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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Template:Multiple sclerosis}} | {{Template:Multiple sclerosis}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Fs}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[Visual evoked potential|visual evoked potential studies]] | [[Visual evoked potential|visual evoked potential studies]], anti[[myelin]] [[antibodies]], and optimal coherence tomography may be helpful in the [[diagnosis]] of multiple sclerosis. | ||
==Other Diagnostic Studies== | ==Other Diagnostic Studies== | ||
Other diagnostic studies for Multiple sclerosis disease include: | |||
Delay in response after stimulation of [[retina]] with light is an indicator of a problem in visual tracts due to [[Axonal|axona]]<nowiki/>l [[demyelination]].<ref name="pmid18825673">{{cite journal |vauthors=Klistorner A, Arvind H, Nguyen T, Garrick R, Paine M, Graham S, O'Day J, Grigg J, Billson F, Yiannikas C |title=Axonal loss and myelin in early ON loss in postacute optic neuritis |journal=Ann. Neurol. |volume=64 |issue=3 |pages=325–31 |date=September 2008 |pmid=18825673 |doi=10.1002/ana.21474 |url=}}</ref> The indication of this test is when patient is not fulfilling MS criteria and is a probable MS case.<ref name="pmid3070342">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chiappa KH |title=Use of evoked potentials for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis |journal=Neurol Clin |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=861–80 |date=November 1988 |pmid=3070342 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7077339">{{cite journal |vauthors=Matthews WB, Wattam-Bell JR, Pountney E |title=Evoked potentials in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: a follow up study |journal=J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=303–7 |date=April 1982 |pmid=7077339 |pmc=491364 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *<nowiki/>[[Visual evoked potential studies]]: Delay in response after stimulation of [[retina]] with light is an indicator of a problem in [[visual tracts]] due to [[Axonal|axona]]<nowiki/>l [[demyelination]].<ref name="pmid18825673">{{cite journal |vauthors=Klistorner A, Arvind H, Nguyen T, Garrick R, Paine M, Graham S, O'Day J, Grigg J, Billson F, Yiannikas C |title=Axonal loss and myelin in early ON loss in postacute optic neuritis |journal=Ann. Neurol. |volume=64 |issue=3 |pages=325–31 |date=September 2008 |pmid=18825673 |doi=10.1002/ana.21474 |url=}}</ref> The indication of this test is when patient is not fulfilling MS [[criteria]] and is a probable MS case.<ref name="pmid3070342">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chiappa KH |title=Use of evoked potentials for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis |journal=Neurol Clin |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=861–80 |date=November 1988 |pmid=3070342 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7077339">{{cite journal |vauthors=Matthews WB, Wattam-Bell JR, Pountney E |title=Evoked potentials in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: a follow up study |journal=J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=303–7 |date=April 1982 |pmid=7077339 |pmc=491364 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Anti-[[myelin]] [[antibodies]]: [[Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein]] ([[Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein|MOG]]) and [[myelin basic protein]] ([[Myelin basic protein|MBP]]), thought to be a predictor of [[disease]] progression, but some studies denied any relationship between these auto [[antibodies]] and [[disease]] severity or progression.<ref name="pmid12853586">{{cite journal |vauthors=Berger T, Rubner P, Schautzer F, Egg R, Ulmer H, Mayringer I, Dilitz E, Deisenhammer F, Reindl M |title=Antimyelin antibodies as a predictor of clinically definite multiple sclerosis after a first demyelinating event |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=349 |issue=2 |pages=139–45 |date=July 2003 |pmid=12853586 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa022328 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15623705">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gaertner S, de Graaf KL, Greve B, Weissert R |title=Antibodies against glycosylated native MOG are elevated in patients with multiple sclerosis |journal=Neurology |volume=63 |issue=12 |pages=2381–3 |date=December 2004 |pmid=15623705 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17251533">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kuhle J, Pohl C, Mehling M, Edan G, Freedman MS, Hartung HP, Polman CH, Miller DH, Montalban X, Barkhof F, Bauer L, Dahms S, Lindberg R, Kappos L, Sandbrink R |title=Lack of association between antimyelin antibodies and progression to multiple sclerosis |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=356 |issue=4 |pages=371–8 |date=January 2007 |pmid=17251533 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa063602 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15184621">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lampasona V, Franciotta D, Furlan R, Zanaboni S, Fazio R, Bonifacio E, Comi G, Martino G |title=Similar low frequency of anti-MOG IgG and IgM in MS patients and healthy subjects |journal=Neurology |volume=62 |issue=11 |pages=2092–4 |date=June 2004 |pmid=15184621 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
[[ | |||
* Optimal coherence tomography: Optimal coherence tomography of the retina can be helpful in [[diagnosis]] of multiple sclerosis.<ref name="pmid17987252">{{cite journal |vauthors=Albrecht P, Fröhlich R, Hartung HP, Kieseier BC, Methner A |title=Optical coherence tomography measures axonal loss in multiple sclerosis independently of optic neuritis |journal=J. Neurol. |volume=254 |issue=11 |pages=1595–6 |date=November 2007 |pmid=17987252 |doi=10.1007/s00415-007-0538-3 |url=}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
[[Category:Neurology]] | [[Category:Neurology]] | ||
[[Category:Orthopedics]] | [[Category:Orthopedics]] | ||
[[Category:Rheumatology]] | [[Category:Rheumatology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 22:48, 29 July 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.
Overview
visual evoked potential studies, antimyelin antibodies, and optimal coherence tomography may be helpful in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.
Other Diagnostic Studies
Other diagnostic studies for Multiple sclerosis disease include:
- Visual evoked potential studies: Delay in response after stimulation of retina with light is an indicator of a problem in visual tracts due to axonal demyelination.[1] The indication of this test is when patient is not fulfilling MS criteria and is a probable MS case.[2][3]
- Anti-myelin antibodies: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and myelin basic protein (MBP), thought to be a predictor of disease progression, but some studies denied any relationship between these auto antibodies and disease severity or progression.[4][5][6][7]
- Optimal coherence tomography: Optimal coherence tomography of the retina can be helpful in diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.[8]
References
- ↑ Klistorner A, Arvind H, Nguyen T, Garrick R, Paine M, Graham S, O'Day J, Grigg J, Billson F, Yiannikas C (September 2008). "Axonal loss and myelin in early ON loss in postacute optic neuritis". Ann. Neurol. 64 (3): 325–31. doi:10.1002/ana.21474. PMID 18825673.
- ↑ Chiappa KH (November 1988). "Use of evoked potentials for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis". Neurol Clin. 6 (4): 861–80. PMID 3070342.
- ↑ Matthews WB, Wattam-Bell JR, Pountney E (April 1982). "Evoked potentials in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: a follow up study". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 45 (4): 303–7. PMC 491364. PMID 7077339.
- ↑ Berger T, Rubner P, Schautzer F, Egg R, Ulmer H, Mayringer I, Dilitz E, Deisenhammer F, Reindl M (July 2003). "Antimyelin antibodies as a predictor of clinically definite multiple sclerosis after a first demyelinating event". N. Engl. J. Med. 349 (2): 139–45. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa022328. PMID 12853586.
- ↑ Gaertner S, de Graaf KL, Greve B, Weissert R (December 2004). "Antibodies against glycosylated native MOG are elevated in patients with multiple sclerosis". Neurology. 63 (12): 2381–3. PMID 15623705.
- ↑ Kuhle J, Pohl C, Mehling M, Edan G, Freedman MS, Hartung HP, Polman CH, Miller DH, Montalban X, Barkhof F, Bauer L, Dahms S, Lindberg R, Kappos L, Sandbrink R (January 2007). "Lack of association between antimyelin antibodies and progression to multiple sclerosis". N. Engl. J. Med. 356 (4): 371–8. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa063602. PMID 17251533.
- ↑ Lampasona V, Franciotta D, Furlan R, Zanaboni S, Fazio R, Bonifacio E, Comi G, Martino G (June 2004). "Similar low frequency of anti-MOG IgG and IgM in MS patients and healthy subjects". Neurology. 62 (11): 2092–4. PMID 15184621.
- ↑ Albrecht P, Fröhlich R, Hartung HP, Kieseier BC, Methner A (November 2007). "Optical coherence tomography measures axonal loss in multiple sclerosis independently of optic neuritis". J. Neurol. 254 (11): 1595–6. doi:10.1007/s00415-007-0538-3. PMID 17987252.