Sleep apnea physical examination: Difference between revisions
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===General appearance=== | ===General appearance=== | ||
*[[Obese]] | |||
*[[Lethargy]] | *[[Lethargy]] | ||
*[[Confusion]] | *[[Confusion]] | ||
| Line 20: | Line 22: | ||
*Tachyapnea | *Tachyapnea | ||
*[[Tachycardia]] | *[[Tachycardia]] | ||
* | *High BP | ||
===Chest=== | ===Chest=== | ||
| Line 28: | Line 30: | ||
===Heart=== | ===Heart=== | ||
*[[Right ventricular hypertrophy]] (RVH) | *[[Right ventricular hypertrophy]] (RVH) | ||
* | *Left parasternal systolic lift | ||
*3rd/4th heart sounds and pansystolic murmur of [[tricuspid regurgitation]] over right heart | |||
*Split second heart sound with loud pulmonary component | |||
*[[Systolic]] ejection murmur with a sharp ejection click over the [[pulmonary artery]] | |||
*[[Diastolic]] [[pulmonary regurgitation]] murmur over the [[pulmonary artery]] | |||
===Abdomen=== | ===Abdomen=== | ||
*[[Ascites]] | *[[Ascites]] | ||
*[[Hepatomegaly]] | *[[Hepatomegaly]] | ||
*Large waist circumference | |||
===Skin=== | ===Skin=== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | |||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:Cardiology]] | ||
[[Category:Pulmonology]] | [[Category:Pulmonology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 00:12, 30 July 2020
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Sleep Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Sleep apnea physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Sleep apnea physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Sleep apnea physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saarah T. Alkhairy, M.D.
Overview
Generally, the most common signs of sleep apnea are a large waist/neck circumference and facial deformities. If sleep apnea is left untreated, signs of for pulmonale, stroke, hypoxemia, and pulmonary hypertension are evident.
Sleep Apnea Physical Examination
General appearance
- Lethargy
- Confusion
- Irritable
- Sitting up and leaning forward to improve diaphragmatic breathing
- Children may not grow at a normal rate
Vital Signs
Vital signs are generally within normal limit, but patients with severe disease may have the following vital signs:
- Decreased SPO2
- Tachyapnea
- Tachycardia
- High BP
Chest
- Wheeze
- Pleural effusion
Heart
- Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH)
- Left parasternal systolic lift
- 3rd/4th heart sounds and pansystolic murmur of tricuspid regurgitation over right heart
- Split second heart sound with loud pulmonary component
- Systolic ejection murmur with a sharp ejection click over the pulmonary artery
- Diastolic pulmonary regurgitation murmur over the pulmonary artery
Abdomen
- Ascites
- Hepatomegaly
- Large waist circumference
Skin
ENT
- Large neck circumference
- Particularly prominent among men who have a collar size greater than 17 inches and women who have a collar size greater than 16 inches[1]
- Retrognathia
- Micrognathia
- Lateral peritonsillar narrowing
- Macroglossia
- Tonsillar hypertrophy
- Elongated or enlarged uvula
- A high arched or narrow palate
- Nasal septal deviation
- Nasal polyps
- Increased jugular venous pressure
- Prominent neck and facial veins
Extremeties
- Digital clubbing
- Pedal edema