Zika virus infection: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
m (Bot: Removing from Primary care)
 
(51 intermediate revisions by 9 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Zika virus}}
{{About1|Zika virus}}
{{About1|Zika virus}}
'''''For patient information, click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]].'''''<br>
'''For patient information, click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]].'''<br>
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{NRM}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{YD}}; {{NRM}}; {{LRO}}; {{IMD}}; {{SSK}}; {{YK}}; {{TarekNafee}}


{{SK}} Zika virus; ZIKV; ZIKV disease; Zika; Zika virus disease; Zika disease; Zika fever
{{SK}} Zika virus; ZIKV; ZIKV disease; Zika; Zika virus disease; Zika disease; Zika fever


==Overview==
==[[Zika virus infection overview|Overview]]==
Zika fever is an illness caused by the Zika virus, a member of the family [[Flaviviridae]].  The fever and virus are named after the Ugandan forest where the virus was first isolated.  The virus is commonly found in Africa but has also been found in Malaysia and Micronesia.  Symptoms are similar to [[dengue fever]], but are milder in form and usually last four to seven days. No hemorrhagic manifestations have been documented. Common symptoms include a maculopapular skin rash that starts on the face or trunk before moving to the rest of the body, conjunctivitis, joint pain, low-grade fevers and headache.


==Historical Perspective==
==[[Zika virus infection historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
*Zika virus was first isolated in 1947 from a rhesus monkey in the Zika Forest of Uganda. The first human isolation of the virus occurred in 1968 in Nigeria. <ref name="pmid19788800">{{cite journal| author=Hayes EB| title=Zika virus outside Africa. | journal=Emerg Infect Dis | year= 2009 | volume= 15 | issue= 9 | pages= 1347-50 | pmid=19788800 | doi=10.3201/eid1509.090442 | pmc=PMC2819875 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19788800  }} </ref>
*Between 1951 through 1981, evidence of human [[Infection|infection]] was additionally reported in the following countries:<ref name="pmid19788800"></ref>
**'''Africa:''' Tanzania, Egypt, Central African Republic, Sierra Leone, and Gabon
**'''Asia:''' India, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, and Indonesia
*The first outbreak of Zika virus outside of Africa and Asia occurred in April 2007 on the Yap Island in the Federated States of Micronesia. The disease was initially thought to be [[Dengue fever|dengue]], but the [[Chikungunya virus|Chikungunya]] and [[Ross River virus|Ross River]] viruses were also suspected.<ref name="pmid19788800"></ref>
*A larger outbreak of Zika virus occurred in the Brazilian district of Camaçari and neighboring Salvador City in April 2015. An unknown agent was causing flu-like symptoms, followed by [[Rash|rash]] and [[Arthralgia|arthralgia]], in approximately 500 individuals. RT-PCR techniques by researchers at the Federal University of Bahia confirmed the causative organism to be Zika virus.<ref name="pmid26401719">{{cite journal| author=Campos GS, Bandeira AC, Sardi SI| title=Zika Virus Outbreak, Bahia, Brazil. | journal=Emerg Infect Dis | year= 2015 | volume= 21 | issue= 10 | pages= 1885-6 | pmid=26401719 | doi=10.3201/eid2110.150847 | pmc=PMC4593454 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26401719  }} </ref>
==Causes==


*Transmission of the zika virus is most frequently the result of being bitten by an infected mosquito. <ref name="Zika Virus CDC"> Zika Virus. For Health Care Providers: Clinical Evaluation & Disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/zika/hc-providers/clinicalevaluation.html Accessed on December 11, 2015</ref>
==[[Zika virus infection pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


*The ''Aedes'' species of mosquitos is the primary carrier of the zika virus. <ref name="Zika Virus CDC"> Zika Virus. For Health Care Providers: Clinical Evaluation & Disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/zika/hc-providers/clinicalevaluation.html Accessed on December 11, 2015</ref>
==[[Zika virus|Causes]]==


*Other possible modes of zika transmission include perinatal and sexual transmission as well as blood transfusions from an asymptomatic donor.<ref name="Zika Virus CDC"> Zika Virus. For Health Care Providers: Clinical Evaluation & Disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/zika/hc-providers/clinicalevaluation.html Accessed on December 11, 2015</ref>
==[[Zika virus infection classification|Classification]]==
==Risk Factors==
'''Most Common'''


*Mosquito Bites in Endemic Areas (as listed below as areas of prior outbreaks).
==[[Zika virus infection differential diagnosis|Differentiating Zika virus infection from other Diseases]]==


*The most potent risk factors related to contracting zika virus are travelling to endemic areas, such as Asia and Africa (reported prior to 2007), The Federated States of Micronesia (reported in 2007),  and most recently in the South American regions of Chile (reported in 2014), Brazil and Colombia(reported in 2015), Guatemala, El Salvador, Paraguay, Suriname, Venezuela, and Mexico (all cases were reported in 2015.)
==[[Zika virus infection epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


<ref {{cite web |url=http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&Itemid=270&gid=32405&lang=en |title=Epidemiological Alert: Neurological Syndromes, Congenital Malformations, and Zika Virus Infection. Implications for Public Health in the Americas |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=December 1, 2015 |website=Pan American Health Organization|publisher=Pan American Health Organization |access-date=December 11, 2015 |quote=}}</ref>
==[[Zika virus infection risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
'''Less Common'''


*Blood transfusion from an asymptomatic donor in an endemic area.
==[[Zika virus infection natural history, complications, and prognosis|Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis]]==


*Perinatal and sexual transmission.
==Diagnosis==
[[Zika virus infection history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Zika virus infection physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Zika virus infection laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Zika virus infection evaluation of pregnant women|Evaluation of Pregnant Women]] | [[Zika virus infection evaluation of infants|Evaluation of Infants]] | [[Zika virus infection collection and submission of fetal tissues|Collection and Submission of Fetal Tissues]] | [[Zika virus infection other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]


==Treatment==
[[Zika virus infection medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Zika virus infection surgery|Surgery]] | [[Zika virus infection prevention|Prevention]] | [[Zika virus infection guidelines for pregnant women |Guidelines for Pregnant Women]] | [[Zika virus infection travel notice |Travel Notice]] | [[Zika virus infection response planning tips|CDC Response Planning Tips]] | [[Zika virus infection risk-based preparedness|Risk-based Preparedness for States]]


==References==
==Related Chapters==
{{Reflist|2}}
*[[Zika virus]]
 
[[Category:Emergency mdicine]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Dermatology]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]

Latest revision as of 00:46, 30 July 2020

Sexually transmitted diseases Main Page

Zika virus infection Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Classification

Differentiating Zika Virus Infection from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Evaluation of Pregnant Women

Evaluation of Infants

Collection and Submission of Fetal Tissues

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Guidelines for Pregnant Women
Travel Notice
Blood Donation
Sexual transmission

Secondary Prevention

CDC Response Planning Tips

Risk-based Preparedness for States

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Zika virus infection On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Zika virus infection

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Zika virus infection

CDC on Zika virus infection

Zika virus infection in the news

Blogs on Zika virus infection

Directions to Hospitals Treating Zika virus infection

Risk calculators and risk factors for Zika virus infection

This page is about clinical aspects of the disease.  For microbiologic aspects of the causative organism(s), see Zika virus.

For patient information, click here.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, M.D.; Nate Michalak, B.A.; Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.; Ilan Dock, B.S.; Serge Korjian M.D.; Yamuna Kondapally, M.B.B.S[2]; Tarek Nafee, M.D. [3]

Synonyms and keywords: Zika virus; ZIKV; ZIKV disease; Zika; Zika virus disease; Zika disease; Zika fever

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Classification

Differentiating Zika virus infection from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Evaluation of Pregnant Women | Evaluation of Infants | Collection and Submission of Fetal Tissues | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Prevention | Guidelines for Pregnant Women | Travel Notice | CDC Response Planning Tips | Risk-based Preparedness for States

Related Chapters

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Zika_virus_infection&oldid=1644798"