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{{Hematuria}} | {{Hematuria}} | ||
{{SCC}} {{ | {{CMG}} ; {{AE}} {{SCC}} {{Adnan Ezici}} {{VSKP}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Asymptomatic hematuria is common in clinical practice, with a prevalence ranging from 0.18% to 38.7%.<ref name="pmid23312369">Loo RK, Lieberman SF, Slezak JM, Landa HM, Mariani AJ, Nicolaisen G et al. (2013) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23312369 Stratifying risk of urinary tract malignant tumors in patients with asymptomatic microscopic hematuria.] ''Mayo Clin Proc'' 88 (2):129-38. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.10.004 DOI:10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.10.004] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/23312369 23312369]</ref> | According to the American Urological Association (AUA) guidelines, the prevalence of hematuria ranging from 2100 to 31400 per 100,000 individuals. Asymptomatic [[hematuria]] is common in clinical practice, with a prevalence ranging from 0.18% to 38.7%.<ref name="pmid23312369">Loo RK, Lieberman SF, Slezak JM, Landa HM, Mariani AJ, Nicolaisen G et al. (2013) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23312369 Stratifying risk of urinary tract malignant tumors in patients with asymptomatic microscopic hematuria.] ''Mayo Clin Proc'' 88 (2):129-38. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.10.004 DOI:10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.10.004] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/23312369 23312369]</ref> Transient microscopic hematuria may occur in 6% to 39% of the population studied, but persistent microscopic hematuria in 3 or more consecutive urinalyses occurs less often, and is seen in 0.5% to 2% of the population under study. In the prevalence of underlying [[urinary tract]] disease, there is no clear difference between patients with transient microscopic hematuria and those with persistent microscopic hematuria.<ref>{{cite book | last = Rew | first = Karl | title = Primary care urology | publisher = Saunders | location = Philadelphia, Pa. London | year = 2010 | isbn = 978-1437724899 }}</ref> | ||
=== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
===Prevalence=== | |||
According to the American Urological Association (AUA) guidelines, the [[prevalence]] of hematuria ranging from 2100 to 31400 per 100,000 individuals.<ref name="IngelfingerLongo2021">{{cite journal|last1=Ingelfinger|first1=Julie R.|last2=Longo|first2=Dan L.|title=Hematuria in Adults|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=385|issue=2|year=2021|pages=153–163|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1604481}}</ref> | |||
*Microscopic hematuria is quite common, with a prevalence of approximately 6.5% of adults, varying according to the characteristics of the population.<ref name="pmid230987842">Davis R, Jones JS, Barocas DA, Castle EP, Lang EK, Leveillee RJ et al. (2012) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23098784 Diagnosis, evaluation and follow-up of asymptomatic microhematuria (AMH) in adults: AUA guideline.] ''J Urol'' 188 (6 Suppl):2473-81. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.09.078 DOI:10.1016/j.juro.2012.09.078] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/23098784 23098784]</ref> The prevalence of [[microscopic hematuria]] ranges from 1-20% depending on the population studied and also varies with on age, gender, frequency of testing, threshold used to define MH and presence of risk factors such as smoking.<ref name="pmid230987842">Davis R, Jones JS, Barocas DA, Castle EP, Lang EK, Leveillee RJ et al. (2012) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23098784 Diagnosis, evaluation and follow-up of asymptomatic microhematuria (AMH) in adults: AUA guideline.] ''J Urol'' 188 (6 Suppl):2473-81. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.09.078 DOI:10.1016/j.juro.2012.09.078] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/23098784 23098784]</ref> | |||
=== | ===Age=== | ||
Malignancy of the bladder and kidney is at least twice as common in males than in females. Women are more commonly affected by urinary tract infections. | Young patients are more likely to have intrinsic [[renal]] pathology (i.e. [[glomerulonephritis]] whereas [[malignancy]] is more common in the elderly).<ref>{{cite book | last = Rew | first = Karl | title = Primary care urology | publisher = Saunders | location = Philadelphia, Pa. London | year = 2010 | isbn = 978-1437724899 }}</ref> | ||
===Gender=== | |||
Malignancy of the [[bladder]] and [[kidney]] is at least twice as common in males than in females. Women are more commonly affected by [[Urinary tract infection|urinary tract infections]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
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[[Category:Nephrology]] | [[Category:Nephrology]] | ||
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[[Category:Urologic Disease]] | [[Category:Urologic Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:18, 21 July 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D. Adnan Ezici, M.D[2] Venkata Sivakrishna Kumar Pulivarthi M.B.B.S [3]
Overview
According to the American Urological Association (AUA) guidelines, the prevalence of hematuria ranging from 2100 to 31400 per 100,000 individuals. Asymptomatic hematuria is common in clinical practice, with a prevalence ranging from 0.18% to 38.7%.[1] Transient microscopic hematuria may occur in 6% to 39% of the population studied, but persistent microscopic hematuria in 3 or more consecutive urinalyses occurs less often, and is seen in 0.5% to 2% of the population under study. In the prevalence of underlying urinary tract disease, there is no clear difference between patients with transient microscopic hematuria and those with persistent microscopic hematuria.[2]
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
According to the American Urological Association (AUA) guidelines, the prevalence of hematuria ranging from 2100 to 31400 per 100,000 individuals.[3]
- Microscopic hematuria is quite common, with a prevalence of approximately 6.5% of adults, varying according to the characteristics of the population.[4] The prevalence of microscopic hematuria ranges from 1-20% depending on the population studied and also varies with on age, gender, frequency of testing, threshold used to define MH and presence of risk factors such as smoking.[4]
Age
Young patients are more likely to have intrinsic renal pathology (i.e. glomerulonephritis whereas malignancy is more common in the elderly).[5]
Gender
Malignancy of the bladder and kidney is at least twice as common in males than in females. Women are more commonly affected by urinary tract infections.
References
- ↑ Loo RK, Lieberman SF, Slezak JM, Landa HM, Mariani AJ, Nicolaisen G et al. (2013) Stratifying risk of urinary tract malignant tumors in patients with asymptomatic microscopic hematuria. Mayo Clin Proc 88 (2):129-38. DOI:10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.10.004 PMID: 23312369
- ↑ Rew, Karl (2010). Primary care urology. Philadelphia, Pa. London: Saunders. ISBN 978-1437724899.
- ↑ Ingelfinger, Julie R.; Longo, Dan L. (2021). "Hematuria in Adults". New England Journal of Medicine. 385 (2): 153–163. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1604481. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Davis R, Jones JS, Barocas DA, Castle EP, Lang EK, Leveillee RJ et al. (2012) Diagnosis, evaluation and follow-up of asymptomatic microhematuria (AMH) in adults: AUA guideline. J Urol 188 (6 Suppl):2473-81. DOI:10.1016/j.juro.2012.09.078 PMID: 23098784
- ↑ Rew, Karl (2010). Primary care urology. Philadelphia, Pa. London: Saunders. ISBN 978-1437724899.