Brain abscess causes: Difference between revisions
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{{Brain abscess}} | {{Brain abscess}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Ochuko}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Ochuko}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The majority of cases of brain abscess are due to infections with either bacteria or fungi. Common causes of brain abscess include ''[[Cryptococcus neoformans]]'', ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'', ''[[Toxoplasma gondii]]'', and ''[[Viridans streptococci]]''. | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Brain abscesses commonly occur when bacteria or fungi infect part of the brain. The source of the infection, however, is often not found. The germs that cause a brain abscess usually reach the brain through the blood. Germs may also travel from a nearby infected area (such as an ear infection), can enter the body during an injury (from a gun or knife wound), or result from surgery. Though not as often, a heart infection can also be a cause of brain abscesses.<ref> Tunkel AR. Brain abscess. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds.Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases</ref><ref> Tunkel AR, Scheld WM. Brain abscess. In: Winn HR, ed.Youman's Neurological Surgery</ref> | |||
===Common Causes=== | ===Common Causes=== | ||
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|} | |} | ||
===Causes | ===Causes=== | ||
{{Columns-list|3| | {{Columns-list|3| | ||
*[[Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans]] | *[[Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans]] | ||
| Line 144: | Line 141: | ||
*[[Amoebiasis]] | *[[Amoebiasis]] | ||
*[[Anaerobic bacteria]] | *[[Anaerobic bacteria]] | ||
*[[Aspergillosis]] | *[[Aspergillosis]] <ref name="pmid22036518">{{cite journal| author=Saghrouni F, Ben Youssef Y, Gheith S, Bouabid Z, Ben Abdeljelil J, Khammari I et al.| title=Twenty-nine cases of invasive aspergillosis in neutropenic patients. | journal=Med Mal Infect | year= 2011 | volume= 41 | issue= 12 | pages= 657-62 | pmid=22036518 | doi=10.1016/j.medmal.2011.09.011 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22036518 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Aspergillus]] | *[[Aspergillus]] | ||
*[[Atrial septal defect]] | *[[Atrial septal defect]] | ||
| Line 169: | Line 166: | ||
*[[Cysticercosis]] | *[[Cysticercosis]] | ||
*[[Dental braces]] | *[[Dental braces]] | ||
*[[Dental extraction]] | *[[Dental extraction]] <ref name="pmid25130130">{{cite journal| author=Wu PC, Tu MS, Lin PH, Chen YS, Tsai HC| title=Prevotella brain abscesses and stroke following dental extraction in a young patient: a case report and review of the literature. | journal=Intern Med | year= 2014 | volume= 53 | issue= 16 | pages= 1881-7 | pmid=25130130 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25130130 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Dental sepsis]] | *[[Dental sepsis]] <ref name="pmid22524927">{{cite journal| author=Clifton TC, Kalamchi S| title=A case of odontogenic brain abscess arising from covert dental sepsis. | journal=Ann R Coll Surg Engl | year= 2012 | volume= 94 | issue= 1 | pages= e41-3 | pmid=22524927 | doi=10.1308/003588412X13171221499667 | pmc=PMC3954226 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22524927 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Drug abuse]] | *[[Drug abuse]] | ||
*[[Ear infection]] | *[[Ear infection]] | ||
| Line 189: | Line 186: | ||
*[[Haemophilus]] | *[[Haemophilus]] | ||
*[[haemophilus|Haemophilus aphrophilus]] | *[[haemophilus|Haemophilus aphrophilus]] | ||
*[[Head trauma]] | *[[Head trauma]] <ref name="pmid23341403">{{cite journal| author=Sveinsson OA, Asgeirsson H, Olafsson IH| title=[Brain abscess - overview]. | journal=Laeknabladid | year= 2013 | volume= 99 | issue= 1 | pages= 25-31 | pmid=23341403 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23341403 }} </ref> | ||
*[[metastasis pathophysiology|Hematogenous spread]] | *[[metastasis pathophysiology|Hematogenous spread]] <ref name="pmid25360205">{{cite journal| author=Patel K, Clifford DB| title=Bacterial brain abscess. | journal=Neurohospitalist | year= 2014 | volume= 4 | issue= 4 | pages= 196-204 | pmid=25360205 | doi=10.1177/1941874414540684 | pmc=PMC4212419 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25360205 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia]] | *[[Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia]] | ||
*[[HIV]] | *[[HIV]] | ||
| Line 206: | Line 203: | ||
*[[Mastoiditis]] | *[[Mastoiditis]] | ||
*[[Mucorales]] | *[[Mucorales]] | ||
*[[Mucormycosis]] | *[[Mucormycosis]] <ref name="pmid20861715">{{cite journal| author=Cano P, Horseman MA, Surani S| title=Rhinocerebral mucormycosis complicated by bacterial brain abscess. | journal=Am J Med Sci | year= 2010 | volume= 340 | issue= 6 | pages= 507-10 | pmid=20861715 | doi=10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181f0aad1 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20861715 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] | *[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] | ||
*[[Mycoplasma hominis]] | *[[Mycoplasma hominis]] | ||
| Line 212: | Line 209: | ||
*[[Neoplasms]] | *[[Neoplasms]] | ||
*[[AIDS dementia complex|Neurological disorders related to AIDS]] | *[[AIDS dementia complex|Neurological disorders related to AIDS]] | ||
*[[Neurosurgery]] | *[[Neurosurgery]] <ref name="pmid25360205">{{cite journal| author=Patel K, Clifford DB| title=Bacterial brain abscess. | journal=Neurohospitalist | year= 2014 | volume= 4 | issue= 4 | pages= 196-204 | pmid=25360205 | doi=10.1177/1941874414540684 | pmc=PMC4212419 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25360205 }} </ref><ref name="pmid23341403">{{cite journal| author=Sveinsson OA, Asgeirsson H, Olafsson IH| title=[Brain abscess - overview]. | journal=Laeknabladid | year= 2013 | volume= 99 | issue= 1 | pages= 25-31 | pmid=23341403 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23341403 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Nocardia]] | *[[Nocardia]] | ||
*[[Nocardiosis]] | *[[Nocardiosis]] | ||
| Line 224: | Line 221: | ||
*[[Peptococcus]] | *[[Peptococcus]] | ||
*[[Peptostreptococcus]] | *[[Peptostreptococcus]] | ||
*[[Prevotella]] | *[[Prevotella]] <ref name="pmid25130130">{{cite journal| author=Wu PC, Tu MS, Lin PH, Chen YS, Tsai HC| title=Prevotella brain abscesses and stroke following dental extraction in a young patient: a case report and review of the literature. | journal=Intern Med | year= 2014 | volume= 53 | issue= 16 | pages= 1881-7 | pmid=25130130 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25130130 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Propionibacterium]] | *[[Propionibacterium]] | ||
*[[Prosthetic heart valve]] | *[[Prosthetic heart valve]] | ||
| Line 234: | Line 231: | ||
*[[Rhodococcus equi]] | *[[Rhodococcus equi]] | ||
*[[Salmonella]] | *[[Salmonella]] | ||
*[[Scedosporium apiospermum]] | *[[Scedosporium apiospermum]] <ref name="pmid22559017">{{cite journal| author=Mays R, Gordon R, Wilson JM, LaPolla WJ, Sra KK, Madkan V et al.| title=Persistent erythematous plaque after minor trauma in an immunocompromised woman. | journal=Dermatol Online J | year= 2012 | volume= 18 | issue= 4 | pages= 2 | pmid=22559017 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22559017 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Schistosoma japonicum]] | *[[Schistosoma japonicum]] | ||
*[[Sinusitis]] | *[[Sinusitis]] | ||
| Line 246: | Line 243: | ||
*[[Tooth infection]] | *[[Tooth infection]] | ||
*[[Toxoplasma]] | *[[Toxoplasma]] | ||
*[[Traumatic brain injury]] | *[[Traumatic brain injury]] <ref name="pmid25360205">{{cite journal| author=Patel K, Clifford DB| title=Bacterial brain abscess. | journal=Neurohospitalist | year= 2014 | volume= 4 | issue= 4 | pages= 196-204 | pmid=25360205 | doi=10.1177/1941874414540684 | pmc=PMC4212419 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25360205 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Upper respiratory tract infections]] | *[[Upper respiratory tract infections]] | ||
*[[Urinary tract infection]] | *[[Urinary tract infection]] | ||
| Line 257: | Line 254: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Neurology]] | [[Category:Neurology]] | ||
[[Category:Neurosurgery]] | |||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | [[Category:Infectious disease]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:40, 29 July 2020
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Brain abscess Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Brain abscess causes On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Brain abscess causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2]
Overview
The majority of cases of brain abscess are due to infections with either bacteria or fungi. Common causes of brain abscess include Cryptococcus neoformans, Staphylococcus aureus, Toxoplasma gondii, and Viridans streptococci.
Causes
Brain abscesses commonly occur when bacteria or fungi infect part of the brain. The source of the infection, however, is often not found. The germs that cause a brain abscess usually reach the brain through the blood. Germs may also travel from a nearby infected area (such as an ear infection), can enter the body during an injury (from a gun or knife wound), or result from surgery. Though not as often, a heart infection can also be a cause of brain abscesses.[1][2]
Common Causes
Causes by Organ System
Causes
The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{columns-list}}.
3References
- ↑ Tunkel AR. Brain abscess. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds.Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases
- ↑ Tunkel AR, Scheld WM. Brain abscess. In: Winn HR, ed.Youman's Neurological Surgery
- ↑ Saghrouni F, Ben Youssef Y, Gheith S, Bouabid Z, Ben Abdeljelil J, Khammari I; et al. (2011). "Twenty-nine cases of invasive aspergillosis in neutropenic patients". Med Mal Infect. 41 (12): 657–62. doi:10.1016/j.medmal.2011.09.011. PMID 22036518.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Wu PC, Tu MS, Lin PH, Chen YS, Tsai HC (2014). "Prevotella brain abscesses and stroke following dental extraction in a young patient: a case report and review of the literature". Intern Med. 53 (16): 1881–7. PMID 25130130.
- ↑ Clifton TC, Kalamchi S (2012). "A case of odontogenic brain abscess arising from covert dental sepsis". Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 94 (1): e41–3. doi:10.1308/003588412X13171221499667. PMC 3954226. PMID 22524927.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Sveinsson OA, Asgeirsson H, Olafsson IH (2013). "[Brain abscess - overview]". Laeknabladid. 99 (1): 25–31. PMID 23341403.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Patel K, Clifford DB (2014). "Bacterial brain abscess". Neurohospitalist. 4 (4): 196–204. doi:10.1177/1941874414540684. PMC 4212419. PMID 25360205.
- ↑ Cano P, Horseman MA, Surani S (2010). "Rhinocerebral mucormycosis complicated by bacterial brain abscess". Am J Med Sci. 340 (6): 507–10. doi:10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181f0aad1. PMID 20861715.
- ↑ Mays R, Gordon R, Wilson JM, LaPolla WJ, Sra KK, Madkan V; et al. (2012). "Persistent erythematous plaque after minor trauma in an immunocompromised woman". Dermatol Online J. 18 (4): 2. PMID 22559017.