Lupus nephritis: Difference between revisions

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	Lupus nephritis;
	Type IV lupus nephritis: The classic "flea-bitten" appearance of the cortical surface in the diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritides. (Courtesy of Ed Uthman, MD)]]

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Latest revision as of 20:36, 19 July 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D.[2] Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS [3]; Aida Javanbakht, M.D.Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [4]

Synonyms and keywords: Nephritis - lupus; lupus glomerular disease

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Lupus nephritis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Case Studies

Case #1

Template:Nephrology

Template:WikiDoc Sources

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
+__NOTOC__
 {{Infobox_Disease |
    Name           = Lupus nephritis |
    Image          = dpgn.jpg|
-   Caption        = Type IV lupus nephritis: The classic "flea-bitten" appearance of the cortical surface in the diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritides. (Courtesy of Ed Uthman, MD)]]|
+   Caption        = <nowiki>Type IV lupus nephritis: The classic "flea-bitten" appearance of the cortical surface in the diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritides. (Courtesy of Ed Uthman, MD)]]</nowiki>|
-  DiseasesDB     = |
-  ICD10          = {{ICD10|N|08|5|n|00}} |
-  ICD9           = {{ICD9|583.81}} |
-  ICDO           = |
-  OMIM           = |
-  MedlinePlus    = 000481 |
-  eMedicineSubj  = med |
-  eMedicineTopic = 1597 |
-  MeshID         = D008181 |
 }}
-{{Search infobox}}
+{{Lupus nephritis}}
-{{CMG}}
+'''For patient information, click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}}[[User:Okamal|Omer Kamal, M.D.]][mailto:okamal@bidmc.harvard.edu <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>] {{CZ}}; [[User:Ujjwal Rastogi|Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS]] [mailto:urastogi@perfuse.org]; {{AIDA}}{{RT}}''' '''
+{{SK}} Nephritis - lupus; lupus glomerular disease
+== [[Lupus nephritis overview|Overview]] ==
+== [[Lupus nephritis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]] ==
-'''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}  [[User:Ujjwal Rastogi|Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS]] [mailto:urastogi@perfuse.org]
+== [[Lupus nephritis classification|Classification]] ==
-==Overview==
+== [[Lupus nephritis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]] ==
-'''Lupus nephritis''' is an inflammation of the kidney caused by [[systemic lupus erythematosus]] (SLE), a disease of the [[immune system]]. Apart from the kidneys, SLE can also damage the [[skin]], joints, [[nervous system]] and virtually any organ or system in the body.
-==Signs and symptoms==
+== [[Lupus nephritis causes|Causes]] ==
-Sufferers of lupus nephritis may or may not have symptoms of [[kidney disease]], but it can manifest itself through weight gain, [[hypertension|high blood pressure]], darker foamy [[urine]] or [[edema|swelling]] around the eyes, legs, ankles or fingers.
-Furthermore, patients may suffer from other symptoms of lupus unrelated to kidney function.  Such symptoms can include [[arthritis]], [[fevers]], gastro-intenstinal disturbances, [[headaches]], [[fatigue (physical)|fatigue]], and fluid in the joints.
+== [[Differentiating lupus nephritis from other diseases|Differentiating Lupus nephritis from other Diseases]] ==
-==Diagnosis==
+== [[Lupus nephritis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]] ==
-The diagnosis of lupus nephritis depends on [[blood]] tests, [[urinalysis]], X-rays, [[ultrasound]] scans of the kidneys, and a kidney [[biopsy]].  The World Health Organization has divided lupus nephritis into five classes based on the biopsy.
-*Class I is histologically normal and does not show any evidence of disease.
-*Class II is based on a finding of mesangial lupus nephritis. This form typically responds completely to treatment with [[corticosteroids]].
-*Class III is focal proliferative nephritis and often successfully responds to treatment with high doses of corticosteroids.
-*Class IV is diffuse proliferative nephritis. This form is mainly treated with corticosteroids and immunosuppressant drugs.
-*Class V is membranous nephritis and is characterized by extreme edema and protein loss.
-*Class VI Glomerulosclerosis
-Medicines which decrease swelling, lower blood pressure and decrease inflammation by suppressing the immune system. Patients may need to monitor intake of protein, sodium, and potassium. Patients with severe disease should restrict their sodium intake to 2 grams per day and limit fluid as well. Depending on the histology, renal function and degree of proteinuria, patients may require steroid therapy or chemotherapy regimens such as cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil or cyclosporine.
-The medical therapy for lupus nephritis depends on the severity of the disease. For mild disease, corticosteroids are generally prescribed. More severe disease requires treatment with immunosuppressant agents. The two most commonly used agents are [[mycophenolate mofetil]] and intravenous [[cyclophosphamide]]. One recent study compared these two drugs.<ref name="Ginzler">Ginzler EM, Dooley MA, Aranow C, Kim MY, et al. "Mycophenolate Mofetil or Intravenous Cyclophosphamide for Lupus Nephritis." New England Journal of Medicine. 353:21. 2219-2229. 24 November 2005.</ref> The authors showed that patients with Class III or IV disease are more likely to benefit from [[mycophenolate mofetil]] as compared to [[cyclophosphamide]]. As a result, mycophenolate mofetil is now considered to be the first-line therapy for this disease.
+== [[Lupus nephritis risk factors|Risk Factors]] ==
+==[[Lupus nephritis screening|Screening]]==
-==References==
+== [[Lupus nephritis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]] ==
-{{Reflist}}
-==External links==
+== Diagnosis ==
-*[http://www.lupusclinicalstudy.com/ Lupus Nephritis Clinical Research Study]
+[[Diagnostic criteria]] | [[Lupus nephritis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Lupus nephritis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Lupus nephritis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Lupus nephritis chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Lupus nephritis CT|CT]] | [[Lupus nephritis MRI|MRI]] | [[Lupus nephritis echocardiography or ultrasound|Echocardiography or Ultrasound]] | [[Lupus nephritis other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Lupus nephritis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
-*[http://www.londonlupuscentre.co.uk/ London Lupus Centre - Treatment, Diagnosis, Research]
-*[http://www.lupus.org/ Lupus Foundation of America, Inc.]
+== Treatment ==
-*[http://www.lupusresearchinstitute.org/ Lupus Research Institute]
-*[http://www.lupusny.org/ S.L.E. Lupus Foundation]
+[[Lupus nephritis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Lupus nephritis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Lupus nephritis primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Lupus nephritis secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Lupus nephritis cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Lupus nephritis future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
-*[http://www.lupusinternational.com/ Lupus International]
+==Case Studies==
+[[Lupus nephritis case study one|Case #1]]
 {{Nephrology}}
-{{SIB}}
-[[Category:Rheumatology]]
+[[Category:Disease]]
-[[Category:Kidney diseases]]
 [[Category:Nephrology]]
+[[Category:Autoimmune diseases]]
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Lupus nephritis
Type IV lupus nephritis: The classic "flea-bitten" appearance of the cortical surface in the diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritides. (Courtesy of Ed Uthman, MD)]]

Lupus nephritis: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 20:36, 19 July 2018

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