Microsporidiosis risk factors: Difference between revisions

	Microsporidiosis Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Microsporidiosis from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory findings
X ray
CT
MRI
Other imaging studies
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Microsporidiosis risk factors On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Microsporidiosis risk factors All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Microsporidiosis risk factors
CDC on Microsporidiosis risk factors
Microsporidiosis risk factors in the news
Blogs on Microsporidiosis risk factors
Directions to Hospitals Treating Microsporidiosis
Risk calculators and risk factors for Microsporidiosis risk factors

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 22:43, 29 July 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2] Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [3]

Overview

The most potent risk factor in the development of microsporidiosis is immunodeficiency. Other risk factors among immunodeficient patients include poor sanitation and contact with poultry droppings.^[1]^[2]

Risk factors

Immunodeficiency is the most important risk factor for developing microsporidiosis. Microsporidiosis is almost always reported in immunodeficient patients:^[1]^[2]

People with an immune deficiency (e.g. as a result of AIDS/HIV)
Organ transplantation patients
Patients undergoing chemotherapy
Patients undergoing radiotherapy
Hematologic malignancies

Risk factors among HIV patients

Intestinal microsporidiosis in persons with HIV infection have been linked with:^[3]

Severe immunodeficiency with CD4⁺ count <100
Male homosexuality
Swimming in pools
Poor sanitation
Contact with poultry droppings

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Didier ES, Weiss LM (2006). "Microsporidiosis: current status". Curr Opin Infect Dis. 19 (5): 485–92. doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000244055.46382.23. PMC 3109650. PMID 16940873.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Anuar TS, Bakar NH, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Moktar N, Osman E (2016). "PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR ASYMPTOMATIC INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIOSIS AMONG ABORIGINAL SCHOOL CHILDREN IN PAHANG, MALAYSIA". Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 47 (3): 441–9. PMID 27405127.
↑ Hutin YJ, Sombardier MN, Liguory O, Sarfati C, Derouin F, Modaï J; et al. (1998). "Risk factors for intestinal microsporidiosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a case-control study". J Infect Dis. 178 (3): 904–7. PMID 9728570.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[pmid16940873-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Didier ES, Weiss LM (2006). "Microsporidiosis: current status". Curr Opin Infect Dis. 19 (5): 485–92. doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000244055.46382.23. PMC 3109650. PMID 16940873.

[pmid27405127-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Anuar TS, Bakar NH, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Moktar N, Osman E (2016). "PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR ASYMPTOMATIC INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIOSIS AMONG ABORIGINAL SCHOOL CHILDREN IN PAHANG, MALAYSIA". Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 47 (3): 441–9. PMID 27405127.

[pmid9728570-3] Hutin YJ, Sombardier MN, Liguory O, Sarfati C, Derouin F, Modaï J; et al. (1998). "Risk factors for intestinal microsporidiosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a case-control study". J Infect Dis. 178 (3): 904–7. PMID 9728570.

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Microsporidiosis}}
-{{CMG}}; {{Ochuko}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AY}} {{Ochuko}}
 ==Overview==
-Poor sanitary conditions, immunocompromised states from HIV infection and exposure to animals have been implicated in the transmission of microsporidia infection.<ref name="pmid16940873">{{cite journal| author=Didier ES, Weiss LM| title=Microsporidiosis: current status. | journal=Curr Opin Infect Dis | year= 2006 | volume= 19 | issue= 5 | pages= 485-92 | pmid=16940873 | doi=10.1097/01.qco.0000244055.46382.23 | pmc=3109650 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16940873  }} </ref>
+The most potent risk factor in the development of microsporidiosis is [[immunodeficiency]]. Other risk factors among [[Immunodeficiency|immunodeficient]] patients include poor sanitation and contact with poultry droppings.<ref name="pmid16940873">{{cite journal| author=Didier ES, Weiss LM| title=Microsporidiosis: current status. | journal=Curr Opin Infect Dis | year= 2006 | volume= 19 | issue= 5 | pages= 485-92 | pmid=16940873 | doi=10.1097/01.qco.0000244055.46382.23 | pmc=3109650 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16940873  }} </ref><ref name="pmid27405127">{{cite journal| author=Anuar TS, Bakar NH, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Moktar N, Osman E| title=PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR ASYMPTOMATIC INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIOSIS AMONG ABORIGINAL SCHOOL CHILDREN IN PAHANG, MALAYSIA. | journal=Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health | year= 2016 | volume= 47 | issue= 3 | pages= 441-9 | pmid=27405127 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27405127  }} </ref>
-==Risk Factors==
+==Risk factors==
-Intestinal microsporidiosis in persons with HIV infection have been linked with male homosexuality and swimming in pools, suggesting a fecal-oral transmission, including sexual and waterborne routes.<ref name="pmid9728570">{{cite journal| author=Hutin YJ, Sombardier MN, Liguory O, Sarfati C, Derouin F, Modaï J et al.| title=Risk factors for intestinal microsporidiosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a case-control study. | journal=J Infect Dis | year= 1998 | volume= 178 | issue= 3 | pages= 904-7 | pmid=9728570 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9728570  }} </ref>
+[[Immunodeficiency]] is the most important risk factor for developing microsporidiosis. Microsporidiosis is almost always reported in [[Immunodeficiency|immunodeficient patients:]]<ref name="pmid16940873">{{cite journal| author=Didier ES, Weiss LM| title=Microsporidiosis: current status. | journal=Curr Opin Infect Dis | year= 2006 | volume= 19 | issue= 5 | pages= 485-92 | pmid=16940873 | doi=10.1097/01.qco.0000244055.46382.23 | pmc=3109650 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16940873  }} </ref><ref name="pmid27405127">{{cite journal| author=Anuar TS, Bakar NH, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Moktar N, Osman E| title=PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR ASYMPTOMATIC INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIOSIS AMONG ABORIGINAL SCHOOL CHILDREN IN PAHANG, MALAYSIA. | journal=Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health | year= 2016 | volume= 47 | issue= 3 | pages= 441-9 | pmid=27405127 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27405127  }} </ref>
+*People with an [[immune deficiency]] (e.g. as a result of [[AIDS]]/[[HIV]])
+*[[Organ transplantation]] patients
+*Patients undergoing [[chemotherapy]]
+*Patients undergoing [[radiotherapy]]
+*[[Hematological malignancies|Hematologic malignancies]]
+===Risk factors among HIV patients===
+Intestinal microsporidiosis in persons with HIV infection have been linked with:<ref name="pmid9728570">{{cite journal| author=Hutin YJ, Sombardier MN, Liguory O, Sarfati C, Derouin F, Modaï J et al.| title=Risk factors for intestinal microsporidiosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a case-control study. | journal=J Infect Dis | year= 1998 | volume= 178 | issue= 3 | pages= 904-7 | pmid=9728570 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9728570  }} </ref>
+*[[Immunodeficiency|Severe immunodeficiency]] with [[CD4|CD4<sup>+</sup>]] count <100
+*[[Homosexual|Male homosexuality]]
+*Swimming in pools
+*Poor [[sanitation]]
+*Contact with poultry droppings
 ==References==
 {{Reflist|2}}
+{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
+{{WikiDoc Sources}}
 [[Category:Gastroenterology]]
 [[Category:Digestive diseases]]
-[[Category:Infectious disease]]
 [[Category:Disease]]
 [[Category:Needs content]]
-{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
+[[Category:Emergency mdicine]]
-{{WikiDoc Sources}}
+[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
+[[Category:Infectious disease]]
+[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
+[[Category:Neurology]]
+[[Category:Dermatology]]