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| __NOTOC__ | | __NOTOC__ |
| {{Esophagitis}} | | {{Esophagitis}} |
| {{CMG}} | | {{CMG}} ; {{AE}} |
| ==Endoscopy or Ultrasound== | | ==Overview== |
| ===Endoscopic Findings===
| | There are no other imaging findings associated with esophagitis. |
| [http://www.peir.net Images courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology]
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| Removal of a piece of tissue from the esophagus for further examination ([[biopsy]])
| | == Other Imaging Findings == |
| | | There are no other imaging findings associated with esophagitis. |
| <gallery>
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| Image:Candida esophagitis endoscopy 1.jpg|Candida esophagitis
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| Image:NSAID esophagitis 1.jpg|NSAID esophagitis
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| Image:Peptic esophagitis 1.jpg|Peptic esophagitis
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| </gallery>
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| <gallery>
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| Image:Herpetic esophagitis 1.jpg|Herpetic esophagitis
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| Image:Caustic lye esophagitis 1.jpg|Caustic lye esophagitis
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| </gallery>
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| ===Reflux esophagitis===
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| * The [[endoscope]] has been before one of the [[diagnostic]] tools for GERD.
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| * Endoscopy is not recommended now for the diagnosis of GERD with the typical symptoms, however, it is used in [[screening]] for the GERD complications as [[esophagitis]], [[esophageal]] [[strictures]], and [[barrett's esophagus]].<ref name="KatzGerson2013">{{cite journal|last1=Katz|first1=Philip O|last2=Gerson|first2=Lauren B|last3=Vela|first3=Marcelo F|title=Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease|journal=The American Journal of Gastroenterology|volume=108|issue=3|year=2013|pages=308–328|issn=0002-9270|doi=10.1038/ajg.2012.444}}</ref>
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| * [[Endoscopy]] is also beneficial in doing [[biopsies]] in the [[screening]] of [[barrett's esophagus]].
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| ===Eosinophilic esophagitis===
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| *[[Mucosal]] [[biopsies]] of the [[esophagus]] should be obtained in all patients in whom EoE is a clinical possibility regardless of the [[Endoscopy|endoscopic]] appearance.
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| *[[Endoscopic]] [[abnormalities]] in patients with EoE are as follows:<ref name="urlTable 3: Proposed classification and grading system for the endoscopic assessment of the esophageal features of eosinophilic esophagitis (<a id=ref-link-section-1 title= href=/articles/#ref44">44</a>)">{{cite web |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/ajg201371/tables/3 |title=Table 3: Proposed classification and grading system for the endoscopic assessment of the esophageal features of eosinophilic esophagitis (<a id=ref-link-section-1 title="" href=/articles/#ref44>44</a>) |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlVertical lines in distal esophageal mucosa (VLEM): a true endoscopic manifestation of esophagitis in children? - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9199905?dopt=Abstract&holding=npg |title=Vertical lines in distal esophageal mucosa (VLEM): a true endoscopic manifestation of esophagitis in children? - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlFragility of the esophageal mucosa: a pathognomonic endoscopic sign of primary eosinophilic esophagitis? - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12612531?dopt=Abstract&holding=npg |title=Fragility of the esophageal mucosa: a pathognomonic endoscopic sign of primary eosinophilic esophagitis? - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlEosinophilic esophagitis: red on microscopy, white on endoscopy. - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15383737?dopt=Abstract&holding=npg |title=Eosinophilic esophagitis: red on microscopy, white on endoscopy. - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlThe prevalence and diagnostic utility of endoscopic features of eosinophilic esophagitis: a meta-analysis. - PubMed - NCBI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22610003?dopt=Abstract&holding=npg |title=The prevalence and diagnostic utility of endoscopic features of eosinophilic esophagitis: a meta-analysis. - PubMed - NCBI |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
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| **Fixed [[esophageal]] ring which is corrugated
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| **White [[exudate]]
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| **Longitudinal furrows
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| **[[Mucous membrane|Mucosal]] [[pallor]]
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| **[[Diffuse]] [[esophageal]] narrowing
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| **[[Mucosal]] fragility leading to [[esophageal]] lacerations during the [[endoscopy]]
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| *However, because these [[Endoscopy|endoscopic]] features have been described in other [[esophageal]] [[disorders]], none can be considered [[pathognomonic]] for EoE.
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| <gallery>
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| File:Eosinophilic esophagitis endo.jpg|Endoscopy of the esophagus: Eosinophilic esophagitis <br> Source: Wikimedia
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| </gallery>
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| ===Biopsy in EoE===
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| *Characteristic features are as follows:
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| **> 20 eosinophils/0.24 mm2.
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| **[[Papillae]] are elongated
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| **[[Papillae]] reach into the top 1/3 of the epithelial layer
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| **Basal cell hyperplasia; > 3 cells thick or >15% of epithelial thickness
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| [[Image:Eosinophilic esophagiits path.jpg|thumb|center|150px|[[H&E]] stain of [[esophagus]] [[biopsy]] showing eosinophilic esophagitis, manifested by an infiltration of [[eosinophils]] in the [[lamina propria]]]]
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
| {{reflist|2}} | | {{reflist|2}} |
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| [[Category:Needs overview]] | | [[Category:Needs overview]] |
| [[Category:Primary care]]
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| [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] |
| [[Category:Inflammations]] | | [[Category:Inflammations]] |
| [[Category:Histopathology]] | | [[Category:Histopathology]] |
| [[Category:Disease]] | | [[Category:Disease]] |
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| {{WH}}
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| {{WS}}
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