |||
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Sneezing | |||
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Sore throat | |||
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Diarrhea | |||
|- | |||
|2019-nCoV | |||
| | |||
* Huanan seafood market, Wuhan, Hubei China (December 2019) | |||
| | |||
* Betacoronaviridea, subgenus: Sarbecovirus (Lineage B) | |||
| | |||
* ACE1/2 | |||
| | |||
* 1-14 days | |||
| | |||
* 29.8 kB (> 80% nucleotide identity with SARS-CoV) | |||
|<nowiki>++</nowiki> | |||
| ++ | |||
| ++ | |||
|<nowiki>+</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>+</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>+</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>-</nowiki> | |||
| | |||
* Human to human transmission through close contact | |||
| | |||
* 14380 confirmed cases | |||
* 17 deaths | |||
* Males > females | |||
*Mortality rate 2.7% | |||
| | |||
* IL1B, IFNγ, IP10, and MCP1 | |||
* GCSF, IP10, MCP1, MIP1A, and TNFα (ICU-admitted) | |||
* IL4 and IL10 | |||
| | |||
* On CT scan: | |||
** Bilateral ground-glass opacities | |||
** Peripheral localization and subpleural sparing | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|MERS-CoV | |||
| | |||
* Saudi Arabia (September 2012) | |||
| | |||
* Betacoronaviridea (Lineage C) | |||
| | |||
* DPP4 (CD26) | |||
| | |||
* 2-14 days | |||
| | |||
* 29.9 kB | |||
|<nowiki>++</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>++</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>++</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>++</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>++</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>++</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>+</nowiki> | |||
| | |||
* Limited human to human trasnmission | |||
* Reservoirs: | |||
** Bats | |||
**Civets | |||
**Camels | |||
| | |||
* 2494 confirmed cases | |||
* 858 deaths | |||
* Mortality rate of 34% | |||
| | |||
* IFNγ, TNFα, IL15, and IL17 | |||
| | |||
* On CT scan: | |||
** Bilateral, subpleural and basilar infiltrates | |||
** Ground glass opacities | |||
** Organizing pneumonia-like pattern (subpleural and peribroncho-vascular) | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|SARS-CoV | |||
| | |||
* Guangdong, Southern China (November 2002) | |||
| | |||
* Betacoronaviridea (Lineage B) | |||
| | |||
* ACE2 | |||
| | |||
* 2-7 days | |||
| | |||
* 29.3 kB | |||
| ++ | |||
| ++ | |||
| ++ | |||
| ++ | |||
| ++ | |||
| ++ | |||
| + | |||
| | |||
* Human to human transmission through close contact | |||
* Reservoirs: | |||
** Bats | |||
**Civets | |||
**Camels | |||
| | |||
* 8098 cases | |||
* 774 deaths | |||
* Mortality rate of about 10% | |||
| | |||
* IL1B, IL6, IL12, IFNγ, IP10, and MCP1 | |||
| | |||
* On CT scan: | |||
** Airspace consolidation | |||
** Focal or multi-focal opacities | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
</small> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Line 26: | Line 166: | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
[[category:disease]] | [[category:disease]] | ||
[[category:virology]] | [[category:virology]] | ||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | [[Category:Up-To-Date]] |
Latest revision as of 14:27, 25 June 2020
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection Microchapters |
Differentiating Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection from other Diseases |
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
MERS-CoV must be differentiated from other respiratory tract infections that cause flu-like symptoms, such as influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and other coronaravirus infections.
Differential Diagnosis
The differential diagnosis of MERS-CoV include the following:[1][2]
- Influenza virus infection
- Parainfluenza virus infection
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection
- Adenovirus infection
- Rhinovirus infection
- Infection with other coronaviruses
- Metapneumovirus infection
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Community-acquired pneumonia
- Brucellosis
Life threatening infection with 2019-nCoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV should be differentiated from each other. The following table differentiates infection from these coronaviruses:[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]
Type of Coronavirus | Origins | Family (Lineage) | Receptor | Incubation Period | Genome size | Clinical Features | Transmission | Epidemiology | Cytokine Profile | Imaging Findings | Serological Testing | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fever | Dry cough | Dyspnea | Rhinorrhea | Sneezing | Sore throat | Diarrhea | |||||||||||
2019-nCoV |
|
|
|
|
|
++ | ++ | ++ | + | + | + | - |
|
|
|
|
|
MERS-CoV |
|
|
|
|
|
++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + |
|
|
|
|
|
SARS-CoV |
|
|
|
|
|
++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + |
|
|
|
|
References
- ↑ Paulino, Renato de Souza; Benega, Margarete Aparecida; Santos, Katia Correa de Oliveira; Silva, Daniela Bernardes Borges da; Pereira, Juliana Cristina; Sasaki, Norio Augusto; Silva, Patricia Evelin; Curti, Suely Pires; Oliveira, Maria Isabel; R.M.P. Carvalhanas, Telma; Peret, Teresa; Erdman, Dean; Paiva, Terezinha Maria de (2013). "DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF RESPIRATORY VIRUSES BY USING REAL TIME RT-PCR METHODOLOGY". Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo. 55 (6): 432–432. doi:10.1590/S0036-46652013000600012. ISSN 0036-4665.
- ↑ "Eurosurveillance: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) July 2013" (PDF).
- ↑ Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo; Kok, Kin-Hang; Zhu, Zheng; Chu, Hin; To, Kelvin Kai-Wang; Yuan, Shuofeng; Yuen, Kwok-Yung (2020). "Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan". Emerging Microbes & Infections. 9 (1): 221–236. doi:10.1080/22221751.2020.1719902. ISSN 2222-1751.
- ↑ Lu, Roujian; Zhao, Xiang; Li, Juan; Niu, Peihua; Yang, Bo; Wu, Honglong; Wang, Wenling; Song, Hao; Huang, Baoying; Zhu, Na; Bi, Yuhai; Ma, Xuejun; Zhan, Faxian; Wang, Liang; Hu, Tao; Zhou, Hong; Hu, Zhenhong; Zhou, Weimin; Zhao, Li; Chen, Jing; Meng, Yao; Wang, Ji; Lin, Yang; Yuan, Jianying; Xie, Zhihao; Ma, Jinmin; Liu, William J; Wang, Dayan; Xu, Wenbo; Holmes, Edward C; Gao, George F; Wu, Guizhen; Chen, Weijun; Shi, Weifeng; Tan, Wenjie (2020). "Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding". The Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8. ISSN 0140-6736.
- ↑ Ajlan, Amr M.; Ahyad, Rayan A.; Jamjoom, Lamia Ghazi; Alharthy, Ahmed; Madani, Tariq A. (2014). "Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection: Chest CT Findings". American Journal of Roentgenology. 203 (4): 782–787. doi:10.2214/AJR.14.13021. ISSN 0361-803X.
- ↑ Huang, Chaolin; Wang, Yeming; Li, Xingwang; Ren, Lili; Zhao, Jianping; Hu, Yi; Zhang, Li; Fan, Guohui; Xu, Jiuyang; Gu, Xiaoying; Cheng, Zhenshun; Yu, Ting; Xia, Jiaan; Wei, Yuan; Wu, Wenjuan; Xie, Xuelei; Yin, Wen; Li, Hui; Liu, Min; Xiao, Yan; Gao, Hong; Guo, Li; Xie, Jungang; Wang, Guangfa; Jiang, Rongmeng; Gao, Zhancheng; Jin, Qi; Wang, Jianwei; Cao, Bin (2020). "Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China". The Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. ISSN 0140-6736.
- ↑ Nassar MS, Bakhrebah MA, Meo SA, Alsuabeyl MS, Zaher WA (August 2018). "Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection: epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical characteristics". Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 22 (15): 4956–4961. doi:10.26355/eurrev_201808_15635. PMID 30070331.
- ↑ Xia S, Liu Q, Wang Q, Sun Z, Su S, Du L, Ying T, Lu L, Jiang S (December 2014). "Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) entry inhibitors targeting spike protein". Virus Res. 194: 200–10. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2014.10.007. PMID 25451066.
- ↑ Hajjar SA, Memish ZA, McIntosh K (2013). "Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV): a perpetual challenge". Ann Saudi Med. 33 (5): 427–36. doi:10.5144/0256-4947.2013.427. PMC 6074883. PMID 24188935.
- ↑ Memish ZA, Assiri AM, Al-Tawfiq JA (December 2014). "Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) viral shedding in the respiratory tract: an observational analysis with infection control implications". Int. J. Infect. Dis. 29: 307–8. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2014.10.002. PMID 25448335.
- ↑ Satija N, Lal SK (April 2007). "The molecular biology of SARS coronavirus". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1102: 26–38. doi:10.1196/annals.1408.002. PMID 17470909.
- ↑ Bolles M, Donaldson E, Baric R (December 2011). "SARS-CoV and emergent coronaviruses: viral determinants of interspecies transmission". Curr Opin Virol. 1 (6): 624–34. doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2011.10.012. PMC 3237677. PMID 22180768.
- ↑ Fehr AR, Perlman S (2015). "Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis". Methods Mol. Biol. 1282: 1–23. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1. PMC 4369385. PMID 25720466.