Gastric dumping syndrome primary prevention: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 19:50, 13 December 2017

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Umar Ahmad, M.D.[2]

Overview

Effective measures for the primary prevention of dumping syndrome include preventing or avoiding surgery and preventing risk factor exposure. No vaccines are available for dumping syndrome.

Primary Prevention

Effective measures for the primary prevention of dumping syndrome include avoiding surgery, preventing risk factor exposure and a specific post-surgical diet.

There are no available vaccines against dumping syndrome.
Intravenous fluid substitution is not effective in preventing early dumping symptoms.^[1]^[2]
Continuous enteral feeding may be help in avoiding dumping symptoms after meal ingestion. However this is not suggested because it is invasive.

Diet

Dietary Modifications (Level III; Grade B)

Decrease carbohydrate intake^[3]^[4]
- Avoid simple sugars like soda, candy sweets, and cookies
Fluid restriction
- Wait at least 30 minutes after a meal before drinking
Increase protein intake
Increase fat intake
Increase fiber intake
Dairy and dairy product restriction
Shorter meals
Eat slowly
Chew properly
Lying supine for 30 minutes after a meal
Glycemic index education of foods is important

Dietary Foods

The following is a table that illustrates the types of food to take and avoid in the case of dumping syndrome.

Breads, Cereals, Rice and Pasta	Foods To Choose	Foods to Avoid
6-11 servings each day One serving equals: 1 slice bread, 1 cup ready-to-eat cereal 1/2 cup cooked cereal, rice, or pasta	Breads, bagels, rolls, unsweetened cereals, pasta, potatoes, rice, crackers, and soup (only if taken one hour after solid foods at medium temperature).	Sweet rolls and doughnuts Sweetened cereals Pancakes and waffles with syrup Soup (taken with solid foods)
Fruits	Foods to Choose	Foods To Avoid
2-4 servings each day One serving equals: 1 medium size fresh, 1/2 cup canned, 3/4 cup juice	All fresh fruit Drained, unsweetened canned fruit Unsweetened frozen fruit 100 percent pure juice (taken one hour after meals)	Canned fruits in heavy syrup Sweetened frozen fruit Sweetened juice (that is, punch or sports drinks) Candied fruit
Milk and Dairy Products	Foods To Choose	Foods to Avoid
Limit to 2 servings each day One serving equals: 1 cup milk or yogurt	Plain or unsweetened yogurt Skim, 2 percent, or whole milk (taken one hour after meals)	Milkshakes and chocolate milk Sweetened yogurt
Meats, Poultry, Fish, Dry Beans, Peas, Eggs and Cheese	Foods to Choose	Foods to Avoid
2-3 servings or a total of six ounces daily One serving equals: 2-3 ounces cooked meat, chicken, or fish (about the size of a deck of cards) or 1/2 to 3/4 cup cottage cheese or tuna fish or one egg, 1/2 cup cooked beans, two tablespoons peanut butter, or one ounce of cheese. Choose leaner cuts of beef and meat and limit the amount of high-fat items like eggs and cheese.	All meat, fish, poultry, peanut butter, cheese, eggs, and dried beans or legumes	Any not tolerated
Vegetables	Foods to Choose	Foods to Avoid
3-5 servings each day One serving equals: 1 cup raw, 1/2 cup cooked or chopped.	All vegetables	Any not tolerated
Fats, Condiments and Beverages	Foods to Choose	Foods to Avoid
	All butter, margarine, cream, oil, and salad dressings Salt, herbs, spices, and condiments Any sugar-free beverage (coffee, tea, diet soda, etc., taken one hour after solids)	Sweet pickles or relish Sweetened drinks (regular lemonade, soda) Any others not tolerated
Snacks, Sweets, and Desserts	Foods to Choose	Foods to Avoid
	Sugar-free gelatin Sugar-free pudding Sugar-free candy Sugar substitutes	Sugar Candy and chocolate Cakes and cookies Ice cream and sherbet Honey, syrup, and jelly Sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, xylitol, and mannitol

References

↑ JOHNSON LP, SLOOP RD, JESSEPH JE (1962). "Etiologic significance of the early symptomatic phase in the dumping syndrome". Ann. Surg. 156: 173–9. PMC 1466323. PMID 14452070.
↑ "www.practicalgastro.com" (PDF).
↑ Meier, J. J.; Butler, A. E.; Galasso, R.; Butler, P. C. (2006). "Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia After Gastric Bypass Surgery Is Not Accompanied by Islet Hyperplasia or Increased -Cell Turnover". Diabetes Care. 29 (7): 1554–1559. doi:10.2337/dc06-0392. ISSN 0149-5992.
↑ Kellogg TA, Bantle JP, Leslie DB, Redmond JB, Slusarek B, Swan T, Buchwald H, Ikramuddin S (2008). "Postgastric bypass hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia syndrome: characterization and response to a modified diet". Surg Obes Relat Dis. 4 (4): 492–9. doi:10.1016/j.soard.2008.05.005. PMID 18656831.

Template:WH Template:WS

[pmid14452070-1] JOHNSON LP, SLOOP RD, JESSEPH JE (1962). "Etiologic significance of the early symptomatic phase in the dumping syndrome". Ann. Surg. 156: 173–9. PMC 1466323. PMID 14452070.

[urlwww.practicalgastro.com-2] "www.practicalgastro.com" (PDF).

[MeierButler2006-3] Meier, J. J.; Butler, A. E.; Galasso, R.; Butler, P. C. (2006). "Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia After Gastric Bypass Surgery Is Not Accompanied by Islet Hyperplasia or Increased -Cell Turnover". Diabetes Care. 29 (7): 1554–1559. doi:10.2337/dc06-0392. ISSN 0149-5992.

[pmid18656831-4] Kellogg TA, Bantle JP, Leslie DB, Redmond JB, Slusarek B, Swan T, Buchwald H, Ikramuddin S (2008). "Postgastric bypass hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia syndrome: characterization and response to a modified diet". Surg Obes Relat Dis. 4 (4): 492–9. doi:10.1016/j.soard.2008.05.005. PMID 18656831.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Gastric dumping syndrome}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{UA}}
 ==Overview==
-Effective measures for the primary prevention of dumping syndrome include preventing or avoiding surgery and preventing risk factor exposure. No vaccines are available for dumping syndrome.
+Effective measures for the primary [[Prevention (medical)|prevention]] of [[Gastric dumping syndrome|dumping syndrome]] include preventing or avoiding [[surgery]] and preventing [[risk factor]] exposure. No [[Vaccine|vaccines]] are available for [[Gastric dumping syndrome|dumping syndrome]].
 ==Primary Prevention==
-Effective measures for the primary prevention of dumping syndrome include avoiding surgery, preventing risk factor exposure and a specific post-surgical diet.
+Effective measures for the primary [[Prevention (medical)|prevention]] of [[Gastric dumping syndrome|dumping syndrome]] include avoiding [[surgery]], preventing [[risk factor]] exposure and a specific post-surgical [[Diet (nutrition)|diet]].
-* There are no available vaccines against dumping syndrome.
+* There are no available [[Vaccine|vaccines]] against [[Gastric dumping syndrome|dumping syndrome]].
+* [[Intravenous fluid]] substitution is not effective in preventing early dumping [[Symptom|symptoms]].<ref name="pmid14452070">{{cite journal |vauthors=JOHNSON LP, SLOOP RD, JESSEPH JE |title=Etiologic significance of the early symptomatic phase in the dumping syndrome |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=156 |issue= |pages=173–9 |year=1962 |pmid=14452070 |pmc=1466323 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlwww.practicalgastro.com">{{cite web |url=https://www.practicalgastro.com/pdf/February06/UklejaArticle.pdf |title=www.practicalgastro.com |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
+* Continuous [[Feeding tube|enteral feeding]] may be help in avoiding dumping [[Symptom|symptoms]] after meal [[ingestion]]. However this is not suggested because it is [[Invasive (medical)|invasive]].
+===Diet===
+'''Dietary Modifications (Level III; Grade B)'''
+* Decrease [[carbohydrate]] intake<ref name="MeierButler2006">{{cite journal|last1=Meier|first1=J. J.|last2=Butler|first2=A. E.|last3=Galasso|first3=R.|last4=Butler|first4=P. C.|title=Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia After Gastric Bypass Surgery Is Not Accompanied by Islet Hyperplasia or Increased  -Cell Turnover|journal=Diabetes Care|volume=29|issue=7|year=2006|pages=1554–1559|issn=0149-5992|doi=10.2337/dc06-0392}}</ref><ref name="pmid18656831">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kellogg TA, Bantle JP, Leslie DB, Redmond JB, Slusarek B, Swan T, Buchwald H, Ikramuddin S |title=Postgastric bypass hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia syndrome: characterization and response to a modified diet |journal=Surg Obes Relat Dis |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=492–9 |year=2008 |pmid=18656831 |doi=10.1016/j.soard.2008.05.005 |url=}}</ref>
+** Avoid simple [[Sugar|sugars]] like soda, candy sweets, and cookies
+* [[Fluid]] restriction
+** Wait at least 30 minutes after a meal before drinking
+* Increase [[protein]] intake
+* Increase [[fat]] intake
+* Increase fiber intake
+* [[Dairy]] and [[dairy]] product restriction
+* Shorter meals
+* Eat slowly
+* [[Mastication|Chew]] properly
+* Lying [[supine]] for 30 minutes after a meal
+* [[Glycemic index]] education of foods is important
-* Intravenous fluid substitution is not effective in preventing early dumping symptoms.<ref name="pmid14452070">{{cite journal |vauthors=JOHNSON LP, SLOOP RD, JESSEPH JE |title=Etiologic significance of the early symptomatic phase in the dumping syndrome |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=156 |issue= |pages=173–9 |year=1962 |pmid=14452070 |pmc=1466323 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
+===='''Dietary Foods''' ====
-Diet
+The following is a table that illustrates the types of food to take and avoid in the case of [[Gastric dumping syndrome|dumping syndrome]].
+{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
+!'''Breads, Cereals, Rice and Pasta'''
+!'''Foods To Choose'''
+!''' Foods to Avoid'''
+|-
+|
+* 6-11 servings each day
+* One serving equals: 1 slice bread, 1 cup ready-to-eat cereal
+** 1/2 cup cooked cereal, rice, or pasta
+|
+* Breads, bagels, rolls, unsweetened cereals, pasta, potatoes, rice, crackers, and soup (only if taken one hour after [[solid]] foods at medium temperature).
+|
+* Sweet rolls and doughnuts
+* Sweetened cereals
+* Pancakes and waffles with syrup
+* Soup (taken with solid foods)
+|-
+! '''Fruits'''
+!'''Foods to Choose'''
+!'''Foods To Avoid'''
+|-
+|
+* 2-4 servings each day
+* One serving equals: 1 medium size fresh, 1/2 cup canned, 3/4 cup juice
+|
+* All fresh fruit
+* Drained, unsweetened canned fruit
+* Unsweetened frozen fruit
+* 100 percent pure juice (taken one hour after meals)
+|
+* Canned fruits in heavy syrup
+* Sweetened frozen fruit
+* Sweetened juice (that is, punch or sports drinks)
+* Candied fruit
+|-
+!'''Milk and Dairy Products'''
+!'''Foods To Choose'''
+!'''Foods to Avoid'''
+|-
+|
+* Limit to 2 servings each day
+* One serving equals: 1 cup milk or yogurt
+|
+* Plain or unsweetened yogurt
+* Skim, 2 percent, or whole milk (taken one hour after meals)
+|
+* Milkshakes and chocolate milk
+* Sweetened yogurt
+|-
+!'''Meats, Poultry, Fish, Dry Beans, Peas, Eggs and Cheese'''
+!'''Foods to Choose'''
+!'''Foods to Avoid'''
+|-
+|
+* 2-3 servings or a total of six ounces daily
+** One serving equals: 2-3 ounces cooked meat, chicken, or fish (about the size of a deck of cards)
+** or 1/2 to 3/4 cup cottage cheese or tuna fish
+** or one egg, 1/2 cup cooked beans, two tablespoons peanut butter, or one ounce of cheese.
+* Choose leaner cuts of beef and meat and limit the amount of high-fat items like eggs and cheese.
+|
+* All meat, fish, poultry, peanut butter, cheese, eggs, and dried beans or legumes
+|
+* Any not tolerated
+|-
+!'''Vegetables'''
+!'''Foods to Choose'''
+!'''Foods to Avoid'''
+|-
+|
+* 3-5 servings each day
+* One serving equals: 1 cup raw, 1/2 cup cooked or chopped.
+|
+* All vegetables
+|
+* Any not tolerated
+|-
+!'''Fats, Condiments and Beverages'''
+!'''Foods to Choose'''
+!'''Foods to Avoid'''
+|-
+|
+|
+* All butter, margarine, cream, oil, and salad dressings
+* Salt, herbs, spices, and condiments
+* Any sugar-free beverage (coffee, tea, diet soda, etc., taken one hour after solids)
+|
+* Sweet pickles or relish
+* Sweetened drinks (regular lemonade, soda)
+* Any others not tolerated
+|-
+!'''Snacks, Sweets, and Desserts'''
+!'''Foods to Choose'''
+!'''Foods to Avoid'''
+|-
+|
+|
+* Sugar-free gelatin
+* Sugar-free pudding
+* Sugar-free candy
+* Sugar substitutes
+|
+* Sugar
+* Candy and chocolate
+* Cakes and cookies
+* Ice cream and sherbet
+* Honey, syrup, and jelly
+* Sugar alcohols such as [[sorbitol]], [[xylitol]], and [[mannitol]]
+|}
 ==References==