Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
There are no specific diagnostic laboratory findings associated with non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis. Tests are usually conducted to detect the underlying cause of NBTE and differentiate it from infective endocarditis;. | |||
There are no diagnostic laboratory findings associated with | |||
==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
There are no diagnostic laboratory findings associated with [ | *There are no specific [[diagnostic]] laboratory findings associated with [[non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis]]. | ||
*The following laboratory tests are usually conducted to detect the underlying cause of NBTE and differentiate it from [[infective endocarditis]]; | |||
===Hematological and coagulation studies === | |||
*[[Complete blood count|CBC]]: may show [[neutrophilia]] and [[anemia]] | |||
*[[Prothrombin time]], [[partial thromboplastin time]], [[fibrinogen]], [[thrombin time]], [[D-dimer|D-dimers]], and cross-linked [[Fibrin degradation product|fibrin degradation products]] (abnormal values may depict [[Disseminated intravascular coagulation|DIC]]). | |||
===Blood cultures=== | |||
*Multiple [[Blood culture|blood cultures]] (minimum to 3 blood cultures prior to antibiotic use) to rule out [[infective endocarditis]] and other infectious etiologies<ref name="urlLibman-Sacks Endocarditis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination">{{cite web |url=https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/155230-clinical |title=Libman-Sacks Endocarditis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>. | |||
===Immunological assays<ref name="pmid8608627">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hojnik M, George J, Ziporen L, Shoenfeld Y |title=Heart valve involvement (Libman-Sacks endocarditis) in the antiphospholipid syndrome |journal=Circulation |volume=93 |issue=8 |pages=1579–87 |date=April 1996 |pmid=8608627 |doi=10.1161/01.cir.93.8.1579 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15507284">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cervera R |title=Coronary and valvular syndromes and antiphospholipid antibodies |journal=Thromb. Res. |volume=114 |issue=5-6 |pages=501–7 |date=2004 |pmid=15507284 |doi=10.1016/j.thromres.2004.06.026 |url=}}</ref>=== | |||
[ | *[[Antinuclear antibodies]] ([[SLE]] [[Screening test|screening]]) | ||
*[[Anti-dsDNA antbodies|Anti-dsDNA antibodies]] ([[SLE]] [[Confirmatory factor analysis|confirmation]] and to [[Monitor role|monitor]] the progress of [[disease]] and [[lupus nephritis]]) | |||
* Anti-Smith [[antibodies]] | |||
*Anti-RNP | |||
*[[Antiphospholipid antibodies]] | |||
*[[Anticardiolipin antibodies]] ([[Association (statistics)|associated]] with an increased [[RiskMetrics|risk]] of [[cardiac]] [[abnormalities]]) | |||
*[ | *Anti-Ro/SSA | ||
*[ | *Anti-La/SSB | ||
*[[False-positive test result|False-positive]] [[serology]] in the form of [[Venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) test|VDRL]] is also common in [[SLE]] | |||
===Inflammatory markers=== | |||
The following inflammatory markers are often elevated | |||
*[[C-reactive protein]] | |||
*[[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate]] (ESR) | |||
===Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)=== | |||
*[[PCR]] is a rapid and reliable method to detect the culture-negative endocarditis by fastidious organisms<ref name="pmid15145855">{{cite journal |vauthors=Prendergast BD |title=Diagnostic criteria and problems in infective endocarditis |journal=Heart |volume=90 |issue=6 |pages=611–3 |date=June 2004 |pmid=15145855 |pmc=1768277 |doi=10.1136/hrt.2003.029850 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11669225">{{cite journal |vauthors=Millar B, Moore J, Mallon P, Xu J, Crowe M, Mcclurg R, Raoult D, Earle J, Hone R, Murphy P |title=Molecular diagnosis of infective endocarditis--a new Duke's criterion |journal=Scand. J. Infect. Dis. |volume=33 |issue=9 |pages=673–80 |date=2001 |pmid=11669225 |doi=10.1080/00365540110026764 |url=}}</ref>. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 21:52, 22 August 2020
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non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis |
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Differentiating non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis from other Diseases |
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Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis laboratory findings On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aisha Adigun, B.Sc., M.D.[2]
Overview
There are no specific diagnostic laboratory findings associated with non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis. Tests are usually conducted to detect the underlying cause of NBTE and differentiate it from infective endocarditis;.
Laboratory Findings
- There are no specific diagnostic laboratory findings associated with non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis.
- The following laboratory tests are usually conducted to detect the underlying cause of NBTE and differentiate it from infective endocarditis;
Hematological and coagulation studies
- CBC: may show neutrophilia and anemia
- Prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, thrombin time, D-dimers, and cross-linked fibrin degradation products (abnormal values may depict DIC).
Blood cultures
- Multiple blood cultures (minimum to 3 blood cultures prior to antibiotic use) to rule out infective endocarditis and other infectious etiologies[1].
Immunological assays[2][3]
- Antinuclear antibodies (SLE screening)
- Anti-dsDNA antibodies (SLE confirmation and to monitor the progress of disease and lupus nephritis)
- Anti-Smith antibodies
- Anti-RNP
- Antiphospholipid antibodies
- Anticardiolipin antibodies (associated with an increased risk of cardiac abnormalities)
- Anti-Ro/SSA
- Anti-La/SSB
- False-positive serology in the form of VDRL is also common in SLE
Inflammatory markers
The following inflammatory markers are often elevated
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
- PCR is a rapid and reliable method to detect the culture-negative endocarditis by fastidious organisms[4][5].
References
- ↑ "Libman-Sacks Endocarditis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination".
- ↑ Hojnik M, George J, Ziporen L, Shoenfeld Y (April 1996). "Heart valve involvement (Libman-Sacks endocarditis) in the antiphospholipid syndrome". Circulation. 93 (8): 1579–87. doi:10.1161/01.cir.93.8.1579. PMID 8608627.
- ↑ Cervera R (2004). "Coronary and valvular syndromes and antiphospholipid antibodies". Thromb. Res. 114 (5–6): 501–7. doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2004.06.026. PMID 15507284.
- ↑ Prendergast BD (June 2004). "Diagnostic criteria and problems in infective endocarditis". Heart. 90 (6): 611–3. doi:10.1136/hrt.2003.029850. PMC 1768277. PMID 15145855.
- ↑ Millar B, Moore J, Mallon P, Xu J, Crowe M, Mcclurg R, Raoult D, Earle J, Hone R, Murphy P (2001). "Molecular diagnosis of infective endocarditis--a new Duke's criterion". Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 33 (9): 673–80. doi:10.1080/00365540110026764. PMID 11669225.