Paget's disease of the breast risk factors: Difference between revisions

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{{Paget's disease of the breast}}
{{Paget's disease of the breast}}
{{CMG}};{{AE}} {{PSK}}
{{CMG}};{{AE}} {{Preeti}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
Common risk factors in the development of Paget's disease of the breast are [[female]] more than [[male]], [[incidence]] is higher with increase in [[age]]  and people of [[African]] or Ashkenazi Jewish descent. Personal or family history of [[breast cancer]] Environmental exposure to [[radiation]], high temperature and electromagnetic fields. [[Mutation|Genetic mutations]] like [[BRCA1]], [[BRCA2]] 4-14% of [[male]] [[breast cancer]], [[klinefelter's syndrome]]  in [[Male|males]]. [[Mutations]] in [[RAD51B]], [[PALB2]], [[CYP17]], [[CHEK2]], [[BRIP1]], [[RAD51C]] and androgen receptors. [[BRIP1]] and [[RAD51C]] have not been seen in [[male]] patients. [[Endocrine]]-related states with [[hyperestrogenism]] such as [[obesity]], exogenous [[estrogen]], [[testicular dystrophic]] [[lesions]] in males.
Common risk factors in the development of Paget's disease of the breast are [[female]] more than [[male]], [[incidence]] is higher with increase in [[age]]  and people of [[African]] or Ashkenazi Jewish descent. Personal or family history of [[breast cancer]], environmental exposure to [[radiation]], high temperature and electromagnetic fields. [[Mutation|Genetic mutations]] like [[BRCA1]], [[BRCA2]] 4-14% of [[male]] [[breast cancer]], [[klinefelter's syndrome]]  in [[Male|males]]. [[Mutations]] in [[RAD51B]], [[PALB2]], [[CYP17]], [[CHEK2]], [[BRIP1]], [[RAD51C]] and androgen receptors. [[BRIP1]] and [[RAD51C]] have not been seen in [[male]] patients. [[Endocrine]]-related states with [[hyperestrogenism]] such as [[obesity]], [[exogenous]] [[estrogen]], [[testicular]] dystrophic [[lesions]] in males.


==Risk Factors==
==Risk Factors==
Common risk factors in the development of Paget's disease of the breast are.<ref name="MorandiPession2003">{{cite journal|last1=Morandi|first1=Luca|last2=Pession|first2=Annalisa|last3=Marucci|first3=Gian Luca|last4=Foschini|first4=Maria Pia|last5=Pruneri|first5=Giancarlo|last6=Viale|first6=Giuseppe|last7=Eusebi|first7=Vincenzo|title=Intraepidermal cells of paget’s carcinoma of the breast can be genetically different from those of the underlying carcinoma|journal=Human Pathology|volume=34|issue=12|year=2003|pages=1321–1330|issn=00468177|doi=10.1016/S0046-8177(03)00405-2}}</ref><ref name="RuddyWiner2013">{{cite journal|last1=Ruddy|first1=K. J.|last2=Winer|first2=E. P.|title=Male breast cancer: risk factors, biology, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship|journal=Annals of Oncology|volume=24|issue=6|year=2013|pages=1434–1443|issn=0923-7534|doi=10.1093/annonc/mdt025}}</ref><ref name="pmid23425944">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ruddy KJ, Winer EP |title=Male breast cancer: risk factors, biology, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship |journal=Ann. Oncol. |volume=24 |issue=6 |pages=1434–43 |date=June 2013 |pmid=23425944 |doi=10.1093/annonc/mdt025 |url=}}</ref><ref name="OrrLemnrau2012">{{cite journal|last1=Orr|first1=Nick|last2=Lemnrau|first2=Alina|last3=Cooke|first3=Rosie|last4=Fletcher|first4=Olivia|last5=Tomczyk|first5=Katarzyna|last6=Jones|first6=Michael|last7=Johnson|first7=Nichola|last8=Lord|first8=Christopher J|last9=Mitsopoulos|first9=Costas|last10=Zvelebil|first10=Marketa|last11=McDade|first11=Simon S|last12=Buck|first12=Gemma|last13=Blancher|first13=Christine|last14=Trainer|first14=Alison H|last15=James|first15=Paul A|last16=Bojesen|first16=Stig E|last17=Bokmand|first17=Susanne|last18=Nevanlinna|first18=Heli|last19=Mattson|first19=Johanna|last20=Friedman|first20=Eitan|last21=Laitman|first21=Yael|last22=Palli|first22=Domenico|last23=Masala|first23=Giovanna|last24=Zanna|first24=Ines|last25=Ottini|first25=Laura|last26=Giannini|first26=Giuseppe|last27=Hollestelle|first27=Antoinette|last28=Ouweland|first28=Ans M W van den|last29=Novaković|first29=Srdjan|last30=Krajc|first30=Mateja|last31=Gago-Dominguez|first31=Manuela|last32=Castelao|first32=Jose Esteban|last33=Olsson|first33=Håkan|last34=Hedenfalk|first34=Ingrid|last35=Easton|first35=Douglas F|last36=Pharoah|first36=Paul D P|last37=Dunning|first37=Alison M|last38=Bishop|first38=D Timothy|last39=Neuhausen|first39=Susan L|last40=Steele|first40=Linda|last41=Houlston|first41=Richard S|last42=Garcia-Closas|first42=Montserrat|last43=Ashworth|first43=Alan|last44=Swerdlow|first44=Anthony J|title=Genome-wide association study identifies a common variant in RAD51B associated with male breast cancer risk|journal=Nature Genetics|volume=44|issue=11|year=2012|pages=1182–1184|issn=1061-4036|doi=10.1038/ng.2417}}</ref>
Common risk factors in the development of Paget's disease of the breast are.<ref name="MorandiPession2003">{{cite journal|last1=Morandi|first1=Luca|last2=Pession|first2=Annalisa|last3=Marucci|first3=Gian Luca|last4=Foschini|first4=Maria Pia|last5=Pruneri|first5=Giancarlo|last6=Viale|first6=Giuseppe|last7=Eusebi|first7=Vincenzo|title=Intraepidermal cells of paget’s carcinoma of the breast can be genetically different from those of the underlying carcinoma|journal=Human Pathology|volume=34|issue=12|year=2003|pages=1321–1330|issn=00468177|doi=10.1016/S0046-8177(03)00405-2}}</ref><ref name="RuddyWiner2013">{{cite journal|last1=Ruddy|first1=K. J.|last2=Winer|first2=E. P.|title=Male breast cancer: risk factors, biology, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship|journal=Annals of Oncology|volume=24|issue=6|year=2013|pages=1434–1443|issn=0923-7534|doi=10.1093/annonc/mdt025}}</ref><ref name="pmid23425944">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ruddy KJ, Winer EP |title=Male breast cancer: risk factors, biology, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship |journal=Ann. Oncol. |volume=24 |issue=6 |pages=1434–43 |date=June 2013 |pmid=23425944 |doi=10.1093/annonc/mdt025 |url=}}</ref><ref name="OrrLemnrau2012">{{cite journal|last1=Orr|first1=Nick|last2=Lemnrau|first2=Alina|last3=Cooke|first3=Rosie|last4=Fletcher|first4=Olivia|last5=Tomczyk|first5=Katarzyna|last6=Jones|first6=Michael|last7=Johnson|first7=Nichola|last8=Lord|first8=Christopher J|last9=Mitsopoulos|first9=Costas|last10=Zvelebil|first10=Marketa|last11=McDade|first11=Simon S|last12=Buck|first12=Gemma|last13=Blancher|first13=Christine|last14=Trainer|first14=Alison H|last15=James|first15=Paul A|last16=Bojesen|first16=Stig E|last17=Bokmand|first17=Susanne|last18=Nevanlinna|first18=Heli|last19=Mattson|first19=Johanna|last20=Friedman|first20=Eitan|last21=Laitman|first21=Yael|last22=Palli|first22=Domenico|last23=Masala|first23=Giovanna|last24=Zanna|first24=Ines|last25=Ottini|first25=Laura|last26=Giannini|first26=Giuseppe|last27=Hollestelle|first27=Antoinette|last28=Ouweland|first28=Ans M W van den|last29=Novaković|first29=Srdjan|last30=Krajc|first30=Mateja|last31=Gago-Dominguez|first31=Manuela|last32=Castelao|first32=Jose Esteban|last33=Olsson|first33=Håkan|last34=Hedenfalk|first34=Ingrid|last35=Easton|first35=Douglas F|last36=Pharoah|first36=Paul D P|last37=Dunning|first37=Alison M|last38=Bishop|first38=D Timothy|last39=Neuhausen|first39=Susan L|last40=Steele|first40=Linda|last41=Houlston|first41=Richard S|last42=Garcia-Closas|first42=Montserrat|last43=Ashworth|first43=Alan|last44=Swerdlow|first44=Anthony J|title=Genome-wide association study identifies a common variant in RAD51B associated with male breast cancer risk|journal=Nature Genetics|volume=44|issue=11|year=2012|pages=1182–1184|issn=1061-4036|doi=10.1038/ng.2417}}</ref>
:
:
*Gender [[female]] > [[male]].
*Gender [[female]] > [[male]]
*Age [[incidence]] is higher with increase in [[age]]
*Age [[incidence]] is higher with increase in [[age]]
*Personal history of [[breast cancer]]
*Personal history of [[breast cancer]]
Line 16: Line 16:
**[[BRCA1]]
**[[BRCA1]]
**[[BRCA2]] 4-14% of [[male]] [[breast cancer]]
**[[BRCA2]] 4-14% of [[male]] [[breast cancer]]
**[[Klinefelter's syndrome]]  in [[Male|males]].
**[[Klinefelter's syndrome]]  in [[Male|males]]
** [[Mutations]] in [[RAD51B]], [[PALB2]], [[CYP17]], [[CHEK2]], [[BRIP1]], [[RAD51C]] and androgen receptors.
** [[Mutations]] in [[RAD51B]], [[PALB2]], [[CYP17]], [[CHEK2]], [[BRIP1]], [[RAD51C]] and androgen receptors.
**[[BRIP1]] and [[RAD51C]] have not been seen in [[male]] patients.
**[[BRIP1]] and [[RAD51C]] have not been seen in [[male]] patients.
*[[Endocrine]]-related states with [[hyperestrogenism]] such as:  
*[[Endocrine]]-related states with [[hyperestrogenism]] such as:  
:*[[obesity]]
:*[[obesity]]
:* exogenous [[estrogen]]
:* Exogenous [[estrogen]]
:*[[testicular dystrophic]] [[lesions]] in males.
:*[[Testicular]] dystrophic [[lesions]] in males
*Environmental exposure to radiation, high temperature and electromagnetic fields.
*Environmental exposure to [[radiation]], high temperature and electromagnetic fields.
*[[Epididymoorchitis|Orchitis/epididymitis]] in males.
*[[Epididymoorchitis|Orchitis/epididymitis]] in males.
*Volatile organic compounds (like: [[tetrachloroethylene]], [[perchloroethylene]], [[trichloroethylene]], [[dichloroethylene]], and [[benzene]])
*Volatile organic compounds (like: [[tetrachloroethylene]], [[perchloroethylene]], [[trichloroethylene]], dichloroethylene, and [[benzene]])
*Socio-demographic factors such as:
*Socio-demographic factors such as:
:*People of [[African]] or Ashkenazi Jewish descent
:*People of [[African]] or Ashkenazi Jewish descent

Latest revision as of 15:36, 27 March 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Preeti Singh, M.B.B.S.[2]

Overview

Common risk factors in the development of Paget's disease of the breast are female more than male, incidence is higher with increase in age and people of African or Ashkenazi Jewish descent. Personal or family history of breast cancer, environmental exposure to radiation, high temperature and electromagnetic fields. Genetic mutations like BRCA1, BRCA2 4-14% of male breast cancer, klinefelter's syndrome in males. Mutations in RAD51B, PALB2, CYP17, CHEK2, BRIP1, RAD51C and androgen receptors. BRIP1 and RAD51C have not been seen in male patients. Endocrine-related states with hyperestrogenism such as obesity, exogenous estrogen, testicular dystrophic lesions in males.

Risk Factors

Common risk factors in the development of Paget's disease of the breast are.[1][2][3][4]

  • People of African or Ashkenazi Jewish descent
  • Excessive use of alcohol

References

  1. Morandi, Luca; Pession, Annalisa; Marucci, Gian Luca; Foschini, Maria Pia; Pruneri, Giancarlo; Viale, Giuseppe; Eusebi, Vincenzo (2003). "Intraepidermal cells of paget's carcinoma of the breast can be genetically different from those of the underlying carcinoma". Human Pathology. 34 (12): 1321–1330. doi:10.1016/S0046-8177(03)00405-2. ISSN 0046-8177.
  2. Ruddy, K. J.; Winer, E. P. (2013). "Male breast cancer: risk factors, biology, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship". Annals of Oncology. 24 (6): 1434–1443. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdt025. ISSN 0923-7534.
  3. Ruddy KJ, Winer EP (June 2013). "Male breast cancer: risk factors, biology, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship". Ann. Oncol. 24 (6): 1434–43. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdt025. PMID 23425944.
  4. Orr, Nick; Lemnrau, Alina; Cooke, Rosie; Fletcher, Olivia; Tomczyk, Katarzyna; Jones, Michael; Johnson, Nichola; Lord, Christopher J; Mitsopoulos, Costas; Zvelebil, Marketa; McDade, Simon S; Buck, Gemma; Blancher, Christine; Trainer, Alison H; James, Paul A; Bojesen, Stig E; Bokmand, Susanne; Nevanlinna, Heli; Mattson, Johanna; Friedman, Eitan; Laitman, Yael; Palli, Domenico; Masala, Giovanna; Zanna, Ines; Ottini, Laura; Giannini, Giuseppe; Hollestelle, Antoinette; Ouweland, Ans M W van den; Novaković, Srdjan; Krajc, Mateja; Gago-Dominguez, Manuela; Castelao, Jose Esteban; Olsson, Håkan; Hedenfalk, Ingrid; Easton, Douglas F; Pharoah, Paul D P; Dunning, Alison M; Bishop, D Timothy; Neuhausen, Susan L; Steele, Linda; Houlston, Richard S; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat; Ashworth, Alan; Swerdlow, Anthony J (2012). "Genome-wide association study identifies a common variant in RAD51B associated with male breast cancer risk". Nature Genetics. 44 (11): 1182–1184. doi:10.1038/ng.2417. ISSN 1061-4036.