Scrotal mass Imaging: Difference between revisions

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VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 15:30, 27 November 2017

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]

Overview

Imaging studies for scrotal mass include scrotal ultrasound, MRI, and chest x-ray.^[1]

Imaging

Scrotal Ultrasound

Scrotal ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice for scrotal mass.^[1]
The sensitivity of ultrasound in the identification of scrotal mass is very high (100%).
Scrotal ultrasound can accurately differentiate extratesticular and intratesticular scrotal mass.^[2]
On scrotal ultrasound, the epididymis appears isoe- to slightly hyperechoic compared with the testis.^[1]
The fact to be remembered before performing scrotal ultrasound is to rule out emergency conditions such as testicular torsion, where it would need emergent surgical referral.^[3]

MRI

MRI of scrotum is seldom used for the detection of scrotal mass, as ultrasound is inexpensive, highly accurate, and easy to perform.^[1]
MRI is particularly helpful in differentiating extratesticular solid scrotal masses (lipoma, liposarcoma).
Findings on MRI suggestive of scrotal mass are tabulated below:^[1]


MRI component	Findings

T1	Both testis and epididymis have intermediate signal intensity compared to muscle Hydrocele appears hypointense
T2	Testis is hyperintense compared to muscle Tunica albuginea is hypointense Epididymal head is hypointense compared to testis Hydrocele appears hyperintense

Chest X Ray

Chest x-ray may be performed to detect metastases of scrotal tumor mass to the lungs.

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 Woodward, Paula J.; Schwab, Cornelia M.; Sesterhenn, Isabell A. (2003). "From the Archives of the AFIP". RadioGraphics. 23 (1): 215–240. doi:10.1148/rg.231025133. ISSN 0271-5333.
↑ DIAGNOSTIC TESTS. American Family Physician 2016. http://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0501/p723.html. Accessed on March 28, 2016
↑ Scrotal mass. American Academy of Family Physicians 2016. http://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/1115/p1165.html. Accessed on March 18, 2016

Template:WS Template:WH

[WoodwardSchwab2003-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 Woodward, Paula J.; Schwab, Cornelia M.; Sesterhenn, Isabell A. (2003). "From the Archives of the AFIP". RadioGraphics. 23 (1): 215–240. doi:10.1148/rg.231025133. ISSN 0271-5333.

[dxscrotalmass1-2] DIAGNOSTIC TESTS. American Family Physician 2016. http://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0501/p723.html. Accessed on March 28, 2016

[causescrotalmass1-3] Scrotal mass. American Academy of Family Physicians 2016. http://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/1115/p1165.html. Accessed on March 18, 2016

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 ==Overview==
+Imaging studies for scrotal mass include [[ultrasound|scrotal ultrasound]], [[MRI]], and [[X ray|chest x-ray]].<ref name="WoodwardSchwab2003">{{cite journal|last1=Woodward|first1=Paula J.|last2=Schwab|first2=Cornelia M.|last3=Sesterhenn|first3=Isabell A.|title=From the Archives of the AFIP|journal=RadioGraphics|volume=23|issue=1|year=2003|pages=215–240|issn=0271-5333|doi=10.1148/rg.231025133}}</ref>
 ==Imaging==
 ===Scrotal Ultrasound===
 *[[ultrasound|Scrotal ultrasound]] is the imaging modality of choice for scrotal mass.<ref name="WoodwardSchwab2003">{{cite journal|last1=Woodward|first1=Paula J.|last2=Schwab|first2=Cornelia M.|last3=Sesterhenn|first3=Isabell A.|title=From the Archives of the AFIP|journal=RadioGraphics|volume=23|issue=1|year=2003|pages=215–240|issn=0271-5333|doi=10.1148/rg.231025133}}</ref>
-*The sensitivity of ultrasound in the identification of scrotal masses is very high (100%).
+*The sensitivity of ultrasound in the identification of scrotal mass is very high (100%).
+*Scrotal ultrasound can accurately differentiate extratesticular and intratesticular scrotal mass.<ref name=dxscrotalmass1>DIAGNOSTIC TESTS. American Family Physician 2016. http://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0501/p723.html. Accessed on March 28, 2016</ref>
+*On scrotal ultrasound, the epididymis appears isoe- to slightly hyperechoic compared with the testis.<ref name="WoodwardSchwab2003">{{cite journal|last1=Woodward|first1=Paula J.|last2=Schwab|first2=Cornelia M.|last3=Sesterhenn|first3=Isabell A.|title=From the Archives of the AFIP|journal=RadioGraphics|volume=23|issue=1|year=2003|pages=215–240|issn=0271-5333|doi=10.1148/rg.231025133}}</ref>
+*The fact to be remembered before performing scrotal ultrasound is to rule out emergency conditions such as [[testicular torsion]], where it would need emergent surgical referral.<ref name=causescrotalmass1>Scrotal mass. American Academy of Family Physicians 2016. http://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/1115/p1165.html. Accessed on March 18, 2016</ref>
+===MRI===
+*MRI of scrotum is seldom used for the detection of scrotal mass, as ultrasound is inexpensive, highly accurate, and easy to perform.<ref name="WoodwardSchwab2003">{{cite journal|last1=Woodward|first1=Paula J.|last2=Schwab|first2=Cornelia M.|last3=Sesterhenn|first3=Isabell A.|title=From the Archives of the AFIP|journal=RadioGraphics|volume=23|issue=1|year=2003|pages=215–240|issn=0271-5333|doi=10.1148/rg.231025133}}</ref>
+*MRI is particularly helpful in differentiating extratesticular solid scrotal masses (lipoma, liposarcoma).
+*Findings on MRI suggestive of scrotal mass are tabulated below:<ref name="WoodwardSchwab2003">{{cite journal|last1=Woodward|first1=Paula J.|last2=Schwab|first2=Cornelia M.|last3=Sesterhenn|first3=Isabell A.|title=From the Archives of the AFIP|journal=RadioGraphics|volume=23|issue=1|year=2003|pages=215–240|issn=0271-5333|doi=10.1148/rg.231025133}}</ref>
+{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width:650px"
+|valign=top|
+|+
+! style="background: #4479BA; width: 150px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|MRI component}}
+! style="background: #4479BA; width: 370px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Findings}}
+|-
+| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" align=center |T1
+| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
+*Both [[testis]] and [[epididymis]] have intermediate signal intensity compared to muscle
+*[[Hydrocele]] appears hypointense
+|-
+| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" align=center|T2
+| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
+*[[Testis]] is hyperintense compared to muscle
+*[[Tunica albuginea]] is hypointense
+*[[epididymis|Epididymal head]] is hypointense compared to testis
+*[[Hydrocele]] appears hyperintense
+|}
+===Chest X Ray===
+Chest x-ray may be performed to detect metastases of scrotal tumor mass to the lungs.
 ==References==
@@ Line 18: / Line 49: @@
 {{WS}}
 {{WH}}
+ [[Category:Up-To-Date]]
+[[Category:Oncology]]
+[[Category:Medicine]]
+[[Category:Urology]]