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{{DiseaseDisorder infobox |
__NOTOC__
  Name        = {{Pancoast tumor}} |
 
  ICD10      = {{ICD10|C|34|1|c|30}} |
  ICD9        = {{ICD9|162.3}} |
}}
{{Pancoast tumor}}
{{Pancoast tumor}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}{{AE}}{{Mazia}}
 
{{SK}}: superior sulcus tumor, Pancoast's apex syndrome, Pancoast's disease, Pancoast's pain syndrome, malignant neoplasm.
 
==[[Pancoast tumor overview|Overview]]==
 
==[[Pancoast tumor historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
 
==[[Pancoast tumor classification|Classification]]==
 
==[[Pancoast tumor pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


==Overview==
==[[Pancoast tumor causes|Causes]]==
A '''pancoast tumor''', also '''pancoast tumour''' (UK) or '''superior sulcus tumor''', is a [[lung cancer|tumor]] of the [[lung|pulmonary]] apex i.e. a type of lung cancer defined primarily by its location situated at the top end of either the right or left lung.
The growing tumor can cause compression of a brachiocephalic vein, subclavian artery, phrenic nerve, recurrent laryngeal nerve, or, characteristically, compression of a [[sympathetic nervous system|sympathetic]] [[ganglion]] resulting in a range of symptoms known as [[Horner's syndrome]].


Pancoast tumors are named for [[Henry Pancoast]], a US [[radiologist]], who described them in 1924 and 1932.
==[[Pancoast tumor differential diagnosis|Differentiating Pancoast Tumor from other Diseases]]==


==Symptoms==
==[[Pancoast tumor epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
Symptoms can include [[miosis]] (constriction of the pupils), [[anhidrosis]] (lack of sweating), ptosis (drooping of the eyelid), and in severe cases, a complete [[Horner's syndrome]]. In progressive cases, the [[brachial plexus]] is also affected, causing [[Pain and nociception|pain]] and [[weakness]] in the muscles of the [[arm]] and [[hand]].


In [[superior vena cava syndrome]], obstruction of the [[superior vena cava]] by a tumor (mass effect) causes facial swelling, [[cyanosis]] and dilatation of the veins of the head and neck.
==[[Pancoast tumor risk factors|Risk Factors]]==


A pancoast tumor is an apical tumor that is typically found in conjunction with a smoking history. The clinical signs and symptoms can be confused with neurovascular compromise at the level of the thoracic outlet. The patient's smoking history, rapid onset of clinical signs and symptoms, and pleuritic pain can suggest an apical tumor.
==[[Pancoast tumor screening|Screening]]==
 
==[[Pancoast tumor natural history|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
 
==Diagnosis==
 
[[Pancoast tumor diagnostic study of choice|Diagnostic Study of Choice]] | [[Pancoast tumor history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Pancoast tumor physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Pancoast tumor laboratory tests|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Pancoast tumor electrocardiogram | Electrocardiogram]] | [[Pancoast tumor chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Pancoast tumor CT|CT]] | [[Pancoast tumor MRI|MRI]] | [[Pancoast tumor echocardiography or ultrasound|Echocardiography or Ultrasound]] | [[Pancoast tumor imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Pancoast tumor other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]


==Treatment==
==Treatment==


The treatment of a Pancoast lung cancer may differ to that of other types of non-small cell lung cancer due to its position and close proximity to vital structures (such as nerves and spine) which may make surgery difficult to be undertaken.  As a result, and depending on the stage of the cancer, treatment may often involve radiation and chemotherapy given pre-operatively (neoadjuvant treatment) prior to surgery.
[[Pancoast tumor medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Pancoast tumor surgery|Surgery]] | [[Pancoast tumor primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Pancoast tumor secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Pancoast tumor cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Pancoast tumor future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]


==External links==
==Case Studies==
* {{eMedicine|radio|515|Pancoast Tumor}}
[[Pancoast tumor case study one|Case #1]]
* [http://meded.ucsd.edu/isp/1994/im-quiz/pancoast.htm UCSD-Xray]


{{SIB}}
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}


[[Category:Diseaase]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Lung Cancer]]


[[de:Pancoast-Tumor]]
{{WH}}
[[fr:Syndrome de Pancoast-Tobias]]
{{WS}}
[[pl:Guz Pancoasta]]
[[pt:Tumor de Pancoast]]
 
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Latest revision as of 20:49, 26 March 2018



Pancoast tumor Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Pancoast tumor from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mazia Fatima, MBBS [2]

Synonyms and keywords:: superior sulcus tumor, Pancoast's apex syndrome, Pancoast's disease, Pancoast's pain syndrome, malignant neoplasm.

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Pancoast Tumor from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | Chest X Ray | CT | MRI | Echocardiography or Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

References

Template:WH Template:WS