Zenker's diverticulum causes: Difference between revisions
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{{Zenker's diverticulum}} | {{Zenker's diverticulum}} | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{Ajay}} | ||
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[Zenker's diverticulum]] (ZD) also known as pharyngosophageal [[diverticulum]]. It is an acquired sac-like outpouching of the [[Mucous membrane|mucosa]] and [[submucosa]] layers originating from the pharyngoesophageal junction. [[Killian's dehiscence]] a pulsion of false [[diverticulum]] occurring [[dorsally]] at the [[Pharyngoesophageal diverticulum|pharyngoesophageal]] wall surrounded by the oblique inferior [[pharyngeal]] [[Constrictor pharyngis medius|constrictor]] muscle and the transversal fibers of the [[cricopharyngeal muscle]]. [[Zenker's diverticulum|ZD]] occurs due to increased [[intraluminal]] [[pressure]] in the [[oropharynx]] during [[swallowing]], against an inadequate relaxation of the [[cricopharyngeal muscle]]. An incomplete opening of the [[Upper Esophageal Sphincter (UES)]] causing the protrusion of the [[Mucous membrane|mucosa]] through an area of relative weakness at the dorsal pharyngoesophageal wall. The pharyngoesophageal phase of [[swallowing]] is affected in ZD resulting in hindering the [[neuromuscular]] functions such as chewing, initiating the swallowing, and propulsion of the food from the [[oropharynx]] into the cervical [[esophagus]]. | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
ZD is caused by<ref name="urlZenkers diverticula: pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and flexible endoscopic management. - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18197932/ |title=Zenker's diverticula: pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and flexible endoscopic management. - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlCause and treatment of epiphrenic diverticula. - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16307941 |title=Cause and treatment of epiphrenic diverticula. - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlZenkers diverticulum: exploring treatment options. - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24043908 |title=Zenker's diverticulum: exploring treatment options. - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlZenkers diverticulum. - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9618133 |title=Zenker's diverticulum. - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="url[The physiopathological basis for Zenkers diverticulum]. - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10448579 |title=[The physiopathological basis for Zenker's diverticulum]. - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="url[The physiopathological basis for Zenkers diverticulum]. - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10448579 |title=[The physiopathological basis for Zenker's diverticulum]. - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | [[Zenker's diverticulum|ZD]] is caused by<ref name="urlZenkers diverticula: pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and flexible endoscopic management. - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18197932/ |title=Zenker's diverticula: pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and flexible endoscopic management. - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlCause and treatment of epiphrenic diverticula. - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16307941 |title=Cause and treatment of epiphrenic diverticula. - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlZenkers diverticulum: exploring treatment options. - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24043908 |title=Zenker's diverticulum: exploring treatment options. - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlZenkers diverticulum. - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9618133 |title=Zenker's diverticulum. - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="url[The physiopathological basis for Zenkers diverticulum]. - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10448579 |title=[The physiopathological basis for Zenker's diverticulum]. - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="url[The physiopathological basis for Zenkers diverticulum]. - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10448579 |title=[The physiopathological basis for Zenker's diverticulum]. - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
*Zenker's diverticulum also known as pharyngosophageal diverticulum. | *[[Zenker's diverticulum]] also known as pharyngosophageal [[diverticulum]]. | ||
*It is an acquired sac-like outpouching of the mucosa and submucosa layers originating from the pharyngoesophageal junction. | *It is an acquired sac-like outpouching of the [[Mucous membrane|mucosa]] and [[submucosa]] layers originating from the pharyngoesophageal junction. | ||
*Since it involves only the mucosa and submucosa it is a false diverticulum. | *Since it involves only the [[Mucous membrane|mucosa]] and [[submucosa]] it is a false [[Diverticulum|diverticulum.]] | ||
*Killian's dehiscence- pulsion false diverticulum occurring dorsally at the pharyngoesophageal wall bounded by the propulsive oblique inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle and the transversal fibers of the cricopharyngeal muscle | *[[Killian's dehiscence]]- pulsion false [[diverticulum]] occurring [[dorsally]] at the pharyngoesophageal wall bounded by the propulsive oblique [[inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle]] and the transversal fibers of the [[cricopharyngeal muscle]] | ||
*ZD occurs due to increased intraluminal pressure in the oropharynx during swallowing, against an inadequate relaxation of the cricopharyngeal muscle, | *[[Zenker's diverticulum|ZD]] occurs due to increased [[intraluminal]] pressure in the [[oropharynx]] during swallowing, against an inadequate relaxation of the [[cricopharyngeal muscle]], | ||
*A subsequent incomplete opening of the UES, causing the protrusion of the mucosa through an area of relative weakness at the dorsal pharyngoesophageal wall. | *A subsequent incomplete opening of the UES, causing the protrusion of the [[Mucous membrane|mucosa]] through an area of relative [[weakness]] at the [[dorsal]] [[Pharyngoesophageal diverticulum|pharyngoesophageal]] wall. | ||
*ZD cause the disorder of the pharyngoesophageal phase of swallowing. | *[[Zenker's diverticulum|ZD]] cause the disorder of the [[Pharyngoesophageal diverticulum|pharyngoesophageal]] phase of [[swallowing]]. | ||
*The neuromuscular functions such as chewing, initiating the swallowing, and propulsion of the food from the oropharynx into the cervical esophagus. | *The [[neuromuscular]] functions such as chewing, initiating the [[swallowing]], and propulsion of the food from the [[oropharynx]] into the [[cervical]] [[esophagus]]. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 02:05, 7 December 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ajay Gade MD[2]]
Overview
Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) also known as pharyngosophageal diverticulum. It is an acquired sac-like outpouching of the mucosa and submucosa layers originating from the pharyngoesophageal junction. Killian's dehiscence a pulsion of false diverticulum occurring dorsally at the pharyngoesophageal wall surrounded by the oblique inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle and the transversal fibers of the cricopharyngeal muscle. ZD occurs due to increased intraluminal pressure in the oropharynx during swallowing, against an inadequate relaxation of the cricopharyngeal muscle. An incomplete opening of the Upper Esophageal Sphincter (UES) causing the protrusion of the mucosa through an area of relative weakness at the dorsal pharyngoesophageal wall. The pharyngoesophageal phase of swallowing is affected in ZD resulting in hindering the neuromuscular functions such as chewing, initiating the swallowing, and propulsion of the food from the oropharynx into the cervical esophagus.
Causes
ZD is caused by[1][2][3][4][5][5]
- Zenker's diverticulum also known as pharyngosophageal diverticulum.
- It is an acquired sac-like outpouching of the mucosa and submucosa layers originating from the pharyngoesophageal junction.
- Since it involves only the mucosa and submucosa it is a false diverticulum.
- Killian's dehiscence- pulsion false diverticulum occurring dorsally at the pharyngoesophageal wall bounded by the propulsive oblique inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle and the transversal fibers of the cricopharyngeal muscle
- ZD occurs due to increased intraluminal pressure in the oropharynx during swallowing, against an inadequate relaxation of the cricopharyngeal muscle,
- A subsequent incomplete opening of the UES, causing the protrusion of the mucosa through an area of relative weakness at the dorsal pharyngoesophageal wall.
- ZD cause the disorder of the pharyngoesophageal phase of swallowing.
- The neuromuscular functions such as chewing, initiating the swallowing, and propulsion of the food from the oropharynx into the cervical esophagus.
References
- ↑ "Zenker's diverticula: pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and flexible endoscopic management. - PubMed - NCBI".
- ↑ "Cause and treatment of epiphrenic diverticula. - PubMed - NCBI".
- ↑ "Zenker's diverticulum: exploring treatment options. - PubMed - NCBI".
- ↑ "Zenker's diverticulum. - PubMed - NCBI".
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "[The physiopathological basis for Zenker's diverticulum]. - PubMed - NCBI".