Mental retardation epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
The [[prevalence]] of intellectual disability has remained [[stable]] over the years. It is noted that it occurs more in [[males]] and there is no [[racial]] predilection when it comes to the [[prevalence]] of this condition.


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
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===Age===
===Age===
*Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name].
The prevalence of intellectual disability was lower among younger children than older children: 0.73% among children aged 3–7 years, 1.45% among children aged 8–12 years, and 1.40% among children aged 13–17 years. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db291.htm |title=Products - Data Briefs - Number 291 - November 2017 |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
*The incidence of [disease name] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is [#] years.
*[Disease name] commonly affects individuals younger than/older than [number of years] years of age.  
*[Chronic disease name] is usually first diagnosed among [age group].
*[Acute disease name] commonly affects [age group].


===Race===
===Race===
*There is no racial predilection to [disease name].
The prevalence of children diagnosed with intellectual disability did not differ significantly by race and Hispanic ethnicity. The difference in the prevalence of intellectual disability between non-Hispanic black children (1.53%) and non-Hispanic other children (0.86%) was not statistically significant (p = 0.21). <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db291.htm |title=Products - Data Briefs - Number 291 - November 2017 |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
*[Disease name] usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race. [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].
 
===Gender===
===Gender===
*[Disease name] affects men and women equally.
[[Males]] are more likely to have a [[mental disability]] with a ratio of 2:1. During 2014–2016, the prevalence of children ever diagnosed with intellectual disability was 1.48% among boys and 0.90% among girls. <ref>{{cite journal|title=Neurodevelopmental Disorders|year=2013|doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01}}</ref> <ref name="MaulikMascarenhas2011">{{cite journal|last1=Maulik|first1=Pallab K.|last2=Mascarenhas|first2=Maya N.|last3=Mathers|first3=Colin D.|last4=Dua|first4=Tarun|last5=Saxena|first5=Shekhar|title=Prevalence of intellectual disability: A meta-analysis of population-based studies|journal=Research in Developmental Disabilities|volume=32|issue=2|year=2011|pages=419–436|issn=08914222|doi=10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.018}}</ref>  <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db291.htm |title=Products - Data Briefs - Number 291 - November 2017 |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
*[Gender 1] are more commonly affected by [disease name] than [gender 2]. The [gender 1] to [gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.
 
===Region===
*The majority of [disease name] cases are reported in [geographical region].
 
*[Disease name] is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].


===Developed Countries===
===Developed Countries===
In the United States, individuals with a [[severe]] [[intellectual disability]] are at 0.3-0.5% and 9.21 per 1000 people in [[developed countries]]. <ref>{{cite journal|title=Neurodevelopmental Disorders|year=2013|doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01}}</ref> <ref name="MaulikMascarenhas2011">{{cite journal|last1=Maulik|first1=Pallab K.|last2=Mascarenhas|first2=Maya N.|last3=Mathers|first3=Colin D.|last4=Dua|first4=Tarun|last5=Saxena|first5=Shekhar|title=Prevalence of intellectual disability: A meta-analysis of population-based studies|journal=Research in Developmental Disabilities|volume=32|issue=2|year=2011|pages=419–436|issn=08914222|doi=10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.018}}</ref>


===Developing Countries===
===Developing Countries===
Prevalence is at 16.41 per 1000 people in [[developing countries]]. <ref>{{cite journal|title=Neurodevelopmental Disorders|year=2013|doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01}}</ref> <ref name="MaulikMascarenhas2011">{{cite journal|last1=Maulik|first1=Pallab K.|last2=Mascarenhas|first2=Maya N.|last3=Mathers|first3=Colin D.|last4=Dua|first4=Tarun|last5=Saxena|first5=Shekhar|title=Prevalence of intellectual disability: A meta-analysis of population-based studies|journal=Research in Developmental Disabilities|volume=32|issue=2|year=2011|pages=419–436|issn=08914222|doi=10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.018}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 03:10, 20 July 2021

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chelsea Mae Nobleza, M.D.[2] Kiran Singh, M.D. [3]

Overview

The prevalence of intellectual disability has remained stable over the years. It is noted that it occurs more in males and there is no racial predilection when it comes to the prevalence of this condition.

Epidemiology and Demographics

The prevalence is 1% in the general population, with 6 per 1000 persons having a severe mental disability. During 2014–2016, the prevalence of children ever diagnosed with any developmental disability significantly increased, from 5.76% in 2014 to 6.99% in 2016 while the prevalence of children ever diagnosed with intellectual disability did not significantly change from 2014 to 2016. [1]

Age

The prevalence of intellectual disability was lower among younger children than older children: 0.73% among children aged 3–7 years, 1.45% among children aged 8–12 years, and 1.40% among children aged 13–17 years. [2]

Race

The prevalence of children diagnosed with intellectual disability did not differ significantly by race and Hispanic ethnicity. The difference in the prevalence of intellectual disability between non-Hispanic black children (1.53%) and non-Hispanic other children (0.86%) was not statistically significant (p = 0.21). [3]

Gender

Males are more likely to have a mental disability with a ratio of 2:1. During 2014–2016, the prevalence of children ever diagnosed with intellectual disability was 1.48% among boys and 0.90% among girls. [4] [5] [6]

Developed Countries

In the United States, individuals with a severe intellectual disability are at 0.3-0.5% and 9.21 per 1000 people in developed countries. [7] [5]

Developing Countries

Prevalence is at 16.41 per 1000 people in developing countries. [8] [5]

References

  1. ↑ "Products - Data Briefs - Number 291 - November 2017".
  2. ↑ "Products - Data Briefs - Number 291 - November 2017".
  3. ↑ "Products - Data Briefs - Number 291 - November 2017".
  4. ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Maulik, Pallab K.; Mascarenhas, Maya N.; Mathers, Colin D.; Dua, Tarun; Saxena, Shekhar (2011). "Prevalence of intellectual disability: A meta-analysis of population-based studies". Research in Developmental Disabilities. 32 (2): 419–436. doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.018. ISSN 0891-4222.
  6. ↑ "Products - Data Briefs - Number 291 - November 2017".
  7. ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
  8. ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
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