Toxic shock syndrome other diagnostic studies: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 00:27, 30 July 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1],Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahshid Mir, M.D. [2]

Overview:

Although the best diagnostic tool for toxic shock syndrome (TSS) diagnosis is with clinical findings and laboratory exams, there are still some specific diagnostic ways to confirm TSS diagnosis.

Frozen-section biopsy

Early recognition of necrotizing fasciitis (NF) can be made by using of specimens of suspected areas of tissue ; however, it requires high expertise to process and interpret biopsy specimens, which is not readily available in most clinical settings where and when patients present^[1].

Staphylococcus aureus antibody testing

Presence of Staphylococcus aureus in the absence of an acute-phase antibody can be highly suggestive of Staphylococcal TSS.

References

↑ Stamenkovic I, Lew PD (1984). "Early recognition of potentially fatal necrotizing fasciitis. The use of frozen-section biopsy". N. Engl. J. Med. 310 (26): 1689–93. doi:10.1056/NEJM198406283102601. PMID 6727947.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[pmid6727947-1] Stamenkovic I, Lew PD (1984). "Early recognition of potentially fatal necrotizing fasciitis. The use of frozen-section biopsy". N. Engl. J. Med. 310 (26): 1689–93. doi:10.1056/NEJM198406283102601. PMID 6727947.

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+__NOTOC__
 {{Toxic shock syndrome}}
 {{CMG}},{{AE}}{{MIR}}
-== Imaging ==
-Different imaging methods during toxic shock syndrome (TSS) evaluation are more useful to assess the disease complications, and for early diagnosis and treatment of complications.
-=== CXR ===
+== Overview: ==
-Diffuse bilateral interstitial and alveolar infiltrates may be seen in CXR (as a result of pulmonary and cardiac complications)
+Although the best [[Diagnosis|diagnostic]] tool for [[toxic shock syndrome]] (TSS) [[diagnosis]] is with clinical findings and laboratory exams, there are still some specific diagnostic ways to confirm TSS diagnosis.
-=== Brain CT-scan ===
-Midline shift, or effacement of the basilar cisterns may be seen due to cerebral edema. Some experts insist in the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging because of its sensitivity, although the imaging technique lacks specificity in the diagnosis of TSS related complications.<ref name="pmid21406630">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kim KT, Kim YJ, Won Lee J, Kim YJ, Park SW, Lim MK, Suh CH |title=Can necrotizing infectious fasciitis be differentiated from nonnecrotizing infectious fasciitis with MR imaging? |journal=Radiology |volume=259 |issue=3 |pages=816–24 |year=2011 |pmid=21406630 |doi=10.1148/radiol.11101164 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23043899">{{cite journal |vauthors=Malghem J, Lecouvet FE, Omoumi P, Maldague BE, Vande Berg BC |title=Necrotizing fasciitis: contribution and limitations of diagnostic imaging |journal=Joint Bone Spine |volume=80 |issue=2 |pages=146–54 |year=2013 |pmid=23043899 |doi=10.1016/j.jbspin.2012.08.009 |url=}}</ref>
-__NOTOC__
 == Frozen-section biopsy ==
-The use of specimens of suspected areas of tissue may enable early recognition of NF; however, the expertise to process and interpret biopsy specimens is not readily available in most clinical settings where and when patients present<ref name="pmid6727947">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stamenkovic I, Lew PD |title=Early recognition of potentially fatal necrotizing fasciitis. The use of frozen-section biopsy |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=310 |issue=26 |pages=1689–93 |year=1984 |pmid=6727947 |doi=10.1056/NEJM198406283102601 |url=}}</ref>.
+Early recognition of [[necrotizing fasciitis]] (NF) can be made by using of specimens of suspected areas of tissue ; however, it requires high expertise to process and interpret [[biopsy]] specimens, which is not readily available in most clinical settings where and when patients present<ref name="pmid6727947">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stamenkovic I, Lew PD |title=Early recognition of potentially fatal necrotizing fasciitis. The use of frozen-section biopsy |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=310 |issue=26 |pages=1689–93 |year=1984 |pmid=6727947 |doi=10.1056/NEJM198406283102601 |url=}}</ref>.
 == Staphylococcus aureus antibody testing ==
-Presence of Staphylococcus aureus in the absence of an acute-phase antibody
+Presence of [[Staphylococcus]] [[Staphylococcus aureus|aureus]] in the absence of an acute-phase [[antibody]] can be highly suggestive of [[Staphylococcus|Staphylococcal]] TSS.
 ==References==
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 [[Category:Disease]]
 [[Category:Syndromes]]
+[[Category:Needs content]]
+[[Category:Emergency mdicine]]
+[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
 [[Category:Infectious disease]]
-[[Category:Needs content]]