Cholangiocarcinoma echocardiography or ultrasound: Difference between revisions

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{{Cholangiocarcinoma}}
{{Cholangiocarcinoma}}
{{CMG}};{{AE}} {{PSK}}
==Overview==
On abdominal [[ultrasound]], cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by obstruction and dilation of [[bile ducts]]. Mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by homogenous mass of intermediate echogenicity with a peripheral hypoechoic halo of compressed liver. Periductal infiltrating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by capsular retraction. Intraductal cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by alterations in duct caliber, usually duct ectasia with or without a visible mass.


==Abdominal imaging==
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{F.K}}, {{PSK}}
[[Ultrasound]] of the [[liver]] and [[biliary tree]] is often used as the initial imaging modality in patients with suspected obstructive jaundice.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Saini S |title=Imaging of the hepatobiliary tract |journal=N Engl J Med |volume=336 |issue=26 |pages=1889–94 |year=1997 |id=PMID 9197218}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Sharma M, Ahuja V |title=Aetiological spectrum of obstructive jaundice and diagnostic ability of ultrasonography: a clinician's perspective |journal=Trop Gastroenterol |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=167-9 |year= |id=PMID 10769604}}</ref> Ultrasound can identify obstruction and ductal dilatation and, in some cases, may be sufficient to diagnose cholangiocarcinoma.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Bloom C, Langer B, Wilson S |title=Role of US in the detection, characterization, and staging of cholangiocarcinoma |journal=Radiographics |volume=19 |issue=5 |pages=1199-218 |year= |id=PMID 10489176}}</ref> On abdominal ultrasound, appearance of cholangiocarcinoma will vary according to the growth pattern.<ref name=radio>Cholangiocarcinoma. Radiopaedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/cholangiocarcinoma</ref>


'''Mass-forming intrahepatic''': tumors will be homogeneous mass of intermediate echogenicity with a peripheral hypoechoic halo of compressed liver. They tend to be well delineated but irregular in outline, and are often associated with capsular retraction, which if present is helpful in distinguishing cholangiocarcinomas from other hepatic tumors.
==Overview==
 
On abdominal [[ultrasound]], cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by obstruction and dilation of [[bile ducts]]. Mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by [[homogenous]] mass of intermediate echogenicity with a peripheral hypoechoic halo of compressed liver. Periductal infiltrating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by capsular retraction. Intraductal cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by alterations in duct caliber, usually duct ectasia with or without a visible mass.
'''Periductal infiltrating intrahepatic''': tumors typically are associated with altered caliber bile duct (narrowed or dilated) without a well-defined mass.


'''Intraductal''': tumors are characterized by alterations in duct caliber, usually duct ectasia with or without a visible mass. If a polypoid mass is seen, it is usually hyperechoic compared to surrounding liver.
==Echocardiography/Ultrasound==
 
*Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. Findings on an ultrasound diagnostic of cholangiocarcinoma include:
'''Contrast-enhanced ultrasound''': may aid with diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma:
*Arterial phase:
*Arterial phase:
:*Peripheral irregular rim-like enhancement
:*Peripheral irregular rim-like enhancement
:*Heterogeneous central hypoenhancement
:*Heterogeneous central hypoenhancement
*Portal venous phase / delayed phase:
*Portal venous phase/delayed phase:
:*Decreased echogenicity relative to background liver ("wash out")
:*Decreased echogenicity relative to background liver ("wash out")
*Findings on an ultrasound diagnostic of mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma include:
**Capsular retraction
**[[Homogeneous]] mass of intermediate echogenicity with a peripheral hypoechoic halo of compressed [[liver]]
*Findings on an [[ultrasound]] diagnostic of periductal infiltrating cholangiocarcinoma include:
**Altered caliber [[bile duct]] (narrowed or dilated) without a well-defined mass
*Findings on an [[ultrasound]] diagnostic of intraductal cholangiocarcinoma include:
**Alterations in duct caliber, usually duct ectasia with or without a visible mass


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Rare cancers]]
[[Category:Rare diseases]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Hepatology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]


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[[Category: (name of the system)]]

Latest revision as of 16:30, 13 February 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2], Suveenkrishna Pothuru, M.B,B.S. [3]

Overview

On abdominal ultrasound, cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by obstruction and dilation of bile ducts. Mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by homogenous mass of intermediate echogenicity with a peripheral hypoechoic halo of compressed liver. Periductal infiltrating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by capsular retraction. Intraductal cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by alterations in duct caliber, usually duct ectasia with or without a visible mass.

Echocardiography/Ultrasound

  • Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. Findings on an ultrasound diagnostic of cholangiocarcinoma include:
  • Arterial phase:
  • Peripheral irregular rim-like enhancement
  • Heterogeneous central hypoenhancement
  • Portal venous phase/delayed phase:
  • Decreased echogenicity relative to background liver ("wash out")
  • Findings on an ultrasound diagnostic of mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma include:
    • Capsular retraction
    • Homogeneous mass of intermediate echogenicity with a peripheral hypoechoic halo of compressed liver
  • Findings on an ultrasound diagnostic of periductal infiltrating cholangiocarcinoma include:
    • Altered caliber bile duct (narrowed or dilated) without a well-defined mass
  • Findings on an ultrasound diagnostic of intraductal cholangiocarcinoma include:
    • Alterations in duct caliber, usually duct ectasia with or without a visible mass

References

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