Prolactinoma natural history, complications, and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
Complications of [[prolactinoma]] include: | Complications of [[prolactinoma]] include: | ||
* | *[[Pituitary apoplexy]]<ref name="pmid15191331">{{cite journal| author=Liu JK, Couldwell WT| title=Contemporary management of prolactinomas. | journal=Neurosurg Focus | year= 2004 | volume= 16 | issue= 4 | pages= E2 | pmid=15191331 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15191331 }} </ref> | ||
** [[Pituitary apoplexy]] usually presents with sudden onset of excruciating [[headache]], [[diplopia]], and [[visual impairment]]. | ** [[Pituitary apoplexy]] usually presents with sudden onset of excruciating [[headache]], [[diplopia]], and [[visual impairment]]. | ||
** [[Headache]] is most common [[symptom]] and is usually associated with [[nausea]] and [[vomiting]]. | ** [[Headache]] is most common [[symptom]] and is usually associated with [[nausea]] and [[vomiting]]. | ||
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Latest revision as of 23:49, 29 July 2020
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Prolactinoma Microchapters |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[2], Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [3]
Overview
If left untreated, 95% of cases of prolactinoma will not show any signs of growth during the first 4 to 6 years. Complications of prolactinoma include pituitary apoplexy and vision loss. Prognosis is generally excellent for cases of microprolactinoma.
Natural History
If left untreated, 95% of cases of prolactinoma will not show any signs of growth during the first 4 to 6 years. Sometimes, it may lead to premature osteoporosis in both sexes due to hyperprolactinomia.[1]
Complications
Complications of prolactinoma include:
- Pituitary apoplexy[1]
- Pituitary apoplexy usually presents with sudden onset of excruciating headache, diplopia, and visual impairment.
- Headache is most common symptom and is usually associated with nausea and vomiting.
| Hemorrhage and/or infarction in prolactinoma | |||||||||||||||||||
| Rapid enlargement of tumor | |||||||||||||||||||
| Compression of sella and para sellar structures | |||||||||||||||||||
- Tumor regrowth (after resection)
- Blindness
- In pregnancy, excessive estrogen may cause increased tumor growth
Prognosis
- Prognosis is excellent for cases of microprolactinoma.
- Depending on the size of the tumor and the extent of tumor resection, the rate of recurrence may range from 20% to 50%.
- The majority of recurrent prolactinomas develop within the first 5 years.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Liu JK, Couldwell WT (2004). "Contemporary management of prolactinomas". Neurosurg Focus. 16 (4): E2. PMID 15191331.
- ↑ http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/endocrine/prolactinoma/Pages/fact-sheet.aspx