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The hallmark of brainstem gliomas is the classic triad of [[ataxia]], long tract signs and [[cranial nerve palsies]]. Common symptoms include [[hemiparesis]] or [[hemiplegia]], unilateral [[facial nerve palsy]], [[ataxia]], vision defect, [[hearing loss]], [[morning headache]] or headache that goes away after vomiting, [[nausea]] and [[vomiting]], [[drowsiness]], [[fatigue]], and behavioral changes. Less common symptoms include [[seizure]], trouble learning in school, and deterioration of handwriting and speech.
The hallmark of brainstem gliomas is the classic triad of [[ataxia]], long tract signs and [[cranial nerve palsies]]. Common symptoms include [[hemiparesis]] or [[hemiplegia]], unilateral [[facial nerve palsy]], [[ataxia]], vision defect, [[hearing loss]], [[morning headache]] or headache that goes away after vomiting, [[nausea]] and [[vomiting]], [[drowsiness]], [[fatigue]], and behavioral changes. Less common symptoms include [[seizure]], trouble learning in school, and deterioration of handwriting and speech.


==History and symptoms==
==Common symptoms==
Although the exact presentation will vary according to ''location'' and ''size'' of the tumor, in general patients will exhibit a ''classic triad'':<ref>Symptoms of Brainstem gliomas. Dr Yuranga Weerakkody and Dr Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/brainstem-glioma</ref>
The ''classic triad'' of clinical manifestations for brainstem glioma includes the following:<ref>Symptoms of Brainstem gliomas. Dr Yuranga Weerakkody and Dr Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/brainstem-glioma</ref>
*[[Ataxia]]
*[[Ataxia]]
*[[Cranial nerve palsies]]
*[[Cranial nerve palsy]]
*Long tract signs
*Long tract signs


The duration of symptoms is usually much ''shorter'' in diffuse gliomas, in which the history is typically very short (a few days). Additionally, diffuse gliomas more frequently have multiple cranial nerve palsies.


 
Additional common symptoms of brainstem gliomas include:
''The symptoms depend on the following'':<ref>Symptoms of brainstem tumors. Cancer gov. http://www.cancer.gov/types/brain/patient/child-glioma-treatment-pdq#link/stoc_h2_2</ref>
*[[Hemiparesis]] or [[hemiplegia]]]
*Where the tumor forms in the brain.
*The size of the tumor and whether it has spread all through the brain stem.
*How fast the tumor grows.
*The child's age and development.
 
==Common symptoms==
Common symptoms of brainstem gliomas include:<ref>Symptoms of brainstem tumors. Cancer gov. http://www.cancer.gov/types/brain/patient/child-glioma-treatment-pdq#link/stoc_h2_2</ref>
*[[Hemiparesis]] or [[hemiplegia]]
*Unilateral [[Facial nerve palsy]]
*[[Ataxia]]
*Vision defects
*[[Hearing loss]]
*[[Hearing loss]]
*[[Morning headache]] or headache that goes away after vomiting
*[[Morning headache]] or headache that goes away after vomiting
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*[[Fatigue]]
*[[Fatigue]]
*Behavioral changes
*Behavioral changes
*[[Diplopia]]
*[[Dysphagia]]
*[[Dysarthria]]
*[[Weakness]]


==Less common symptoms==  
==Less common symptoms==  
Less common presenting symptoms of brainstem gliomas include:<ref>Symptoms of brainstem tumors. Cancer gov. http://www.cancer.gov/types/brain/patient/child-glioma-treatment-pdq#link/stoc_h2_2</ref>
Less common presenting symptoms of brainstem gliomas include:
* [[Seizure]]  
* [[Seizure]]  
* Deterioration of handwriting and speech.
* Deterioration of handwriting and speech
*Trouble learning in school
*Trouble learning in school


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Latest revision as of 02:32, 6 November 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

The hallmark of brainstem gliomas is the classic triad of ataxia, long tract signs and cranial nerve palsies. Common symptoms include hemiparesis or hemiplegia, unilateral facial nerve palsy, ataxia, vision defect, hearing loss, morning headache or headache that goes away after vomiting, nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, fatigue, and behavioral changes. Less common symptoms include seizure, trouble learning in school, and deterioration of handwriting and speech.

Common symptoms

The classic triad of clinical manifestations for brainstem glioma includes the following:[1]


Additional common symptoms of brainstem gliomas include:

Less common symptoms

Less common presenting symptoms of brainstem gliomas include:

  • Seizure
  • Deterioration of handwriting and speech
  • Trouble learning in school

References

  1. Symptoms of Brainstem gliomas. Dr Yuranga Weerakkody and Dr Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/brainstem-glioma

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