Hyperparathyroidism physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
*Physical examination of patients with hyperparathyroidism is usually unremarkable. | *Physical examination of patients with hyperparathyroidism is usually unremarkable.<ref name="pmid21321169">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pallan S, Khan A |title=Primary hyperparathyroidism: Update on presentation, diagnosis, and management in primary care |journal=Can Fam Physician |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=184–9 |year=2011 |pmid=21321169 |pmc=3038812 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Patients may have physical findings due to severe [[hypercalcemia]] and other [[Hyperparathyroidism natural history, complications and prognosis#Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis|complications of hyperparathyroidism]]. | *Patients may have physical findings due to severe [[hypercalcemia]] and other [[Hyperparathyroidism natural history, complications and prognosis#Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis|complications of hyperparathyroidism]].<ref name="pmid11350446">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mishra SK, Agarwal G, Kar DK, Gupta SK, Mithal A, Rastad J |title=Unique clinical characteristics of primary hyperparathyroidism in India |journal=Br J Surg |volume=88 |issue=5 |pages=708–14 |year=2001 |pmid=11350446 |doi=10.1046/j.0007-1323.2001.01775.x |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Appearance of the Patient=== | ===Appearance of the Patient=== | ||
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===Extremities=== | ===Extremities=== | ||
*Swelling of feet and ankles due to [[renal failure]] | *Swelling of feet and [[Ankle|ankles]] due to [[renal failure]] | ||
*[[Arthralgia]] due to bone [[resorption]] | *[[Arthralgia]] due to bone [[resorption]] | ||
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{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
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[[Category:Disease]] | |||
[[Category:Medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Endocrinology]] | |||
[[Category:Parathyroid disorders]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
Latest revision as of 22:16, 29 July 2020
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Hyperparathyroidism Microchapters |
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Hyperparathyroidism physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hyperparathyroidism physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hyperparathyroidism physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[2]
Overview
Physical examination of patients with hyperparathyroidism is usually unremarkable. Patients may have physical findings due to severe hypercalcemia and other complications of hyperparathyroidism.
Physical Examination
- Physical examination of patients with hyperparathyroidism is usually unremarkable.[1]
- Patients may have physical findings due to severe hypercalcemia and other complications of hyperparathyroidism.[2]
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with hyperparathyroidism usually appear well.
Vital Signs
- Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
- High blood pressure due to hypercalcemia and renal failure
Skin
- Persistent itching may be present due to renal failure
HEENT
- Patients with severe hypercalcemia may have:
- Band keratopathy (calcium precipitation in a horizontal band across the cornea in the palpebral aperture); may lead to vision impairment
Lungs
- Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
- Dyspnea due to fluid overload form renal failure
Cardiovasvular
- Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
- Palpitations due to arrhythmias
- Shortened QT interval
- Chest pain due to fluid overload form renal failure
- Rales and S3 due to fluid overload form renal failure
Abdomen
- Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
- Nausea and vomiting
- Anorexia
- Fecal impaction (from constipation)
- Epigastric pain and tenderness due to development of pancreatitis
- Flank pain and tenderness due to nephrolithiasis
Genitourinary
- Patients with severe hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
- Alteration in urinary habits
- Volume depletion
- Signs of renal failure
Neuromuscular
- Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time.
- Patients with severe hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
- Anxiety
- Fatigue and weakness due to renal failure
- Lethargy
- Sleep disturbances
- Muscle twitch and cramps
- Signs of depression
- Confusion
- Memory disturbances
- Hypotonia
- Hyporeflexia
- Paresis
- Coma
Extremities
- Swelling of feet and ankles due to renal failure
- Arthralgia due to bone resorption
References
- ↑ Pallan S, Khan A (2011). "Primary hyperparathyroidism: Update on presentation, diagnosis, and management in primary care". Can Fam Physician. 57 (2): 184–9. PMC 3038812. PMID 21321169.
- ↑ Mishra SK, Agarwal G, Kar DK, Gupta SK, Mithal A, Rastad J (2001). "Unique clinical characteristics of primary hyperparathyroidism in India". Br J Surg. 88 (5): 708–14. doi:10.1046/j.0007-1323.2001.01775.x. PMID 11350446.