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==Overview==
==Overview==
Hirsutism is classified using 11 body areas to assess hair growth using the Ferriman–Gallwey score, a method of evaluating and quantifying hirsutism in women.  
There is no established system for the classification of hirsutism. However, Ferriman Gallwey scoring system is used to assess the severity of hirsutism based on the degree of excess male pattern body hair. In this method, different body areas are determined to assess hair growth.


==Classification==
==Classification==
The Ferriman–Gallwey score is a method of evaluating and quantifying hirsutism in women. The method was originally published in 1961 by D. Ferriman and J.D. Gallwey in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology.<ref name="pmid13892577">{{cite journal| author=FERRIMAN D, GALLWEY JD| title=Clinical assessment of body hair growth in women. | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 1961 | volume= 21 | issue=  | pages= 1440-7 | pmid=13892577 | doi=10.1210/jcem-21-11-1440 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13892577  }} </ref>. The original method used 11 body areas to assess hair growth, but was decreased to 9 body areas in the modified method:
 
=== The Ferriman–Gallwey score ===
The Ferriman–Gallwey score is a method of evaluating and quantifying hirsutism in women. The method was originally published in 1961 by D. Ferriman and J.D. Gallwey in the Journal of Clinical [[Endocrinology]].<ref name="pmid13892577">{{cite journal| author=FERRIMAN D, GALLWEY JD| title=Clinical assessment of body hair growth in women. | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 1961 | volume= 21 | issue=  | pages= 1440-7 | pmid=13892577 | doi=10.1210/jcem-21-11-1440 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13892577  }} </ref> The original method used 11 body areas to assess hair growth, but was decreased to 9 body areas in the modified method:<ref name="pmid13892577" />


*Upper lip
*Upper lip
*Chin
*[[Chin]]
*Chest
*[[Chest]]
*Upper back
*Upper back
*Lower back
*[[Lower back]]
*Upper abdomen
*Upper [[abdomen]]
*Lower abdomen
*Lower [[abdomen]]
*Upper arms
*Upper arms
*Forearms (deleted in the modified method)
*Forearms (deleted in the modified method)
Line 21: Line 23:
*Legs (deleted in the modified method)
*Legs (deleted in the modified method)


In the modified method, hair growth is rated from 0 (no growth of [[terminal hair]]) to 4 (extensive hair growth) in each of the nine locations. A patient's score may therefore range from a minimum score of 0 to a maximum score of 36. In Caucasian women, a score of 8 or higher is regarded as indicative of [[androgen]] excess. With other ethnic groups, the amount of hair expected for that ethnicity should be considered.
=== Modified Ferriman–Gallwey score ===
In the modified method, hair growth is graded/staged from 0 (no growth of [[terminal hair]]) to 4 (extensive hair growth) in each of the nine locations.
* Scores may vary from a minimum score of 0 to a maximum score of 36.
* In Caucasian women, a score of 8 or higher is considered to be due to [[androgen]] excess.
* The pattern and extension of hair growth on the body varies according to the ethnicity of the patient.
 
=== Further modifications ===
There were further modifications in 2001 to include a total of 19 locations.
* The added additional areas included in these modifications include:<ref>Goodman N, Bledsoe M, Cobin R, Futterweit W, Goldzieher J, Petak S, Smith K, Steinberger E: [https://www.aace.com/sites/default/files/hyperandrogenism2001.pdf "American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Hyperandrogenism Guidelines"]. ''Endocrine Practice'' 2001; 7(2):120–134</ref>


The method was further modified in 2001 to include a total of 19 locations, with the 10 extra locations being; sideburns, neck, buttocks, [[inguinal]] area, perianal area, forearm, leg, foot, toes and fingers. Each area has its own specified definition of the four-point scale.<ref>Goodman N, Bledsoe M, Cobin R, Futterweit W, Goldzieher J, Petak S, Smith K, Steinberger E: [https://www.aace.com/sites/default/files/hyperandrogenism2001.pdf "American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Hyperandrogenism Guidelines"]. ''Endocrine Practice'' 2001; 7(2):120–134</ref>
* [[Sideburns]]
* [[Neck]]
* [[Buttocks]]
* [[Inguinal]] area
* Perianal area
* [[Forearm]]
* [[Leg]]
* [[Foot]]
* [[Toe|Toes]]
* [[Fingers]]
* Each area has its own specified definition of the four-point scale


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 14:57, 7 November 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: ; Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2] Rasam Hajiannasab M.D.[3]

Overview

There is no established system for the classification of hirsutism. However, Ferriman Gallwey scoring system is used to assess the severity of hirsutism based on the degree of excess male pattern body hair. In this method, different body areas are determined to assess hair growth.

Classification

The Ferriman–Gallwey score

The Ferriman–Gallwey score is a method of evaluating and quantifying hirsutism in women. The method was originally published in 1961 by D. Ferriman and J.D. Gallwey in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology.[1] The original method used 11 body areas to assess hair growth, but was decreased to 9 body areas in the modified method:[1]

  • Upper lip
  • Chin
  • Chest
  • Upper back
  • Lower back
  • Upper abdomen
  • Lower abdomen
  • Upper arms
  • Forearms (deleted in the modified method)
  • Thighs
  • Legs (deleted in the modified method)

Modified Ferriman–Gallwey score

In the modified method, hair growth is graded/staged from 0 (no growth of terminal hair) to 4 (extensive hair growth) in each of the nine locations.

  • Scores may vary from a minimum score of 0 to a maximum score of 36.
  • In Caucasian women, a score of 8 or higher is considered to be due to androgen excess.
  • The pattern and extension of hair growth on the body varies according to the ethnicity of the patient.

Further modifications

There were further modifications in 2001 to include a total of 19 locations.

  • The added additional areas included in these modifications include:[2]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 FERRIMAN D, GALLWEY JD (1961). "Clinical assessment of body hair growth in women". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 21: 1440–7. doi:10.1210/jcem-21-11-1440. PMID 13892577.
  2. ↑ Goodman N, Bledsoe M, Cobin R, Futterweit W, Goldzieher J, Petak S, Smith K, Steinberger E: "American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Hyperandrogenism Guidelines". Endocrine Practice 2001; 7(2):120–134

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