Hepatorenal syndrome classification: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The classification of | The classification of hepatorenal syndrome is based on the deteriorating function of [[kidney]] in to two types: type 1 rapidly progressive and type 2 HRS, slowly progressive. | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
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==== Classification on basis of mechanism of kidney injury in presence of liver failure: ==== | ==== Classification on basis of mechanism of kidney injury in presence of liver failure: ==== | ||
# '''Hypovoluemia induced kidney injury:''' It occurs due to loss of fluid through [[Gastrointestinal tract|GIT]] or [[Gastrointestinal tract|GI]] bleed in presence of liver failure which predisposed [[kidney]] to hypovolumic injury. | # '''Hypovoluemia induced kidney injury:''' It occurs due to loss of fluid through [[Gastrointestinal tract|GIT]] or [[Gastrointestinal tract|GI]] bleed in presence of liver failure which predisposed [[kidney]] to hypovolumic injury. | ||
# '''Parencheymal renal disease:''' In presence | # '''Parencheymal renal disease:''' In presence [[proteinuria]] above 500 mg/dl and [[hematuria]] above 50 red cells points to kidney injury primarily otherwise it points to liver damage promoting kidney injury. | ||
# '''Drug induced hepato-nephrotoxicity:''' When drugs like acetaminophen and anti microbial causing | # '''Drug induced hepato-nephrotoxicity:''' When drugs like [[acetaminophen]] and anti microbial causing [[hepatotoxicity]] and [[nephrotoxicity]] are taken together they can also produce combed damage. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 19:27, 21 December 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sunny Kumar MD [2]
Overview
The classification of hepatorenal syndrome is based on the deteriorating function of kidney in to two types: type 1 rapidly progressive and type 2 HRS, slowly progressive.
Classification
The hepatorenal syndrome is defined as renal failure that occurs in the setting of liver disease as follows:
Type I HRS
Type I HRS is characterized by rapidly progressive renal failure with a doubling of serum creatinine to a level greater than 221 μmol/L (2.5 mg/dL) or a halving of the creatinine clearance to less than 20 mL/min over a period of less than 2 weeks.
Type II HRS
Type II HRS is characterized by a slowly progressive:
- Increase in serum creatinine level to greater than 133 μmol/L (1.5 mg/dL) or a creatinine clearance of less than 40 mL/min.
- Urine sodium < 10 meq/dl. [1]
Classification on basis of mechanism of kidney injury in presence of liver failure:
- Hypovoluemia induced kidney injury: It occurs due to loss of fluid through GIT or GI bleed in presence of liver failure which predisposed kidney to hypovolumic injury.
- Parencheymal renal disease: In presence proteinuria above 500 mg/dl and hematuria above 50 red cells points to kidney injury primarily otherwise it points to liver damage promoting kidney injury.
- Drug induced hepato-nephrotoxicity: When drugs like acetaminophen and anti microbial causing hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity are taken together they can also produce combed damage.