Silicosis primary prevention: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Silicosis is a preventable disease.
Silicosis is a preventable disease. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set a permissible exposure limit for respirable silica of 10 mg/m3. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) standard is a more stringent exposure limit of 0.05 mg/m3.  


==Primary Prevention==
==Primary Prevention==
The best way to prevent silicosis is to identify work-place activities that produce crystalline silica dust and then to eliminate or control the dust. Water spray is often used where dust emanates. Dust can also be controlled through dry air filtering.
*Prevention of silicosis is by identification of work-place activities with high concentrations of crystalline silica dust and elimination/control of the exposure. Early intervention with the control or cessation of adverse exposures may result in reversal of symptoms and airflow limitation.
'''''NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): NIOSH recommends that employers control exposure to respirable crystalline silica so that no worker is exposed to a time-weighted average concentration of silica greater than 50 µg/m3 of air, as determined by a full-shift sample for up to a 10-hour workday of a 40‑hour workweek'''''
'''''OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL): The OSHA general industry PEL for quartz, the most common form of crystalline silica, is an 8-hour time-weighted average exposure to respirable dust. For pure quartz silica, the PEL is approximately equal to 100 µg/m3 of air'''''
*Health monitoring of workers with exposure to respirable crystalline quartz using chest radiographs and spirometry may assist in the early diagnosis and management.
 
*Measures employed to limit the exposure to crystalline silica <ref>{{Cite web | title =Worker Exposure to Silica during Countertop Manufacturing, Finishing and Installation | url =https://www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHA3768.pdf}}</ref> :
:*Employers should provide appropriate controls for crystalline silica-containing dust.  
:*Use all available engineering controls such as blasting cabinets, water sprays, and local exhaust ventilation.
:*Use less hazardous materials if available and can be used.
:*Be aware of the health effects of [[crystalline silica]] and that [[smoking]] adds to the damage.
:*Know about work operations where exposure to [[crystalline silica]] may occur.
:*Participate in any air monitoring or training programs offered by the employer.
:*Use type CE positive pressure abrasive blasting respirators for [[sandblasting]].
:*Use unaltered respirators when required for protection against [[crystalline silica]]-containing dust. Workers who use tight-fitting respirators cannot have beards/mustaches which interfere with the respirator seal to the face.
:*Allocation of specific disposable or washable work clothes at the worksite; showering and changing into clean clothing before leaving the worksite.
:*Do not eat, drink, use tobacco products, or apply [[cosmetics]] in areas where there is dust containing [[crystalline silica]].
:*Wash hands and face before [[eating]], [[drinking]], [[smoking]], or [[applying cosmetics]] outside of the exposure area.


==References==
==References==
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{{Reflist|2}}


[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Occupational diseases]]
 


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Latest revision as of 15:38, 8 June 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aparna Vuppala, M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Silicosis is a preventable disease. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set a permissible exposure limit for respirable silica of 10 mg/m3. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) standard is a more stringent exposure limit of 0.05 mg/m3.

Primary Prevention

  • Prevention of silicosis is by identification of work-place activities with high concentrations of crystalline silica dust and elimination/control of the exposure. Early intervention with the control or cessation of adverse exposures may result in reversal of symptoms and airflow limitation.

NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): NIOSH recommends that employers control exposure to respirable crystalline silica so that no worker is exposed to a time-weighted average concentration of silica greater than 50 µg/m3 of air, as determined by a full-shift sample for up to a 10-hour workday of a 40‑hour workweek OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL): The OSHA general industry PEL for quartz, the most common form of crystalline silica, is an 8-hour time-weighted average exposure to respirable dust. For pure quartz silica, the PEL is approximately equal to 100 µg/m3 of air

  • Health monitoring of workers with exposure to respirable crystalline quartz using chest radiographs and spirometry may assist in the early diagnosis and management.
  • Measures employed to limit the exposure to crystalline silica [1] :
  • Employers should provide appropriate controls for crystalline silica-containing dust.
  • Use all available engineering controls such as blasting cabinets, water sprays, and local exhaust ventilation.
  • Use less hazardous materials if available and can be used.
  • Be aware of the health effects of crystalline silica and that smoking adds to the damage.
  • Know about work operations where exposure to crystalline silica may occur.
  • Participate in any air monitoring or training programs offered by the employer.
  • Use type CE positive pressure abrasive blasting respirators for sandblasting.
  • Use unaltered respirators when required for protection against crystalline silica-containing dust. Workers who use tight-fitting respirators cannot have beards/mustaches which interfere with the respirator seal to the face.
  • Allocation of specific disposable or washable work clothes at the worksite; showering and changing into clean clothing before leaving the worksite.
  • Do not eat, drink, use tobacco products, or apply cosmetics in areas where there is dust containing crystalline silica.
  • Wash hands and face before eating, drinking, smoking, or applying cosmetics outside of the exposure area.

References

  1. "Worker Exposure to Silica during Countertop Manufacturing, Finishing and Installation" (PDF).


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