Sudden infant death syndrome laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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There are no diagnostic laboratory findings associated with [[sudden infant death syndrome]] ([[Sudden infant death syndrome|SIDS]]). | There are no diagnostic laboratory findings associated with [[sudden infant death syndrome]] ([[Sudden infant death syndrome|SIDS]]). | ||
* Laboratory findings that may be present in the patients of [[sudden infant death syndrome]] ([[Sudden infant death syndrome|SIDS]]) include:<ref name="pmid27721838">{{cite journal| author=Choi HJ, Kim YH| title=Apparent life-threatening event in infancy. | journal=Korean J Pediatr | year= 2016 | volume= 59 | issue= 9 | pages= 347-354 | pmid=27721838 | doi=10.3345/kjp.2016.59.9.347 | pmc=5052132 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27721838 }}</ref><ref name="pmid7721838">{{cite journal| author=Chang JY, Schindler P, Ramseier U, Lai PH| title=The disulfide folding pathway of human epidermal growth factor. | journal=J Biol Chem | year= 1995 | volume= 270 | issue= 16 | pages= 9207-16 | pmid=7721838 | doi=10.1074/jbc.270.16.9207 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7721838 }}</ref><ref name="pmid20051156">{{cite journal| author=Wijers MM, Semmekrot BA, de Beer HJ, Engelberts AC, Dutch Paediatric Association. Dutch Institute for Healthcare Improvement (CBO)| title=[Multidisciplinary guidelines for 'Apparent life threatening event' (ALTE)]. | journal=Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd | year= 2009 | volume= 153 | issue= | pages= A590 | pmid=20051156 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20051156 }}</ref><ref name="Kahn2004">{{cite journal|last1=Kahn|first1=Andr�|title=Recommended clinical evaluation of infants with an apparent life-threatening event. Consensus document of the European Society for the Study and Prevention of Infant Death, 2003|journal=European Journal of Pediatrics|volume=163|issue=2|year=2004|pages=108–115|issn=0340-6199|doi=10.1007/s00431-003-1365-x}}</ref><ref name="pmid24427501">{{cite journal| author=Kadivar M, Yaghmaie B, Allahverdi B, Shahbaznejad L, Razi N, Mosayebi Z| title=Apparent life-threatening events in neonatal period: clinical manifestations and diagnostic challenges in a pediatric referral center. | journal=Iran J Pediatr | year= 2013 | volume= 23 | issue= 4 | pages= 458-66 | pmid=24427501 | doi= | pmc=3883377 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24427501 }}</ref> | *Laboratory findings that may be present in the patients of [[sudden infant death syndrome]] ([[Sudden infant death syndrome|SIDS]]) include:<ref name="pmid27721838">{{cite journal| author=Choi HJ, Kim YH| title=Apparent life-threatening event in infancy. | journal=Korean J Pediatr | year= 2016 | volume= 59 | issue= 9 | pages= 347-354 | pmid=27721838 | doi=10.3345/kjp.2016.59.9.347 | pmc=5052132 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27721838 }}</ref><ref name="pmid7721838">{{cite journal| author=Chang JY, Schindler P, Ramseier U, Lai PH| title=The disulfide folding pathway of human epidermal growth factor. | journal=J Biol Chem | year= 1995 | volume= 270 | issue= 16 | pages= 9207-16 | pmid=7721838 | doi=10.1074/jbc.270.16.9207 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7721838 }}</ref><ref name="pmid20051156">{{cite journal| author=Wijers MM, Semmekrot BA, de Beer HJ, Engelberts AC, Dutch Paediatric Association. Dutch Institute for Healthcare Improvement (CBO)| title=[Multidisciplinary guidelines for 'Apparent life threatening event' (ALTE)]. | journal=Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd | year= 2009 | volume= 153 | issue= | pages= A590 | pmid=20051156 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20051156 }}</ref><ref name="Kahn2004">{{cite journal|last1=Kahn|first1=Andr�|title=Recommended clinical evaluation of infants with an apparent life-threatening event. Consensus document of the European Society for the Study and Prevention of Infant Death, 2003|journal=European Journal of Pediatrics|volume=163|issue=2|year=2004|pages=108–115|issn=0340-6199|doi=10.1007/s00431-003-1365-x}}</ref><ref name="pmid24427501">{{cite journal| author=Kadivar M, Yaghmaie B, Allahverdi B, Shahbaznejad L, Razi N, Mosayebi Z| title=Apparent life-threatening events in neonatal period: clinical manifestations and diagnostic challenges in a pediatric referral center. | journal=Iran J Pediatr | year= 2013 | volume= 23 | issue= 4 | pages= 458-66 | pmid=24427501 | doi= | pmc=3883377 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24427501 }}</ref> | ||
**'''[[Anemia]]''' if suspected, evaluate by doing [[complete blood count]] ([[Complete blood count|CBC]]) | **'''[[Anemia]]''' if suspected, evaluate by doing [[complete blood count]] ([[Complete blood count|CBC]]) | ||
**'''[[Infection]]''' if suspected, the following levels should be considered testing: | **'''[[Infection]]''' if suspected, the following levels should be considered testing: | ||
***[[Blood gas]] analysis (BGA) | ***[[Blood gas]] analysis (BGA) | ||
*** Blood [[Lactic acidosis|lactate level]] | ***Blood [[Lactic acidosis|lactate level]] | ||
***[[Blood glucose]] levels to evaluate [[Hypoglycemia|hypoglycaemia]] | ***[[Blood glucose]] levels to evaluate [[Hypoglycemia|hypoglycaemia]] | ||
***[[Liver enzymes]] | ***[[Liver enzymes]] | ||
***[[Lumbar puncture]] ([[Lumbar puncture|LP]]) | ***[[Lumbar puncture]] ([[Lumbar puncture|LP]]) | ||
***[[Cerebrospinal fluid]] analysis ([[CSF]]) | ***[[Cerebrospinal fluid]] analysis ([[CSF]]) | ||
*** Serum [[Electrolyte|electrolytes]] | ***Serum [[Electrolyte|electrolytes]] | ||
***[[Blood urea nitrogen|Blood urea]] | ***[[Blood urea nitrogen|Blood urea]] | ||
***[[Calcium]] levels | ***[[Calcium]] levels | ||
| Line 27: | Line 27: | ||
***[[Virology]] [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] | ***[[Virology]] [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] | ||
***[[Bacteria|Bacterial]] [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] | ***[[Bacteria|Bacterial]] [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] | ||
*Maternal biomarkers of SIDS risk include the following:<ref name="pmid24120489">{{cite journal| author=Schieving JH, de Vries M, van Vugt JM, Weemaes C, van Deuren M, Nicolai J | display-authors=etal| title=Alpha-fetoprotein, a fascinating protein and biomarker in neurology. | journal=Eur J Paediatr Neurol | year= 2014 | volume= 18 | issue= 3 | pages= 243-8 | pmid=24120489 | doi=10.1016/j.ejpn.2013.09.003 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24120489 }}</ref><ref name="pmid14668662">{{cite journal| author=Mizejewski GJ| title=Levels of alpha-fetoprotein during pregnancy and early infancy in normal and disease states. | journal=Obstet Gynecol Surv | year= 2003 | volume= 58 | issue= 12 | pages= 804-26 | pmid=14668662 | doi=10.1097/01.OGX.0000099770.97668.18 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14668662 }}</ref> | |||
**Alpha-fetoprotein which is increased in congenital anomalies like neural tube defects, omphalocele, gastroschisis, and fetal bowel obstructions. These conditions in turn increases the risk of SIDS. | |||
*Fetal biomarkers of SIDS risk include the following:<ref name="pmid14523213">{{cite journal| author=Bard H, Côté A, Praud JP, Infante-Rivard C, Gagnon C| title=Fetal hemoglobin synthesis determined by gamma-mRNA/gamma-mRNA + beta-mRNA quantitation in infants at risk for sudden infant death syndrome being monitored at home for apnea. | journal=Pediatrics | year= 2003 | volume= 112 | issue= 4 | pages= e285 | pmid=14523213 | doi=10.1542/peds.112.4.e285 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14523213 }}</ref> | |||
**Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 14:54, 4 May 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vamsikrishna Gunnam M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
There are no diagnostic laboratory findings associated with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Some patients with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) may have anemia and infection.
Laboratory Findings
There are no diagnostic laboratory findings associated with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
- Laboratory findings that may be present in the patients of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) include:[1][2][3][4][5]
- Anemia if suspected, evaluate by doing complete blood count (CBC)
- Infection if suspected, the following levels should be considered testing:
- Blood gas analysis (BGA)
- Blood lactate level
- Blood glucose levels to evaluate hypoglycaemia
- Liver enzymes
- Lumbar puncture (LP)
- Cerebrospinal fluid analysis (CSF)
- Serum electrolytes
- Blood urea
- Calcium levels
- Phosphate levels
- Urinalysis and culture
- Virology screening
- Bacterial screening
- Maternal biomarkers of SIDS risk include the following:[6][7]
- Alpha-fetoprotein which is increased in congenital anomalies like neural tube defects, omphalocele, gastroschisis, and fetal bowel obstructions. These conditions in turn increases the risk of SIDS.
- Fetal biomarkers of SIDS risk include the following:[8]
- Fetal hemoglobin (HbF)
References
- ↑ Choi HJ, Kim YH (2016). "Apparent life-threatening event in infancy". Korean J Pediatr. 59 (9): 347–354. doi:10.3345/kjp.2016.59.9.347. PMC 5052132. PMID 27721838.
- ↑ Chang JY, Schindler P, Ramseier U, Lai PH (1995). "The disulfide folding pathway of human epidermal growth factor". J Biol Chem. 270 (16): 9207–16. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.16.9207. PMID 7721838.
- ↑ Wijers MM, Semmekrot BA, de Beer HJ, Engelberts AC, Dutch Paediatric Association. Dutch Institute for Healthcare Improvement (CBO) (2009). "[Multidisciplinary guidelines for 'Apparent life threatening event' (ALTE)]". Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 153: A590. PMID 20051156.
- ↑ Kahn, Andr� (2004). "Recommended clinical evaluation of infants with an apparent life-threatening event. Consensus document of the European Society for the Study and Prevention of Infant Death, 2003". European Journal of Pediatrics. 163 (2): 108–115. doi:10.1007/s00431-003-1365-x. ISSN 0340-6199. replacement character in
|first1=at position 5 (help) - ↑ Kadivar M, Yaghmaie B, Allahverdi B, Shahbaznejad L, Razi N, Mosayebi Z (2013). "Apparent life-threatening events in neonatal period: clinical manifestations and diagnostic challenges in a pediatric referral center". Iran J Pediatr. 23 (4): 458–66. PMC 3883377. PMID 24427501.
- ↑ Schieving JH, de Vries M, van Vugt JM, Weemaes C, van Deuren M, Nicolai J; et al. (2014). "Alpha-fetoprotein, a fascinating protein and biomarker in neurology". Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 18 (3): 243–8. doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2013.09.003. PMID 24120489.
- ↑ Mizejewski GJ (2003). "Levels of alpha-fetoprotein during pregnancy and early infancy in normal and disease states". Obstet Gynecol Surv. 58 (12): 804–26. doi:10.1097/01.OGX.0000099770.97668.18. PMID 14668662.
- ↑ Bard H, Côté A, Praud JP, Infante-Rivard C, Gagnon C (2003). "Fetal hemoglobin synthesis determined by gamma-mRNA/gamma-mRNA + beta-mRNA quantitation in infants at risk for sudden infant death syndrome being monitored at home for apnea". Pediatrics. 112 (4): e285. doi:10.1542/peds.112.4.e285. PMID 14523213.