Scoliosis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The majority of patients with [ | The majority of patients with idiopathic [[scoliosis]] are asymptomatic. Asymptomatic idiopathic scoliosis patients are expected to develop signs ans symptoms depending on curve progression. The hallmark of scoliosis is asymptomatic atypical curve. A few of patients that do present with symptoms, they are commonly dependent on severity of curve. As a result, most of the symptoms of scoliosis are [[Neurology|neurological]]. The most common symptom is [[fatigue]]. Other symptoms include [[low back pain]], [[stiffness]], abnormal [[posture]], shooting [[Radicular pain|pain in the calf]], [[Paresthesia|numbness and tingling]] in the legs and muscle weakness. Other manifestations of scoliosis may include [[pulmonary hypertension]], [[cor pulmonale]], [[swelling]] on the back, tuft of hair, [[headache]], and [[spasticity]] due to [[neuromuscular]] involvement. | ||
The hallmark of | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
Although majority of patients with scoliosis have non-specific history but a detailed and thorough history from the patient is necessary. The patient may have a positive history of:<ref name="pmid29227524">{{cite journal| author=Sheehan DD, Grayhack J| title=Pediatric Scoliosis and Kyphosis: An Overview of Diagnosis, Management, and Surgical Treatment. | journal=Pediatr Ann | year= 2017 | volume= 46 | issue= 12 | pages= e472-e480 | pmid=29227524 | doi=10.3928/19382359-20171113-01 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29227524 }} </ref><ref>Azar, F., Canale, S., Beaty, J. & Campbell, W. (2017). Campbell's operative orthopaedics. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. Page: 1898-2028.</ref><ref name="McCarthy1999">{{cite journal|last1=McCarthy|first1=Richard E.|title=MANAGEMENT OF NEUROMUSCULAR SCOLIOSIS|journal=Orthopedic Clinics of North America|volume=30|issue=3|year=1999|pages=435–449|issn=00305898|doi=10.1016/S0030-5898(05)70096-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Winter |first1=RB |last2=Moe |first2=JH |date=1960,Jan 01 |title=Congenital Scoliosis A Study of 234 Patients Treated and Untreated Part I: Natural History |url= |journal=J Bone Joint Surg Am. |volume=50 |issue=1 |page=1-15 |doi= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date= | name-list-format=vanc }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Imagama |first1=S |last2=Kawakami |first2=N |date=2005 |title=Spatial relationships between a deformed vertebra and an adjacent vertebra in congenial scoliosis-failure of formation. |url= |journal=J Jpn Scoliosis Soc. |volume=20 |issue= |pages=20-25 |doi= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date= | name-list-format=vanc }}</ref><ref name="pmid23236736">{{cite journal| author=de Baat P, van Biezen FC, de Baat C| title=[Scoliosis: review of types, aetiology, diagnostics, and treatment 2]. | journal=Ned Tijdschr Tandheelkd | year= 2012 | volume= 119 | issue= 11 | pages= 531-5 | pmid=23236736 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23236736 }} </ref> | Although majority of patients with [[scoliosis]] have non-specific history but a detailed and thorough history from the patient is necessary. The patient may have a positive history of:<ref name="pmid29227524">{{cite journal| author=Sheehan DD, Grayhack J| title=Pediatric Scoliosis and Kyphosis: An Overview of Diagnosis, Management, and Surgical Treatment. | journal=Pediatr Ann | year= 2017 | volume= 46 | issue= 12 | pages= e472-e480 | pmid=29227524 | doi=10.3928/19382359-20171113-01 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29227524 }} </ref><ref name=":0">Azar, F., Canale, S., Beaty, J. & Campbell, W. (2017). Campbell's operative orthopaedics. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. Page: 1898-2028.</ref><ref name="McCarthy1999">{{cite journal|last1=McCarthy|first1=Richard E.|title=MANAGEMENT OF NEUROMUSCULAR SCOLIOSIS|journal=Orthopedic Clinics of North America|volume=30|issue=3|year=1999|pages=435–449|issn=00305898|doi=10.1016/S0030-5898(05)70096-1}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite journal |last1=Winter |first1=RB |last2=Moe |first2=JH |date=1960,Jan 01 |title=Congenital Scoliosis A Study of 234 Patients Treated and Untreated Part I: Natural History |url= |journal=J Bone Joint Surg Am. |volume=50 |issue=1 |page=1-15 |doi= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date= | name-list-format=vanc }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Imagama |first1=S |last2=Kawakami |first2=N |date=2005 |title=Spatial relationships between a deformed vertebra and an adjacent vertebra in congenial scoliosis-failure of formation. |url= |journal=J Jpn Scoliosis Soc. |volume=20 |issue= |pages=20-25 |doi= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date= | name-list-format=vanc }}</ref><ref name="pmid23236736">{{cite journal| author=de Baat P, van Biezen FC, de Baat C| title=[Scoliosis: review of types, aetiology, diagnostics, and treatment 2]. | journal=Ned Tijdschr Tandheelkd | year= 2012 | volume= 119 | issue= 11 | pages= 531-5 | pmid=23236736 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23236736 }} </ref> | ||
* Abnormal posture | * Abnormal [[posture]] | ||
* Spine curves abnormally to the side (laterally) | * Spine curves abnormally to the side (laterally) | ||
* cosmetic deformity | * [[Plastic surgery|cosmetic]] deformity | ||
* [[Pain]] is common in adulthood, especially if left untreated. | * [[Pain]] is common in adulthood, especially if left untreated. | ||
* Ill-fitting clothes | * Ill-fitting clothes | ||
* [[Backache]] or low-back pain | * [[Backache]] or low-back pain | ||
* [[Fatigue]] | * [[Fatigue]] | ||
* Stiffness in the back | * [[Stiffness]] in the back | ||
* Shoulders or hips appear uneven | * Shoulders or hips appear uneven | ||
* Cramping and shooting pain in the calf | * [[Cramp|Cramping]] and [[Radicular pain|shooting pain]] in the calf | ||
* Numbness and tingling in the legs | * [[Paresthesia|Numbness]] and [[tingling]] in the legs | ||
* Muscle weakness | * [[Muscle weakness]] | ||
* Spasticity | * [[Spasticity]] | ||
* Swelling on the back | * [[Swelling]] on the back | ||
* Tuft of hair on the back | * Tuft of hair on the back | ||
* Respiratory distress | * [[Respiratory failure|Respiratory distress]] | ||
* Pulmonary hypertension | * [[Pulmonary hypertension]] | ||
* Cor pulmonale | * [[Cor pulmonale]] | ||
===Symptoms=== | ===Symptoms=== | ||
====Asymptomatic Scoliosis==== | ====Asymptomatic Scoliosis==== | ||
The majority of patients with idiopathic scoliosis are asymptomatic. Asymptomatic idiopathic scoliosis patients are expected to develop signs ans symptoms depending on curve progression. The hallmark of scoliosis is asymptomatic atypical curve. | The majority of patients with idiopathic [[scoliosis]] are asymptomatic. Asymptomatic idiopathic scoliosis patients are expected to develop signs ans symptoms depending on curve progression. The hallmark of scoliosis is asymptomatic atypical curve.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
====Symptomatic Scoliosis==== | ====Symptomatic Scoliosis==== | ||
A few of patients that do present with symptoms, they are commonly dependent on severity of curve. As a result, most of the symptoms of scoliosis are [[Neurology|neurological]]. The most common symptom is [[fatigue]]. Other symptoms include low back pain, stiffness, abnormal posture, shooting pain in the calf, numbness and tingling in the legs and muscle weakness. Other manifestations of scoliosis may include swelling on the back, tuft of hair, headache and spasticity due to neuromuscular involvement. | A few of patients that do present with symptoms, they are commonly dependent on severity of curve. As a result, most of the symptoms of scoliosis are [[Neurology|neurological]]. The most common symptom is [[fatigue]]. Other symptoms include [[low back pain]], [[stiffness]], abnormal [[posture]], shooting [[Radicular pain|pain in the calf]], [[Paresthesia|numbness and tingling]] in the legs and muscle weakness. Other manifestations of scoliosis may include [[pulmonary hypertension]], [[cor pulmonale]], [[swelling]] on the back, tuft of hair, [[headache]], and [[spasticity]] due to [[neuromuscular]] involvement.<ref name="McCarthy1999" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name="pmid23236736" /> | ||
===Common Symptoms=== | ===Common Symptoms=== | ||
Common symptoms of scoliosis include: | Common symptoms of scoliosis include: | ||
* Abnormal posture | * Abnormal [[posture]] | ||
* Spine curves abnormally to the side (laterally) | * Spine curves abnormally to the side (laterally) | ||
* cosmetic deformity | * [[Cosmetic Surgery|cosmetic]] deformity | ||
* [[Pain]] is common in adulthood, especially if left untreated. One of the major complaints from parents and patients is | * [[Pain]] is common in adulthood, especially if left untreated. One of the major complaints from parents and patients is | ||
* Ill-fitting clothes | * Ill-fitting clothes | ||
* [[Backache]] or low-back pain | * [[Backache]] or low-back pain | ||
* [[Fatigue]] | * [[Fatigue]] | ||
* Stiffness in the back | * [[Stiffness]] in the back | ||
* Shoulders or hips appear uneven | * Shoulders or hips appear uneven | ||
===Less Common Symptoms=== | ===Less Common Symptoms=== | ||
Less common symptoms of [disease name] include | Less common symptoms of [disease name] include | ||
* Cramping and shooting pain in the calf. | * [[Cramp|Cramping]] and [[Radicular pain|shooting pain]] in the calf. | ||
* Numbness and tingling in the legs | * [[Paresthesia|Numbness and tingling]] in the legs | ||
* Swelling on the back | * [[Spina bifida|Swelling on the back]] | ||
* Tuft of hair on the back | * [[Spina bifida|Tuft of hair on the back]] | ||
* Muscle weakness | * [[Muscle weakness]] | ||
* Spasticity | * [[Spasticity]] | ||
* Respiratory distress | * [[Respiratory failure|Respiratory distress]] | ||
* Pulmonary hypertension | * [[Pulmonary hypertension]] | ||
* Cor pulmonale | * [[Cor pulmonale]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 15:06, 4 December 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan A. Bhimani, M.B.B.S., D.N.B., M.Ch.[2]
Overview
The majority of patients with idiopathic scoliosis are asymptomatic. Asymptomatic idiopathic scoliosis patients are expected to develop signs ans symptoms depending on curve progression. The hallmark of scoliosis is asymptomatic atypical curve. A few of patients that do present with symptoms, they are commonly dependent on severity of curve. As a result, most of the symptoms of scoliosis are neurological. The most common symptom is fatigue. Other symptoms include low back pain, stiffness, abnormal posture, shooting pain in the calf, numbness and tingling in the legs and muscle weakness. Other manifestations of scoliosis may include pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale, swelling on the back, tuft of hair, headache, and spasticity due to neuromuscular involvement.
History
Although majority of patients with scoliosis have non-specific history but a detailed and thorough history from the patient is necessary. The patient may have a positive history of:[1][2][3][4][5][6]
- Abnormal posture
- Spine curves abnormally to the side (laterally)
- cosmetic deformity
- Pain is common in adulthood, especially if left untreated.
- Ill-fitting clothes
- Backache or low-back pain
- Fatigue
- Stiffness in the back
- Shoulders or hips appear uneven
- Cramping and shooting pain in the calf
- Numbness and tingling in the legs
- Muscle weakness
- Spasticity
- Swelling on the back
- Tuft of hair on the back
- Respiratory distress
- Pulmonary hypertension
- Cor pulmonale
Symptoms
Asymptomatic Scoliosis
The majority of patients with idiopathic scoliosis are asymptomatic. Asymptomatic idiopathic scoliosis patients are expected to develop signs ans symptoms depending on curve progression. The hallmark of scoliosis is asymptomatic atypical curve.[2]
Symptomatic Scoliosis
A few of patients that do present with symptoms, they are commonly dependent on severity of curve. As a result, most of the symptoms of scoliosis are neurological. The most common symptom is fatigue. Other symptoms include low back pain, stiffness, abnormal posture, shooting pain in the calf, numbness and tingling in the legs and muscle weakness. Other manifestations of scoliosis may include pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale, swelling on the back, tuft of hair, headache, and spasticity due to neuromuscular involvement.[3][4][6]
Common Symptoms
Common symptoms of scoliosis include:
- Abnormal posture
- Spine curves abnormally to the side (laterally)
- cosmetic deformity
- Pain is common in adulthood, especially if left untreated. One of the major complaints from parents and patients is
- Ill-fitting clothes
- Backache or low-back pain
- Fatigue
- Stiffness in the back
- Shoulders or hips appear uneven
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of [disease name] include
- Cramping and shooting pain in the calf.
- Numbness and tingling in the legs
- Swelling on the back
- Tuft of hair on the back
- Muscle weakness
- Spasticity
- Respiratory distress
- Pulmonary hypertension
- Cor pulmonale
References
- ↑ Sheehan DD, Grayhack J (2017). "Pediatric Scoliosis and Kyphosis: An Overview of Diagnosis, Management, and Surgical Treatment". Pediatr Ann. 46 (12): e472–e480. doi:10.3928/19382359-20171113-01. PMID 29227524.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Azar, F., Canale, S., Beaty, J. & Campbell, W. (2017). Campbell's operative orthopaedics. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. Page: 1898-2028.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 McCarthy, Richard E. (1999). "MANAGEMENT OF NEUROMUSCULAR SCOLIOSIS". Orthopedic Clinics of North America. 30 (3): 435–449. doi:10.1016/S0030-5898(05)70096-1. ISSN 0030-5898.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Winter RB, Moe JH (1960,Jan 01). "Congenital Scoliosis A Study of 234 Patients Treated and Untreated Part I: Natural History". J Bone Joint Surg Am. 50 (1): 1-15. Check date values in:
|date=(help) - ↑ Imagama S, Kawakami N (2005). "Spatial relationships between a deformed vertebra and an adjacent vertebra in congenial scoliosis-failure of formation". J Jpn Scoliosis Soc. 20: 20–25.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 de Baat P, van Biezen FC, de Baat C (2012). "[Scoliosis: review of types, aetiology, diagnostics, and treatment 2]". Ned Tijdschr Tandheelkd. 119 (11): 531–5. PMID 23236736.