Fibroma epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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{{Fibroma}}
{{Fibroma}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Simrat}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{M.N}}, {{Simrat}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
Patients of all age groups may develop fibromas. However, the majority of fibromas are observed in adults. Fibromas usually affects men and women equally, however certain fibromas may show gender predilection. Fibromas are most often observed in adults, but they may occur in individuals of any age and either sex.
[[Patients]] of all [[age]] groups may develop fibromas. However, the majority of fibromas are observed in adults. Fibromas usually affects [[men]] and [[women]] equally, however certain fibromas may show gender predilection. Fibromas are most often observed in adults, but they may occur in individuals of any [[age]] and either sex.


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Non-ossifying Fibroma==
==Non-ossifying Fibroma==
===Prevalence===
===Prevalence===
The prevalence of [[non-ossifying fibroma]] is estimated to be 30-40 % of all normal children.
The [[prevalence]] of [[non-ossifying fibroma]] is estimated to be 30-40 % of all normal [[Child|children]].


===Age===
===Age===
Non-ossifying fibromas are the most common fibrous bony lesions in children and adolescents, with a peak incidence at 10-15 years old. Non-ossifying fibromas are not seen beyond the age of 30 years, as they spontaneously heal. The age of presentation of the isolated mandibular non-ossifying fibroma appears to differ from that of the long bones in that the mandibular NOF appears at an older average age at diagnosis. The overall incidence of non-ossifying fibromas in the long bones is 30–40 % of children over the age of 2 with the highest incidence between ages 4 and 8 years.
Non-ossifying fibromas are the most common [[fibrous]] bony lesions in [[children]] and adolescents, with a peak [[incidence]] at 10-15 years old. Non-ossifying fibromas are not seen beyond the age of 30 years, as they spontaneously heal. The [[age]] of presentation of the isolated [[mandibular]] non-ossifying fibroma appears to differ from that of the [[long bones]] in that the [[mandibular]] NOF appears at an older average [[age]] at [[diagnosis]]. The overall [[incidence]] of non-ossifying fibromas in the [[long bones]] is 30–40 % of [[children]] over the [[age]] of 2 with the highest [[incidence]] between [[ages]] 4 and 8 years.
===Gender===
===Gender===
Males are more commonly affected with non-ossifying fibromas of the long bones than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 2 to 1. Females are more commonly affected with mandibular NOF than males.
[[Males]] are more commonly affected with non-ossifying fibromas of the [[long bones]] than [[females]]. The [[male]] to [[female]] ratio is approximately 2 to 1. [[Females]] are more commonly affected with [[mandibular]] NOF than [[males]].


==Desmoplastic Fibroma==
==Desmoplastic Fibroma==
===Incidence===
===Incidence===
The incidence of [[desmoplastic fibroma]] is approximately 0.11% of all primary bone tumors.
The [[incidence]] of [[desmoplastic fibroma]] is approximately 0.11% of all primary [[bone tumors]].<ref name="pmid26855713">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pereira TD, de Lacerda JC, Porto-Matias MD, de Jesus AO, Gomez RS, Mesquita RA |title=Desmoplastic fibroblastoma (collagenous fibroma) of the oral cavity |journal=J Clin Exp Dent |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=e89–92 |date=February 2016 |pmid=26855713 |pmc=4739375 |doi=10.4317/jced.52605 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid29670724">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vasconcelos AC, Gomes AP, Tarquinio S, Abduch-Rodrigues E, Mesquita R, Silva K |title=Oral Bilateral Collagenous Fibroma: A previously unreported case and literature review |journal=J Clin Exp Dent |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=e96–e99 |date=January 2018 |pmid=29670724 |pmc=5899808 |doi=10.4317/jced.54123 |url=}}</ref>


===Age===
===Age===
The median age at presentation is 21 years.
The median [[age]] at presentation is 21 years.
===Gender===
===Gender===
[[Desmoplastic fibromas]] affects men and women equally.
[[Desmoplastic fibromas]] affects [[men]] and [[women]] equally.
 
==Ovarian Fibroma==
==Ovarian Fibroma==
Ovarian fibromas represent 4% of all ovarian neoplasms. They tend to occur mostly during perimenopause and postmenopause.
[[Ovary|Ovarian]] fibromas represent 4% of all [[ovarian]] [[neoplasms]]. They tend to occur mostly during [[perimenopause]] and [[Postmenopausal|postmenopause]].<ref name="pmid26175813">{{cite journal |vauthors=Boujoual M, Hakimi I, Kouach J, Oukabli M, Moussaoui DR, Dehayni M |title=Large twisted ovarian fibroma in menopausal women: a case report |journal=Pan Afr Med J |volume=20 |issue= |pages=322 |date=2015 |pmid=26175813 |pmc=4491469 |doi=10.11604/pamj.2015.20.322.5998 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16498263">{{cite journal |vauthors=Leung SW, Yuen PM |title=Ovarian fibroma: a review on the clinical characteristics, diagnostic difficulties, and management options of 23 cases |journal=Gynecol. Obstet. Invest. |volume=62 |issue=1 |pages=1–6 |date=2006 |pmid=16498263 |doi=10.1159/000091679 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid24761396">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rajabi P, Hani M, Bagheri M, Mirzadeh F |title=Large ovarian leiomyoma in young woman |journal=Adv Biomed Res |volume=3 |issue= |pages=88 |date=2014 |pmid=24761396 |pmc=3988605 |doi=10.4103/2277-9175.128001 |url=}}</ref>
===Age===
===Age===
Patients of all age groups may develop ovarian fibroma. However, they are most frequently seen in middle-aged women. The median age at diagnosis is 52 years. Ovarian fibromas commonly affects individuals during perimenopause and postmenopause. They are rare in children.
[[Patient|Patients]] of all [[age]] groups may develop [[Ovary|ovarian]] fibroma. However, they are most frequently seen in middle-aged [[women]]. The median [[age]] at [[diagnosis]] is 52 years. [[Ovarian]] fibromas commonly affects individuals during [[perimenopause]] and [[Postmenopausal|postmenopause]]. They are rare in [[children]].


==Ossifying Fibroma==
==Ossifying Fibroma==
===Age===
===Age===
[[Ossifying fibromas]] most frequently occur in young children (less than 10 years of age). The median age at diagnosis for females and for males is 13 years and 10 years respectively.<ref name="wiki">Fibroma. Wikipedia(2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteofibrous_dysplasia Accessed on March 12, 2016</ref><ref name="radio"> Fibroma. Radiopedia(2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/ossifying-fibroma Accessed on March 12, 2016</ref>
[[Ossifying fibromas]] most frequently occur in young [[children]] (less than 10 years of age). The median [[age]] at [[diagnosis]] for [[females]] and for [[males]] is 13 years and 10 years respectively.<ref name="pmid24431886">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maria A, Sharma Y, Malik M |title=Juvenile ossifying fibroma of mandible: a case report |journal=J Maxillofac Oral Surg |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=447–50 |date=December 2013 |pmid=24431886 |pmc=3847010 |doi=10.1007/s12663-010-0122-8 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid29373206">{{cite journal |vauthors=Alghonaim Y, ALRashed ALHumaid S, Arafat A |title=Aggressive ossifying fibroma of right ethmoidal sinus: A case report |journal=Int J Surg Case Rep |volume=53 |issue= |pages=513–516 |date=2018 |pmid=29373206 |pmc=6290393 |doi=10.1016/j.ijscr.2017.12.026 |url=}}</ref>
===Gender===
===Gender===
Ossifying fibromas affects men and women equally.
[[Ossifying fibroma|Ossifying]] fibromas affects [[men]] and [[women]] equally.


==Chondromyxoid Fibroma==
==Chondromyxoid Fibroma==
A [[chondromyxoid fibroma]] (CMF) is an extremely rare benign cartilaginous neoplasm which accounts for < 1% bone tumours.<ref name="radio"> Fibroma. Radiopedia(2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/chondromyxoid-fibroma Accessed on March 12, 2016</ref>
A [[chondromyxoid fibroma]] (CMF) is an extremely rare [[benign]] [[cartilaginous]] [[neoplasm]] which accounts for < 1% bone [[Tumor|tumours]].<ref name="pmid30580642">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sono T, Ware AD, McCarthy EF, James AW |title=Chondromyxoid Fibroma of the Pelvis: Institutional Case Series With a Focus on Distinctive Features |journal=Int. J. Surg. Pathol. |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=352–359 |date=June 2019 |pmid=30580642 |pmc=6504570 |doi=10.1177/1066896918820446 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid26393192">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chowdary PB, Patil MD, Govindarajan AK |title=Chondromyxoid Fibroma: An Unusual Tumour at An Atypical Location |journal=J Clin Diagn Res |volume=9 |issue=7 |pages=XD04–XD05 |date=July 2015 |pmid=26393192 |doi=10.7860/JCDR/2015/13134.6184 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17907440">{{cite journal |vauthors=Takenaga RK, Frassica FJ, McCarthy EF |title=Subperiosteal chondromyxoid fibroma: a report of two cases |journal=Iowa Orthop J |volume=27 |issue= |pages=104–7 |date=2007 |pmid=17907440 |pmc=2150655 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
===Gender===
===Gender===
Chondromyxoid fibromas affects men and women equally.
[[Chondromyxoid fibroma|Chondromyxoid]] fibromas affects [[men]] and [[women]] equally.
===Age===
===Age===
Patients of all age groups may develop [[chondromyxoid fibroma]]. However, they are most frequently seen in second and third decades. Approximately 75% of cases occur before the age of 30 years. The location of chondromyxoid fibroma varies with age. It is found predominantly in long bones between 1 and 10 years, while the distribution of localization becomes equal between the long bones, flat bones and ribs in the fourth decade. According to some authors, the average age for intracranial CMF is 37 – 39  years. It is 32.7years (range 15-50 years) among patients who have frontal CMF.The duration of the symptoms before diagnosis varies between 10 days and 20 years.<ref>Yerleflen, Frontal Kemikte. "Chondromyxoid fibroma of frontal bone: a case report and review of the literature." Turkish neurosurgery 18.3 (2008): 249-253.</ref>
[[Patients]] of all [[age]] groups may develop [[chondromyxoid fibroma]]. However, they are most frequently seen in second and third decades. Approximately 75% of cases occur before the [[age]] of 30 years. The location of [[Chondromyxoid fibroma|chondromyxoid]] fibroma(CMF) varies with [[age]]. It is found predominantly in [[long bones]] between 1 and 10 years, while the distribution of localization becomes equal between the [[long bones]], [[flat bones]] and [[ribs]] in the fourth decade. According to some authors, the average age for intracranial CMF is 37 – 39  years. It is 32.7years (range 15-50 years) among [[Patient|patients]] who have frontal CMF.The duration of the [[symptoms]] before [[diagnosis]] varies between 10 days and 20 years.<ref>Yerleflen, Frontal Kemikte. "Chondromyxoid fibroma of frontal bone: a case report and review of the literature." Turkish neurosurgery 18.3 (2008): 249-253.</ref>


==Cardiac Fibroma==
==Cardiac Fibroma==
===Age===  
===Age===  
Cardiac fibromas primarily affects children, the majority of cases are detected in infants or in utero. They are the second most common benign primary cardiac tumour in children after cardiac rhabdomyoma and second commonest fetal cardiac tumour.
[[Cardiac]] fibromas primarily affects [[children]], the majority of cases are detected in [[infants]] or [[in utero]]. They are the second most common [[benign]] primary cardiac [[Tumor|tumour]] in [[children]] after [[cardiac rhabdomyoma]] and second commonest [[fetal]] [[cardiac tumor]].<ref name="pmid22472419">{{cite journal |vauthors=Torimitsu S, Nemoto T, Wakayama M, Okubo Y, Yokose T, Kitahara K, Ozawa T, Nakayama H, Shinozaki M, Sasai D, Ishiwatari T, Takuma K, Shibuya K |title=Literature survey on epidemiology and pathology of cardiac fibroma |journal=Eur. J. Med. Res. |volume=17 |issue= |pages=5 |date=March 2012 |pmid=22472419 |pmc=3351722 |doi=10.1186/2047-783X-17-5 |url=}}</ref>
 
==Pleural Fibromas==
==Pleural Fibromas==
===Gender===
===Gender===
Cardiac fibromas affects men and women equally.
[[Pleural]] fibromas affects [[men]] and [[women]] equally.<ref name="pmid25878653">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hassan S, Husain SS, Anwar MA, Saeed S |title=Pleural Fibroma; A meandering path to surgical removal |journal=Pak J Med Sci |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=236–8 |date=2015 |pmid=25878653 |pmc=4386196 |doi=10.12669/pjms.311.5517 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid1792643">{{cite journal |vauthors=Masson EA, MacFarlane IA, Graham D, Foy P |title=Spontaneous hypoglycaemia due to a pleural fibroma: role of insulin like growth factors |journal=Thorax |volume=46 |issue=12 |pages=930–1 |date=December 1991 |pmid=1792643 |pmc=463502 |doi=10.1136/thx.46.12.930 |url=}}</ref>
===Age===
===Age===
[[Cardiac fibromas]] usually presents in the 6th to 7th decades.
[[Pleural]] fibromas usually presents in the 6th to 7th decades.
 
==Cemento-ossifying Fibroma==
==Cemento-ossifying Fibroma==
===Age===
===Age===
Cemento-ossifying fibromas are most frequently diagnosed during the third and fourth decades. Occasionally, they are identified in children, in which case they are a more aggressive variant and are known as juvenile aggressive cemento-ossifying fibromas. Patients of all age groups may develop cemento-ossifying fibroma. Cemento-ossifying fibroma commonly affects individuals 10-20 years of age.<ref name="radio"> Fibroma. Radiopedia(2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/cemento-ossifying-fibroma Accessed on March 12, 2016</ref>  
Cemento-ossifying fibromas are most frequently diagnosed during the third and fourth decades. Occasionally, they are identified in [[children]], in which case they are a more aggressive variant and are known as juvenile aggressive cemento-ossifying fibromas. [[Patient|Patients]] of all [[age]] groups may develop cemento-ossifying fibroma. Cemento-ossifying fibroma commonly affects individuals 10-20 years of [[age]].<ref name="pmid23365762">{{cite journal |vauthors=Verma E, Chakki AB, Nagaral SC, Ganji KK |title=Peripheral cemento-ossifying fibroma: case series literature review |journal=Case Rep Dent |volume=2013 |issue= |pages=930870 |date=2013 |pmid=23365762 |pmc=3556846 |doi=10.1155/2013/930870 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid24678226">{{cite journal |vauthors=Naik RM, Guruprasad Y, Sujatha D, Gurudath S, Pai A, Suresh K |title=Giant cemento-ossifying fibroma of the mandible |journal=J Nat Sci Biol Med |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=190–4 |date=January 2014 |pmid=24678226 |pmc=3961933 |doi=10.4103/0976-9668.127326 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid27174452">{{cite journal |vauthors=Katti G, Khan MM, Chaubey SS, Amena M |title=Cemento-ossifying fibroma of the jaw |journal=BMJ Case Rep |volume=2016 |issue= |pages= |date=May 2016 |pmid=27174452 |pmc=4885328 |doi=10.1136/bcr-2015-214327 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid27688399">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shejbal D, Vonsović G, Baudoin T, Vagic D |title=Cystic Shape Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma of Ethmoid Sinus |journal=Acta Stomatol Croat |volume=49 |issue=2 |pages=158–211 |date=June 2015 |pmid=27688399 |pmc=4988820 |doi=10.15644/asc49/2/10 |url=}}</ref>
 
===Gender===
===Gender===
Females are more commonly affected with cemento-ossifying fibromas than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 3 to 2.
[[Female|Females]] are more commonly affected with cemento-ossifying fibromas than [[males]]. The [[female]] to [[male]] ratio is approximately 3 to 2.


==Oral Fibroma==
==Oral Fibroma==
[[Oral fibromas]] are the most common oral cavity tumor.
[[Oral fibromas]] are the most common oral cavity tumors.<ref name="pmid26448815">{{cite journal |vauthors=Panta P |title=Traumatic fibroma |journal=Pan Afr Med J |volume=21 |issue= |pages=220 |date=2015 |pmid=26448815 |pmc=4587079 |doi=10.11604/pamj.2015.21.220.7498 |url=}}</ref>
===Age===
===Age===
Patients of all age groups may develop oral fibromas. However, they are most commonly seen in older adults, usually 30-50 years old. It affects 1-2% of adults. It is the most common oral cavity tumour.
[[Patient|Patients]] of all [[age]] groups may develop oral fibromas. However, they are most commonly seen in older adults, usually 30-50 years old. It affects 1-2% of [[Adult|adults]]. It is the most common oral cavity [[Tumor|tumour]].


===Gender===
===Gender===
Females are more commonly affected with oral fibromas than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 2 to 1.
[[Females]] are more commonly affected with [[oral]] fibromas than [[males]]. The [[female]] to [[male]] ratio is approximately 2 to 1.


==Giant cell fibroma==
==Giant cell fibroma==
===Age===
===Age===
Patients of all age groups may develop [[giant cell fibroma]]. The majority of cases of giant cell fibroma are diagnosed in persons aged 10-30 years.<ref name="wiki">Fibroma. Wikipedia(2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant-cell_fibroma Accessed on March 12, 2016</ref>
[[Patients]] of all [[age]] groups may develop [[giant cell fibroma]]. The majority of cases of giant cell fibroma are diagnosed in persons aged 10-30 years.<ref name="pmid24511398">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sonalika WG, Sahu A, Deogade SC, Gupta P, Naitam D, Chansoria H, Agarwal J, Katoch S |title=Giant cell fibroma of tongue: understanding the nature of an unusual histopathological entity |journal=Case Rep Dent |volume=2014 |issue= |pages=864512 |date=2014 |pmid=24511398 |pmc=3910466 |doi=10.1155/2014/864512 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23248467">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sabarinath B, Sivaramakrishnan M, Sivapathasundharam B |title=Giant cell fibroma: A clinicopathological study |journal=J Oral Maxillofac Pathol |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=359–62 |date=September 2012 |pmid=23248467 |pmc=3519210 |doi=10.4103/0973-029X.102485 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid29391720">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kulkarni S, Chandrashekar C, Kudva R, Radhakrishnan R |title=Giant-cell fibroma: Understanding the nature of the melanin-laden cells |journal=J Oral Maxillofac Pathol |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=429–433 |date=2017 |pmid=29391720 |pmc=5763868 |doi=10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_209_16 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid24422028">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nikitakis NG, Emmanouil D, Maroulakos MP, Angelopoulou MV |title=Giant cell fibroma in children: report of two cases and literature review |journal=J Oral Maxillofac Res |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=e5 |date=2013 |pmid=24422028 |pmc=3886105 |doi=10.5037/jomr.2013.4105 |url=}}</ref>
 
===Gender===
===Gender===
Giant cell fibromas affects men and women equally.
Giant cell fibromas affects [[men]] and [[women]] equally.


==Elastofibroma==
==Elastofibroma==
===Age===
===Age===
[[Elastofibroma]] commonly affects individuals older than 50 years of age. Elastofibroma is a rare disease that tends to affect elderly population  (< 0.001% of soft tissue tumors).<ref name="pmid18197858">{{cite journal| author=Manchandu R, Foote J, Alawi F| title=Elastofibroma presenting as an oral soft tissue mass. | journal=J Oral Pathol Med | year= 2008 | volume= 37 | issue= 2 | pages= 125-6 | pmid=18197858 | doi=10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00592.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18197858  }} </ref><ref name="pmid14716258">{{cite journal| author=Potter TJ, Summerlin DJ, Rodgers SF| title=Elastofibroma: the initial report in the oral mucosa. | journal=Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod | year= 2004 | volume= 97 | issue= 1 | pages= 64-7 | pmid=14716258 | doi=10.1016/S1079210403005596 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14716258  }} </ref>
[[Elastofibroma]] commonly affects individuals older than 50 years of [[age]]. Elastofibroma is a rare [[disease]] that tends to affect elderly [[population]] (< 0.001% of soft tissue tumors).<ref name="pmid18197858">{{cite journal| author=Manchandu R, Foote J, Alawi F| title=Elastofibroma presenting as an oral soft tissue mass. | journal=J Oral Pathol Med | year= 2008 | volume= 37 | issue= 2 | pages= 125-6 | pmid=18197858 | doi=10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00592.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18197858  }} </ref><ref name="pmid14716258">{{cite journal| author=Potter TJ, Summerlin DJ, Rodgers SF| title=Elastofibroma: the initial report in the oral mucosa. | journal=Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod | year= 2004 | volume= 97 | issue= 1 | pages= 64-7 | pmid=14716258 | doi=10.1016/S1079210403005596 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14716258  }} </ref>
 
===Gender===
===Gender===
Females are more commonly affected with elastofibroma than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 5 to 1.
[[Females]] are more commonly affected with elastofibroma than [[males]]. The [[female]] to [[male]] ratio is approximately 5 to 1.
   
   
==Uterine Fibroma==
==Uterine Fibroma==
===Age===
===Age===
[[Uterine fibromas]] occur in approximately 25% of women of reproductive age. Approximately 40% of women by age 40 years develop uterine fibromas. Uterine fibromas commonly affects females after puberty, they commonly accelerate in growth during pregnancy and involute with menopause. Uterine fibromas commonly affects individuals older than 30 years of age. Approximately 20% to 80% of women develop fibroids by the age of 50.<ref name="radio"> Fibroma. Radiopedia(2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/uterine-leiomyoma Accessed on March 12, 2016</ref>
[[Uterine fibromas]] occur in approximately 25% of [[women]] of [[reproductive]] [[age]]. Approximately 40% of [[women]] by [[age]] 40 years develop uterine fibromas. Uterine fibromas commonly affects [[females]] after [[puberty]], they commonly accelerate in [[growth]] during [[pregnancy]] and involute with [[menopause]]. Uterine fibromas commonly affects individuals older than 30 years of [[age]]. Approximately 20% to 80% of [[women]] develop fibroids by the [[age]] of 50.<ref name="pmid22448610">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zimmermann A, Bernuit D, Gerlinger C, Schaefers M, Geppert K |title=Prevalence, symptoms and management of uterine fibroids: an international internet-based survey of 21,746 women |journal=BMC Womens Health |volume=12 |issue= |pages=6 |date=March 2012 |pmid=22448610 |pmc=3342149 |doi=10.1186/1472-6874-12-6 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid26744813">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wise LA, Laughlin-Tommaso SK |title=Epidemiology of Uterine Fibroids: From Menarche to Menopause |journal=Clin Obstet Gynecol |volume=59 |issue=1 |pages=2–24 |date=March 2016 |pmid=26744813 |pmc=4733579 |doi=10.1097/GRF.0000000000000164 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15738025">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wise LA, Palmer JR, Stewart EA, Rosenberg L |title=Age-specific incidence rates for self-reported uterine leiomyomata in the Black Women's Health Study |journal=Obstet Gynecol |volume=105 |issue=3 |pages=563–8 |date=March 2005 |pmid=15738025 |pmc=1847590 |doi=10.1097/01.AOG.0000154161.03418.e3 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9397113">{{cite journal |vauthors=Marshall LM, Spiegelman D, Barbieri RL, Goldman MB, Manson JE, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Hunter DJ |title=Variation in the incidence of uterine leiomyoma among premenopausal women by age and race |journal=Obstet Gynecol |volume=90 |issue=6 |pages=967–73 |date=December 1997 |pmid=9397113 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid18534913">{{cite journal |vauthors=Okolo S |title=Incidence, aetiology and epidemiology of uterine fibroids |journal=Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=571–88 |date=August 2008 |pmid=18534913 |doi=10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2008.04.002 |url=}}</ref>
 
===Prevalence===
===Prevalence===
In 2013, it was estimated that 171 million women were affected by uterine fibromas worldwide.
In 2013, it was estimated that 171 million [[women]] were affected by uterine fibromas worldwide.<ref name="pmid26141720">{{cite journal |vauthors=Commandeur AE, Styer AK, Teixeira JM |title=Epidemiological and genetic clues for molecular mechanisms involved in uterine leiomyoma development and growth |journal=Hum. Reprod. Update |volume=21 |issue=5 |pages=593–615 |date=2015 |pmid=26141720 |pmc=4533663 |doi=10.1093/humupd/dmv030 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20414843">{{cite journal |vauthors=Laughlin SK, Schroeder JC, Baird DD |title=New directions in the epidemiology of uterine fibroids |journal=Semin. Reprod. Med. |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=204–17 |date=May 2010 |pmid=20414843 |pmc=5330647 |doi=10.1055/s-0030-1251477 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid30545402">{{cite journal |vauthors=Egbe TO, Badjang TG, Tchounzou R, Egbe EN, Ngowe MN |title=Uterine fibroids in pregnancy: prevalence, clinical presentation, associated factors and outcomes at the Limbe and Buea Regional Hospitals, Cameroon: a cross-sectional study |journal=BMC Res Notes |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=889 |date=December 2018 |pmid=30545402 |pmc=6293543 |doi=10.1186/s13104-018-4007-0 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid28652819">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fuldeore MJ, Soliman AM |title=Patient-reported prevalence and symptomatic burden of uterine fibroids among women in the United States: findings from a cross-sectional survey analysis |journal=Int J Womens Health |volume=9 |issue= |pages=403–411 |date=2017 |pmid=28652819 |pmc=5476627 |doi=10.2147/IJWH.S133212 |url=}}</ref>
 
===Race===
===Race===
Uterine fibromas usually affects individuals of the African race. Caucasian females are less likely to develop uterine fibromas. African American women are two to three times more likely to get fibroids than Caucasian women. In African-American women fibroids seem to occur at a younger age, grow more quickly, and are more likely to cause symptoms.
Uterine fibromas usually affects individuals of the African race. Caucasian [[females]] are less likely to develop uterine fibromas. African American [[women]] are two to three times more likely to get fibroids than Caucasian [[women]]. In African-American women fibroids seem to occur at a younger age, grow more quickly, and are more likely to cause symptoms.According to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, eighty percent of African American [[women]] will develop [[benign]] uterine fibroid tumors by their late 40s.<ref name="pmid24268705">{{cite journal |vauthors=Moore KR, Smith JS, Laughlin-Tommaso SK, Baird DD |title=Cervical neoplasia-related factors and decreased prevalence of uterine fibroids among a cohort of African American women |journal=Fertil. Steril. |volume=101 |issue=1 |pages=208–14 |date=January 2014 |pmid=24268705 |pmc=3880401 |doi=10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.09.021 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid12548202">{{cite journal |vauthors=Baird DD, Dunson DB, Hill MC, Cousins D, Schectman JM |title=High cumulative incidence of uterine leiomyoma in black and white women: ultrasound evidence |journal=Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. |volume=188 |issue=1 |pages=100–7 |date=January 2003 |pmid=12548202 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid8829060">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kjerulff KH, Langenberg P, Seidman JD, Stolley PD, Guzinski GM |title=Uterine leiomyomas. Racial differences in severity, symptoms and age at diagnosis |journal=J Reprod Med |volume=41 |issue=7 |pages=483–90 |date=July 1996 |pmid=8829060 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
According to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, eighty percent of African American women will develop benign uterine fibroid tumors by their late 40s.
 
==Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma==
==Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma==
It is a rare lesion
It is a rare lesion
===Age===
===Age===
Patients of all age groups may develop peripheral odontogenic fibroma. [[Peripheral odontogenic fibroma]] commonly affects individuals ranged from 5 to 65 years of age.  
[[Patients]] of all [[age]] groups may develop peripheral [[odontogenic]] fibroma. [[Peripheral odontogenic fibroma]] commonly affects individuals ranged from 5 to 65 years of age.<ref name="pmid24920510">{{cite journal |vauthors=Reddy SV, Medikonda SK, Konda A, Natta S |title=A rare benign odontogenic neoplasm: peripheral odontogenic fibroma |journal=BMJ Case Rep |volume=2014 |issue= |pages= |date=June 2014 |pmid=24920510 |pmc=4069815 |doi=10.1136/bcr-2013-201065 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22028517">{{cite journal |vauthors=Baiju CS, Rohatgi S |title=Peripheral odontogenic fibroma: A case report and review |journal=J Indian Soc Periodontol |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=273–5 |date=July 2011 |pmid=22028517 |pmc=3200026 |doi=10.4103/0972-124X.85674 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid28377665">{{cite journal |vauthors=Khot K, Deshmane S, Bagri-Manjrekar K, Khot P |title=Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma: A Rare Tumor mimicking a Gingival Reactive Lesion |journal=Int J Clin Pediatr Dent |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=103–106 |date=2017 |pmid=28377665 |pmc=5360813 |doi=10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1416 |url=}}</ref>
 
===Gender===
===Gender===
Peripheral odontogenic fibromas affects men and women equally.
Peripheral [[odontogenic]] fibromas affects [[men]] and [[women]] equally.


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Oncology]]  
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Latest revision as of 15:23, 24 July 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maneesha Nandimandalam, M.B.B.S.[2], Simrat Sarai, M.D. [3]

Overview

Patients of all age groups may develop fibromas. However, the majority of fibromas are observed in adults. Fibromas usually affects men and women equally, however certain fibromas may show gender predilection. Fibromas are most often observed in adults, but they may occur in individuals of any age and either sex.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Non-ossifying Fibroma

Prevalence

The prevalence of non-ossifying fibroma is estimated to be 30-40 % of all normal children.

Age

Non-ossifying fibromas are the most common fibrous bony lesions in children and adolescents, with a peak incidence at 10-15 years old. Non-ossifying fibromas are not seen beyond the age of 30 years, as they spontaneously heal. The age of presentation of the isolated mandibular non-ossifying fibroma appears to differ from that of the long bones in that the mandibular NOF appears at an older average age at diagnosis. The overall incidence of non-ossifying fibromas in the long bones is 30–40 % of children over the age of 2 with the highest incidence between ages 4 and 8 years.

Gender

Males are more commonly affected with non-ossifying fibromas of the long bones than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 2 to 1. Females are more commonly affected with mandibular NOF than males.

Desmoplastic Fibroma

Incidence

The incidence of desmoplastic fibroma is approximately 0.11% of all primary bone tumors.[1][2]

Age

The median age at presentation is 21 years.

Gender

Desmoplastic fibromas affects men and women equally.

Ovarian Fibroma

Ovarian fibromas represent 4% of all ovarian neoplasms. They tend to occur mostly during perimenopause and postmenopause.[3][4][5]

Age

Patients of all age groups may develop ovarian fibroma. However, they are most frequently seen in middle-aged women. The median age at diagnosis is 52 years. Ovarian fibromas commonly affects individuals during perimenopause and postmenopause. They are rare in children.

Ossifying Fibroma

Age

Ossifying fibromas most frequently occur in young children (less than 10 years of age). The median age at diagnosis for females and for males is 13 years and 10 years respectively.[6][7]

Gender

Ossifying fibromas affects men and women equally.

Chondromyxoid Fibroma

A chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is an extremely rare benign cartilaginous neoplasm which accounts for < 1% bone tumours.[8][9][10]

Gender

Chondromyxoid fibromas affects men and women equally.

Age

Patients of all age groups may develop chondromyxoid fibroma. However, they are most frequently seen in second and third decades. Approximately 75% of cases occur before the age of 30 years. The location of chondromyxoid fibroma(CMF) varies with age. It is found predominantly in long bones between 1 and 10 years, while the distribution of localization becomes equal between the long bones, flat bones and ribs in the fourth decade. According to some authors, the average age for intracranial CMF is 37 – 39 years. It is 32.7years (range 15-50 years) among patients who have frontal CMF.The duration of the symptoms before diagnosis varies between 10 days and 20 years.[11]

Cardiac Fibroma

Age

Cardiac fibromas primarily affects children, the majority of cases are detected in infants or in utero. They are the second most common benign primary cardiac tumour in children after cardiac rhabdomyoma and second commonest fetal cardiac tumor.[12]

Pleural Fibromas

Gender

Pleural fibromas affects men and women equally.[13][14]

Age

Pleural fibromas usually presents in the 6th to 7th decades.

Cemento-ossifying Fibroma

Age

Cemento-ossifying fibromas are most frequently diagnosed during the third and fourth decades. Occasionally, they are identified in children, in which case they are a more aggressive variant and are known as juvenile aggressive cemento-ossifying fibromas. Patients of all age groups may develop cemento-ossifying fibroma. Cemento-ossifying fibroma commonly affects individuals 10-20 years of age.[15][16][17][18]

Gender

Females are more commonly affected with cemento-ossifying fibromas than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 3 to 2.

Oral Fibroma

Oral fibromas are the most common oral cavity tumors.[19]

Age

Patients of all age groups may develop oral fibromas. However, they are most commonly seen in older adults, usually 30-50 years old. It affects 1-2% of adults. It is the most common oral cavity tumour.

Gender

Females are more commonly affected with oral fibromas than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 2 to 1.

Giant cell fibroma

Age

Patients of all age groups may develop giant cell fibroma. The majority of cases of giant cell fibroma are diagnosed in persons aged 10-30 years.[20][21][22][23]

Gender

Giant cell fibromas affects men and women equally.

Elastofibroma

Age

Elastofibroma commonly affects individuals older than 50 years of age. Elastofibroma is a rare disease that tends to affect elderly population (< 0.001% of soft tissue tumors).[24][25]

Gender

Females are more commonly affected with elastofibroma than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 5 to 1.

Uterine Fibroma

Age

Uterine fibromas occur in approximately 25% of women of reproductive age. Approximately 40% of women by age 40 years develop uterine fibromas. Uterine fibromas commonly affects females after puberty, they commonly accelerate in growth during pregnancy and involute with menopause. Uterine fibromas commonly affects individuals older than 30 years of age. Approximately 20% to 80% of women develop fibroids by the age of 50.[26][27][28][29][30]

Prevalence

In 2013, it was estimated that 171 million women were affected by uterine fibromas worldwide.[31][32][33][34]

Race

Uterine fibromas usually affects individuals of the African race. Caucasian females are less likely to develop uterine fibromas. African American women are two to three times more likely to get fibroids than Caucasian women. In African-American women fibroids seem to occur at a younger age, grow more quickly, and are more likely to cause symptoms.According to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, eighty percent of African American women will develop benign uterine fibroid tumors by their late 40s.[35][36][37]

Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma

It is a rare lesion

Age

Patients of all age groups may develop peripheral odontogenic fibroma. Peripheral odontogenic fibroma commonly affects individuals ranged from 5 to 65 years of age.[38][39][40]

Gender

Peripheral odontogenic fibromas affects men and women equally.

References

  1. ↑ Pereira TD, de Lacerda JC, Porto-Matias MD, de Jesus AO, Gomez RS, Mesquita RA (February 2016). "Desmoplastic fibroblastoma (collagenous fibroma) of the oral cavity". J Clin Exp Dent. 8 (1): e89–92. doi:10.4317/jced.52605. PMC 4739375. PMID 26855713.
  2. ↑ Vasconcelos AC, Gomes AP, Tarquinio S, Abduch-Rodrigues E, Mesquita R, Silva K (January 2018). "Oral Bilateral Collagenous Fibroma: A previously unreported case and literature review". J Clin Exp Dent. 10 (1): e96–e99. doi:10.4317/jced.54123. PMC 5899808. PMID 29670724.
  3. ↑ Boujoual M, Hakimi I, Kouach J, Oukabli M, Moussaoui DR, Dehayni M (2015). "Large twisted ovarian fibroma in menopausal women: a case report". Pan Afr Med J. 20: 322. doi:10.11604/pamj.2015.20.322.5998. PMC 4491469. PMID 26175813.
  4. ↑ Leung SW, Yuen PM (2006). "Ovarian fibroma: a review on the clinical characteristics, diagnostic difficulties, and management options of 23 cases". Gynecol. Obstet. Invest. 62 (1): 1–6. doi:10.1159/000091679. PMID 16498263.
  5. ↑ Rajabi P, Hani M, Bagheri M, Mirzadeh F (2014). "Large ovarian leiomyoma in young woman". Adv Biomed Res. 3: 88. doi:10.4103/2277-9175.128001. PMC 3988605. PMID 24761396.
  6. ↑ Maria A, Sharma Y, Malik M (December 2013). "Juvenile ossifying fibroma of mandible: a case report". J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 12 (4): 447–50. doi:10.1007/s12663-010-0122-8. PMC 3847010. PMID 24431886.
  7. ↑ Alghonaim Y, ALRashed ALHumaid S, Arafat A (2018). "Aggressive ossifying fibroma of right ethmoidal sinus: A case report". Int J Surg Case Rep. 53: 513–516. doi:10.1016/j.ijscr.2017.12.026. PMC 6290393. PMID 29373206.
  8. ↑ Sono T, Ware AD, McCarthy EF, James AW (June 2019). "Chondromyxoid Fibroma of the Pelvis: Institutional Case Series With a Focus on Distinctive Features". Int. J. Surg. Pathol. 27 (4): 352–359. doi:10.1177/1066896918820446. PMC 6504570 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 30580642.
  9. ↑ Chowdary PB, Patil MD, Govindarajan AK (July 2015). "Chondromyxoid Fibroma: An Unusual Tumour at An Atypical Location". J Clin Diagn Res. 9 (7): XD04–XD05. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2015/13134.6184. PMID 26393192.
  10. ↑ Takenaga RK, Frassica FJ, McCarthy EF (2007). "Subperiosteal chondromyxoid fibroma: a report of two cases". Iowa Orthop J. 27: 104–7. PMC 2150655. PMID 17907440.
  11. ↑ Yerleflen, Frontal Kemikte. "Chondromyxoid fibroma of frontal bone: a case report and review of the literature." Turkish neurosurgery 18.3 (2008): 249-253.
  12. ↑ Torimitsu S, Nemoto T, Wakayama M, Okubo Y, Yokose T, Kitahara K, Ozawa T, Nakayama H, Shinozaki M, Sasai D, Ishiwatari T, Takuma K, Shibuya K (March 2012). "Literature survey on epidemiology and pathology of cardiac fibroma". Eur. J. Med. Res. 17: 5. doi:10.1186/2047-783X-17-5. PMC 3351722. PMID 22472419.
  13. ↑ Hassan S, Husain SS, Anwar MA, Saeed S (2015). "Pleural Fibroma; A meandering path to surgical removal". Pak J Med Sci. 31 (1): 236–8. doi:10.12669/pjms.311.5517. PMC 4386196. PMID 25878653.
  14. ↑ Masson EA, MacFarlane IA, Graham D, Foy P (December 1991). "Spontaneous hypoglycaemia due to a pleural fibroma: role of insulin like growth factors". Thorax. 46 (12): 930–1. doi:10.1136/thx.46.12.930. PMC 463502. PMID 1792643.
  15. ↑ Verma E, Chakki AB, Nagaral SC, Ganji KK (2013). "Peripheral cemento-ossifying fibroma: case series literature review". Case Rep Dent. 2013: 930870. doi:10.1155/2013/930870. PMC 3556846. PMID 23365762.
  16. ↑ Naik RM, Guruprasad Y, Sujatha D, Gurudath S, Pai A, Suresh K (January 2014). "Giant cemento-ossifying fibroma of the mandible". J Nat Sci Biol Med. 5 (1): 190–4. doi:10.4103/0976-9668.127326. PMC 3961933. PMID 24678226.
  17. ↑ Katti G, Khan MM, Chaubey SS, Amena M (May 2016). "Cemento-ossifying fibroma of the jaw". BMJ Case Rep. 2016. doi:10.1136/bcr-2015-214327. PMC 4885328. PMID 27174452.
  18. ↑ Shejbal D, Vonsović G, Baudoin T, Vagic D (June 2015). "Cystic Shape Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma of Ethmoid Sinus". Acta Stomatol Croat. 49 (2): 158–211. doi:10.15644/asc49/2/10. PMC 4988820. PMID 27688399.
  19. ↑ Panta P (2015). "Traumatic fibroma". Pan Afr Med J. 21: 220. doi:10.11604/pamj.2015.21.220.7498. PMC 4587079. PMID 26448815.
  20. ↑ Sonalika WG, Sahu A, Deogade SC, Gupta P, Naitam D, Chansoria H, Agarwal J, Katoch S (2014). "Giant cell fibroma of tongue: understanding the nature of an unusual histopathological entity". Case Rep Dent. 2014: 864512. doi:10.1155/2014/864512. PMC 3910466. PMID 24511398.
  21. ↑ Sabarinath B, Sivaramakrishnan M, Sivapathasundharam B (September 2012). "Giant cell fibroma: A clinicopathological study". J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 16 (3): 359–62. doi:10.4103/0973-029X.102485. PMC 3519210. PMID 23248467.
  22. ↑ Kulkarni S, Chandrashekar C, Kudva R, Radhakrishnan R (2017). "Giant-cell fibroma: Understanding the nature of the melanin-laden cells". J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 21 (3): 429–433. doi:10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_209_16. PMC 5763868. PMID 29391720.
  23. ↑ Nikitakis NG, Emmanouil D, Maroulakos MP, Angelopoulou MV (2013). "Giant cell fibroma in children: report of two cases and literature review". J Oral Maxillofac Res. 4 (1): e5. doi:10.5037/jomr.2013.4105. PMC 3886105. PMID 24422028.
  24. ↑ Manchandu R, Foote J, Alawi F (2008). "Elastofibroma presenting as an oral soft tissue mass". J Oral Pathol Med. 37 (2): 125–6. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00592.x. PMID 18197858.
  25. ↑ Potter TJ, Summerlin DJ, Rodgers SF (2004). "Elastofibroma: the initial report in the oral mucosa". Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 97 (1): 64–7. doi:10.1016/S1079210403005596. PMID 14716258.
  26. ↑ Zimmermann A, Bernuit D, Gerlinger C, Schaefers M, Geppert K (March 2012). "Prevalence, symptoms and management of uterine fibroids: an international internet-based survey of 21,746 women". BMC Womens Health. 12: 6. doi:10.1186/1472-6874-12-6. PMC 3342149. PMID 22448610.
  27. ↑ Wise LA, Laughlin-Tommaso SK (March 2016). "Epidemiology of Uterine Fibroids: From Menarche to Menopause". Clin Obstet Gynecol. 59 (1): 2–24. doi:10.1097/GRF.0000000000000164. PMC 4733579. PMID 26744813.
  28. ↑ Wise LA, Palmer JR, Stewart EA, Rosenberg L (March 2005). "Age-specific incidence rates for self-reported uterine leiomyomata in the Black Women's Health Study". Obstet Gynecol. 105 (3): 563–8. doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000154161.03418.e3. PMC 1847590. PMID 15738025.
  29. ↑ Marshall LM, Spiegelman D, Barbieri RL, Goldman MB, Manson JE, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Hunter DJ (December 1997). "Variation in the incidence of uterine leiomyoma among premenopausal women by age and race". Obstet Gynecol. 90 (6): 967–73. PMID 9397113.
  30. ↑ Okolo S (August 2008). "Incidence, aetiology and epidemiology of uterine fibroids". Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 22 (4): 571–88. doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2008.04.002. PMID 18534913.
  31. ↑ Commandeur AE, Styer AK, Teixeira JM (2015). "Epidemiological and genetic clues for molecular mechanisms involved in uterine leiomyoma development and growth". Hum. Reprod. Update. 21 (5): 593–615. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmv030. PMC 4533663. PMID 26141720.
  32. ↑ Laughlin SK, Schroeder JC, Baird DD (May 2010). "New directions in the epidemiology of uterine fibroids". Semin. Reprod. Med. 28 (3): 204–17. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1251477. PMC 5330647. PMID 20414843.
  33. ↑ Egbe TO, Badjang TG, Tchounzou R, Egbe EN, Ngowe MN (December 2018). "Uterine fibroids in pregnancy: prevalence, clinical presentation, associated factors and outcomes at the Limbe and Buea Regional Hospitals, Cameroon: a cross-sectional study". BMC Res Notes. 11 (1): 889. doi:10.1186/s13104-018-4007-0. PMC 6293543. PMID 30545402.
  34. ↑ Fuldeore MJ, Soliman AM (2017). "Patient-reported prevalence and symptomatic burden of uterine fibroids among women in the United States: findings from a cross-sectional survey analysis". Int J Womens Health. 9: 403–411. doi:10.2147/IJWH.S133212. PMC 5476627. PMID 28652819.
  35. ↑ Moore KR, Smith JS, Laughlin-Tommaso SK, Baird DD (January 2014). "Cervical neoplasia-related factors and decreased prevalence of uterine fibroids among a cohort of African American women". Fertil. Steril. 101 (1): 208–14. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.09.021. PMC 3880401. PMID 24268705.
  36. ↑ Baird DD, Dunson DB, Hill MC, Cousins D, Schectman JM (January 2003). "High cumulative incidence of uterine leiomyoma in black and white women: ultrasound evidence". Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 188 (1): 100–7. PMID 12548202.
  37. ↑ Kjerulff KH, Langenberg P, Seidman JD, Stolley PD, Guzinski GM (July 1996). "Uterine leiomyomas. Racial differences in severity, symptoms and age at diagnosis". J Reprod Med. 41 (7): 483–90. PMID 8829060.
  38. ↑ Reddy SV, Medikonda SK, Konda A, Natta S (June 2014). "A rare benign odontogenic neoplasm: peripheral odontogenic fibroma". BMJ Case Rep. 2014. doi:10.1136/bcr-2013-201065. PMC 4069815. PMID 24920510.
  39. ↑ Baiju CS, Rohatgi S (July 2011). "Peripheral odontogenic fibroma: A case report and review". J Indian Soc Periodontol. 15 (3): 273–5. doi:10.4103/0972-124X.85674. PMC 3200026. PMID 22028517.
  40. ↑ Khot K, Deshmane S, Bagri-Manjrekar K, Khot P (2017). "Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma: A Rare Tumor mimicking a Gingival Reactive Lesion". Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 10 (1): 103–106. doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1416. PMC 5360813. PMID 28377665.

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