Neuroblastoma causes: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 21:11, 13 February 2019

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2] Zahir Ali Shaikh, MD [3]

Overview

There are no known established causes for neuroblastoma.

Causes

There are no known established causes for neuroblastoma.^[1]

References

↑ Tadeusz Izbicki, Joanna Mazur & Elzbieta Izbicka (2003). "Epidemiology and etiology of neuroblastoma: an overview". Anticancer research. 23 (1B): 755–760. PMID 12680179. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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[1] Tadeusz Izbicki, Joanna Mazur & Elzbieta Izbicka (2003). "Epidemiology and etiology of neuroblastoma: an overview". Anticancer research. 23 (1B): 755–760. PMID 12680179. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Neuroblastoma}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{HL}}{{ZAS}}
+==Overview==
+There are no known established causes for neuroblastoma.
 ==Causes==
-The [[etiology]] of neuroblastoma is not well understood. Several risk factors have been proposed and are the subject of ongoing research.
+* There are no known established causes for neuroblastoma.<ref>{{Cite journal
-Due to characteristic early onset many studies have focussed on parental factors around [[fertilisation|conception]] and during [[gestation]]. Factors investigated have included occupation (i.e. exposure to chemicals in specific industries), smoking, alcohol consumption, use of medicinal drugs during pregnancy and birth factors, however results have been inconsistent.<ref>Olshan, AF, Bunin, GR (2000) Epidemiology of Neuroblastoma. In: Brodeur, GM,  Sawada, T,  Tsuchida, Y,  Voute, PA  eds. , Neuroblastoma, Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 33-39. ISBN 044450222X [http://us.elsevierhealth.com/product.jsp?isbn=9780444502223]</ref>
+ | author = [[Tadeusz Izbicki]], [[Joanna Mazur]] & [[Elzbieta Izbicka]]
+ | title = Epidemiology and etiology of neuroblastoma: an overview
-Other studies have examined possible links with [[atopy]] and exposure to [[infection]] early in life,<ref>Menegaux F,''et al''.[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15105177 "Day Care, Childhood Infections and Risk of Neuroblastoma"], Am J Epidemiol 2004; 159:843-851.</ref> use of hormones and fertility drugs,<ref name="Olshan et al 1999">Olshan AF,''et al''. [http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/150/9/930 "Hormone and Fertility Drug Use and the Risk of Neuroblastoma: A Report from the Children's Cancer Group and the Pediatric Oncology Group"], Am J Epidemiol 1999;150:930-8.</ref>and maternal use of hair dye.<ref name="McCall EE,''et al'' 2005">,McCall EE,''et al''.[http://www.springerlink.com/content/n3645430v710npu2/ "Maternal hair dye use and risk of neuroblastoma in offspring"], Cancer Causes and Control 2005; 16,6:743-8</ref>
+  | journal = [[Anticancer research]]
+ | volume = 23
+ | issue = 1B
+ | pages = 755–760
+ | year = 2003
+ | month = January-February
+ | pmid = 12680179
+}}</ref>
 ==References==
-{{Reflist|2}}
+{{Reflist|1}}
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 [[Category:Disease]]
 [[Category:Pediatrics]]
-[[Category:Needs content]]
+ [[Category:Up-To-Date]]
+[[Category:Oncology]]
+[[Category:Medicine]]
+[[Category:Neurology]]
+[[Category:Neurosurgery]]

Neuroblastoma causes: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 21:11, 13 February 2019

Overview

Causes

References

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