Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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{{Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Sara.Zand}} {{CZ}}
==Overview==
The [[prevalence]] of [[ WPW syndrome]] is approximately 100-300 per 100000 individuals worldwide. The [[incidence]] of [[tachyarrhythmia]] was estimated to be 1000 cases per 100000 individuals in the year in patients with [[WPW ]] pattern. The [[incidence]] of [[sudden cardiac death]] in patients with [[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]] was estimated to be 70-450 per 100000 patient-years. [[WPW]] syndrome is more commonly observed among young patients. In one study [[ WPW syndrome]] was observed in 7% of individuals over 60-year-old. [[Men]] are more commonly affected with [[WPW syndrome]] than [[women]]. The [[men]] to [[women]] ratio is approximately 2 to 1. There is no racial predilection for [[WPW syndrome]].
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
* The [[prevalence]] of [[ WPW syndrome]] is approximately 100-300 per 100000 individuals worldwide.<ref name="pmid22579340">{{cite journal| author=Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF). American Heart Association (AHA). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS) et al.| title=PACES/HRS expert consensus statement on the management of the asymptomatic young patient with a Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW, ventricular preexcitation) electrocardiographic pattern: developed in partnership between the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of PACES, HRS, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF), the American Heart Association (AHA), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS). | journal=Heart Rhythm | year= 2012 | volume= 9 | issue= 6 | pages= 1006-24 | pmid=22579340 | doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.03.050 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22579340  }} </ref>
* The [[ Prevalence]] of [[WPW syndrome]] in the first relative of patients is approximately  500-600 per 100000 individuals worldwide.<ref name="pmid22579340">{{cite journal| author=Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF). American Heart Association (AHA). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS) et al.| title=PACES/HRS expert consensus statement on the management of the asymptomatic young patient with a Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW, ventricular preexcitation) electrocardiographic pattern: developed in partnership between the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of PACES, HRS, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF), the American Heart Association (AHA), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS). | journal=Heart Rhythm | year= 2012 | volume= 9 | issue= 6 | pages= 1006-24 | pmid=22579340 | doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.03.050 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22579340  }} </ref>   
* The [[incidence]] of [[tachyarrhythmia]] was estimated to be 1000 cases per 100000 individuals in year in patients with [[WPW ]] pattern.<ref name="Fitzsimmons-2001">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Fitzsimmons | first1 = PJ. | last2 = McWhirter | first2 = PD. | last3 = Peterson | first3 = DW. | last4 = Kruyer | first4 = WB. | title = The natural history of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in 228 military aviators: a long-term follow-up of 22 years. | journal = Am Heart J | volume = 142 | issue = 3 | pages = 530-6 | month = Sep | year = 2001 | doi = 10.1067/mhj.2001.117779 | PMID = 11526369 }}</ref>
* The [[incidence]] of [[sudden cardiac death]] in patients with [[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]] was estimated to be 70-450 per 100000 patient-years.<ref name="pmid22579340">{{cite journal| author=Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF). American Heart Association (AHA). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS) et al.| title=PACES/HRS expert consensus statement on the management of the asymptomatic young patient with a Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW, ventricular preexcitation) electrocardiographic pattern: developed in partnership between the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of PACES, HRS, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF), the American Heart Association (AHA), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS). | journal=Heart Rhythm | year= 2012 | volume= 9 | issue= 6 | pages= 1006-24 | pmid=22579340 | doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.03.050 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22579340  }} </ref><ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Obeyesekere | first1 = MN. | last2 = Leong-Sit | first2 = P. | last3 = Massel | first3 = D. | last4 = Manlucu | first4 = J. | last5 = Modi | first5 = S. | last6 = Krahn | first6 = AD. | last7 = Skanes | first7 = AC. | last8 = Yee | first8 = R. | last9 = Gula | first9 = LJ. | title = Risk of arrhythmia and sudden death in patients with asymptomatic preexcitation: a meta-analysis. | journal = Circulation | volume = 125 | issue = 19 | pages = 2308-15 | month = May | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.055350 | PMID = 22532593 }}</ref><ref name="pmid22532593">{{cite journal| author=Obeyesekere MN, Leong-Sit P, Massel D, Manlucu J, Modi S, Krahn AD et al.| title=Risk of arrhythmia and sudden death in patients with asymptomatic preexcitation: a meta-analysis. | journal=Circulation | year= 2012 | volume= 125 | issue= 19 | pages= 2308-15 | pmid=22532593 | doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.055350 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22532593  }} </ref>
* [[WPW]] syndrome is more commonly observed among young patients. In one study [[ WPW syndrome]] was observed in 7% individuals over 60-year-old.<ref name="Brembilla-PerrotYangni N’Da2008">{{cite journal|last1=Brembilla-Perrot|first1=B.|last2=Yangni N’Da|first2=O.|last3=Huttin|first3=O.|last4=Chometon|first4=F.|last5=Groben|first5=L.|last6=Christophe|first6=C.|last7=Benzaghou|first7=N.|last8=Luporsi|first8=J.D.|last9=Tatar|first9=C.|last10=Bertrand|first10=J.|last11=Ammar|first11=S.|last12=Cedano|first12=G.|last13=Zhang|first13=N.|last14=Beurrier|first14=D.|title=Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in the elderly: clinical and electrophysiological findings|journal=Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases|volume=101|issue=1|year=2008|pages=18–22|issn=18752136|doi=10.1016/S1875-2136(08)70250-X}}</ref>
* [[Men]] are more commonly affected with [[WPW syndrome]] than [[women]].
* The [[men]] to [[women]] ratio is approximately 2 to 1.<ref>{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = http://www.cardiology.sk/casopis/606/pdf/04.pdf | url = http://www.cardiology.sk/casopis/606/pdf/04.pdf | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = 11 April 2014 }}</ref>
* There is no racial predilection for [[WPW]] syndrome.




{{Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome}}
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}
==Overview==
* Somewhere between 0.1 and 3 per 1000 EKGs.
* May be underdiagnosed given the presence of left sided APs which may be silent during NSR.
* The incidence of tachyarrhythmias in patients with WPW has been estimated to be somewhere between 12% and 80%.
* WPW may be the most prevalent cause of paroxysmal regular [[supraventricular tachycardia]] One series found that 57% of patients c psvt were subsequently found to have [[WPW syndrome]] on the resting NSR EKG. If the attack occurs before the age of 21, then 73% of the patients had WPW. In patients > 21 years old, then [[WPW syndrome]] was found in 48% of patients with PSVT. (Wellens et al 1981).


* Estimated prevalence of WPW syndrome is 1 - 3 per 1000 people in the entire world.<ref name="pmid22579340">{{cite journal| author=Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF). American Heart Association (AHA). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS) et al.| title=PACES/HRS expert consensus statement on the management of the asymptomatic young patient with a Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW, ventricular preexcitation) electrocardiographic pattern: developed in partnership between the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of PACES, HRS, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF), the American Heart Association (AHA), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS). | journal=Heart Rhythm | year= 2012 | volume= 9 | issue= 6 | pages= 1006-24 | pmid=22579340 | doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.03.050 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22579340  }} </ref>
* Prevalence increases in first degree relatives in which it can get as high as 5-6 per 1000 people.<ref name="pmid22579340">{{cite journal| author=Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF). American Heart Association (AHA). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS) et al.| title=PACES/HRS expert consensus statement on the management of the asymptomatic young patient with a Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW, ventricular preexcitation) electrocardiographic pattern: developed in partnership between the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of PACES, HRS, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF), the American Heart Association (AHA), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS). | journal=Heart Rhythm | year= 2012 | volume= 9 | issue= 6 | pages= 1006-24 | pmid=22579340 | doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.03.050 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22579340  }} </ref>
* The incidence of tachyarrhythmias is not well established in patients who present WPW pattern. It has been reported that the incidence of tachyarrhytmias is approximately 1% per year in patients with WPW pattern.<ref name="Fitzsimmons-2001">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Fitzsimmons | first1 = PJ. | last2 = McWhirter | first2 = PD. | last3 = Peterson | first3 = DW. | last4 = Kruyer | first4 = WB. | title = The natural history of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in 228 military aviators: a long-term follow-up of 22 years. | journal = Am Heart J | volume = 142 | issue = 3 | pages = 530-6 | month = Sep | year = 2001 | doi = 10.1067/mhj.2001.117779 | PMID = 11526369 }}</ref>
* The incidence of sudden cardiac death in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern is not high.  A serious of studies have been performed and found a that this events appear in a range of 0.7 tp 4.5 per 1000 patient-years.<ref name="pmid22579340">{{cite journal| author=Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF). American Heart Association (AHA). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS) et al.| title=PACES/HRS expert consensus statement on the management of the asymptomatic young patient with a Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW, ventricular preexcitation) electrocardiographic pattern: developed in partnership between the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of PACES, HRS, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF), the American Heart Association (AHA), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS). | journal=Heart Rhythm | year= 2012 | volume= 9 | issue= 6 | pages= 1006-24 | pmid=22579340 | doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.03.050 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22579340  }} </ref><ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Obeyesekere | first1 = MN. | last2 = Leong-Sit | first2 = P. | last3 = Massel | first3 = D. | last4 = Manlucu | first4 = J. | last5 = Modi | first5 = S. | last6 = Krahn | first6 = AD. | last7 = Skanes | first7 = AC. | last8 = Yee | first8 = R. | last9 = Gula | first9 = LJ. | title = Risk of arrhythmia and sudden death in patients with asymptomatic preexcitation: a meta-analysis. | journal = Circulation | volume = 125 | issue = 19 | pages = 2308-15 | month = May | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.055350 | PMID = 22532593 }}</ref><ref name="pmid22532593">{{cite journal| author=Obeyesekere MN, Leong-Sit P, Massel D, Manlucu J, Modi S, Krahn AD et al.| title=Risk of arrhythmia and sudden death in patients with asymptomatic preexcitation: a meta-analysis. | journal=Circulation | year= 2012 | volume= 125 | issue= 19 | pages= 2308-15 | pmid=22532593 | doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.055350 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22532593  }} </ref>
* Incidence of WPW is higher in men than in women in a ratio of approximately 2:1.  Also, [[atrial fibrillation]] and [[ventricular fibrillation]] are more common in men than in women with WPW.<ref>{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = http://www.cardiology.sk/casopis/606/pdf/04.pdf | url = http://www.cardiology.sk/casopis/606/pdf/04.pdf | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = 11 April 2014 }}</ref>
* Incidence of Orthodromic AVRT is more common in women than in men.<ref>{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = http://www.cardiology.sk/casopis/606/pdf/04.pdf | url = http://www.cardiology.sk/casopis/606/pdf/04.pdf | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = 11 April 2014 }}</ref>
* The presentation of symptoms in patients without heart structural abnormalities has been found to be age dependent.<ref name="pmid22579340">{{cite journal| author=Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF). American Heart Association (AHA). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS) et al.| title=PACES/HRS expert consensus statement on the management of the asymptomatic young patient with a Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW, ventricular preexcitation) electrocardiographic pattern: developed in partnership between the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of PACES, HRS, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF), the American Heart Association (AHA), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS). | journal=Heart Rhythm | year= 2012 | volume= 9 | issue= 6 | pages= 1006-24 | pmid=22579340 | doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.03.050 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22579340  }} </ref>
* The frequency of [[Supraventricular tachycardias]] (SVT) usually decrease during the first year in more than 90% of the patients.<ref name="pmid22579340">{{cite journal| author=Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF). American Heart Association (AHA). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS) et al.| title=PACES/HRS expert consensus statement on the management of the asymptomatic young patient with a Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW, ventricular preexcitation) electrocardiographic pattern: developed in partnership between the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of PACES, HRS, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF), the American Heart Association (AHA), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS). | journal=Heart Rhythm | year= 2012 | volume= 9 | issue= 6 | pages= 1006-24 | pmid=22579340 | doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.03.050 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22579340  }} </ref>
* In 30% of the patients, tachycardias recur during childhood at a mean age of 7 to 8 years of age.<ref name="pmid22579340">{{cite journal| author=Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF). American Heart Association (AHA). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS) et al.| title=PACES/HRS expert consensus statement on the management of the asymptomatic young patient with a Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW, ventricular preexcitation) electrocardiographic pattern: developed in partnership between the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of PACES, HRS, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF), the American Heart Association (AHA), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS). | journal=Heart Rhythm | year= 2012 | volume= 9 | issue= 6 | pages= 1006-24 | pmid=22579340 | doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.03.050 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22579340  }} </ref>
* When patients with WPW present persistent symptomatic tachycardias over 5 years of age, they usually continue presenting [[SVT]] episodes for more than a decade later in 75% of the cases.<ref name="pmid22579340">{{cite journal| author=Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF). American Heart Association (AHA). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS) et al.| title=PACES/HRS expert consensus statement on the management of the asymptomatic young patient with a Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW, ventricular preexcitation) electrocardiographic pattern: developed in partnership between the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of PACES, HRS, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF), the American Heart Association (AHA), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS). | journal=Heart Rhythm | year= 2012 | volume= 9 | issue= 6 | pages= 1006-24 | pmid=22579340 | doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.03.050 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22579340  }} </ref>
* The occurrence of [[atrial fibrillation]] in patients with WPW ha been estimated in between 10% to 30%.<ref name="Campbell-1977">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Campbell | first1 = RW. | last2 = Smith | first2 = RA. | last3 = Gallagher | first3 = JJ. | last4 = Pritchett | first4 = EL. | last5 = Wallace | first5 = AG. | title = Atrial fibrillation in the preexcitation syndrome. | journal = Am J Cardiol | volume = 40 | issue = 4 | pages = 514-20 | month = Oct | year = 1977 | doi =  | PMID = 910715 }}</ref><ref name="Sharma-1985">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Sharma | first1 = AD. | last2 = Klein | first2 = GJ. | last3 = Guiraudon | first3 = GM. | last4 = Milstein | first4 = S. | title = Atrial fibrillation in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: incidence after surgical ablation of the accessory pathway. | journal = Circulation | volume = 72 | issue = 1 | pages = 161-9 | month = Jul | year = 1985 | doi =  | PMID = 4006127 }}</ref>
* There is no racial predilection for [[WPW]] syndrome.


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Disease]]
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Latest revision as of 19:58, 9 November 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Zand, M.D.[2] Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]

Overview

The prevalence of WPW syndrome is approximately 100-300 per 100000 individuals worldwide. The incidence of tachyarrhythmia was estimated to be 1000 cases per 100000 individuals in the year in patients with WPW pattern. The incidence of sudden cardiac death in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome was estimated to be 70-450 per 100000 patient-years. WPW syndrome is more commonly observed among young patients. In one study WPW syndrome was observed in 7% of individuals over 60-year-old. Men are more commonly affected with WPW syndrome than women. The men to women ratio is approximately 2 to 1. There is no racial predilection for WPW syndrome.

Epidemiology and Demographics











  • Estimated prevalence of WPW syndrome is 1 - 3 per 1000 people in the entire world.[1]
  • Prevalence increases in first degree relatives in which it can get as high as 5-6 per 1000 people.[1]
  • The incidence of tachyarrhythmias is not well established in patients who present WPW pattern. It has been reported that the incidence of tachyarrhytmias is approximately 1% per year in patients with WPW pattern.[2]
  • The incidence of sudden cardiac death in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern is not high. A serious of studies have been performed and found a that this events appear in a range of 0.7 tp 4.5 per 1000 patient-years.[1][7][4]
  • Incidence of WPW is higher in men than in women in a ratio of approximately 2:1. Also, atrial fibrillation and ventricular fibrillation are more common in men than in women with WPW.[8]
  • Incidence of Orthodromic AVRT is more common in women than in men.[9]
  • The presentation of symptoms in patients without heart structural abnormalities has been found to be age dependent.[1]
  • The frequency of Supraventricular tachycardias (SVT) usually decrease during the first year in more than 90% of the patients.[1]
  • In 30% of the patients, tachycardias recur during childhood at a mean age of 7 to 8 years of age.[1]
  • When patients with WPW present persistent symptomatic tachycardias over 5 years of age, they usually continue presenting SVT episodes for more than a decade later in 75% of the cases.[1]
  • The occurrence of atrial fibrillation in patients with WPW ha been estimated in between 10% to 30%.[10][11]
* There is no racial predilection for WPW syndrome.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF). American Heart Association (AHA). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS); et al. (2012). "PACES/HRS expert consensus statement on the management of the asymptomatic young patient with a Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW, ventricular preexcitation) electrocardiographic pattern: developed in partnership between the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of PACES, HRS, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF), the American Heart Association (AHA), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS)". Heart Rhythm. 9 (6): 1006–24. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.03.050. PMID 22579340.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Fitzsimmons, PJ.; McWhirter, PD.; Peterson, DW.; Kruyer, WB. (2001). "The natural history of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in 228 military aviators: a long-term follow-up of 22 years". Am Heart J. 142 (3): 530–6. doi:10.1067/mhj.2001.117779. PMID 11526369. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ Obeyesekere, MN.; Leong-Sit, P.; Massel, D.; Manlucu, J.; Modi, S.; Krahn, AD.; Skanes, AC.; Yee, R.; Gula, LJ. (2012). "Risk of arrhythmia and sudden death in patients with asymptomatic preexcitation: a meta-analysis". Circulation. 125 (19): 2308–15. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.055350. PMID 22532593. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Obeyesekere MN, Leong-Sit P, Massel D, Manlucu J, Modi S, Krahn AD; et al. (2012). "Risk of arrhythmia and sudden death in patients with asymptomatic preexcitation: a meta-analysis". Circulation. 125 (19): 2308–15. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.055350. PMID 22532593.
  5. ↑ Brembilla-Perrot, B.; Yangni N’Da, O.; Huttin, O.; Chometon, F.; Groben, L.; Christophe, C.; Benzaghou, N.; Luporsi, J.D.; Tatar, C.; Bertrand, J.; Ammar, S.; Cedano, G.; Zhang, N.; Beurrier, D. (2008). "Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in the elderly: clinical and electrophysiological findings". Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases. 101 (1): 18–22. doi:10.1016/S1875-2136(08)70250-X. ISSN 1875-2136.
  6. ↑ "http://www.cardiology.sk/casopis/606/pdf/04.pdf" (PDF). Retrieved 11 April 2014. External link in |title= (help)
  7. ↑ Obeyesekere, MN.; Leong-Sit, P.; Massel, D.; Manlucu, J.; Modi, S.; Krahn, AD.; Skanes, AC.; Yee, R.; Gula, LJ. (2012). "Risk of arrhythmia and sudden death in patients with asymptomatic preexcitation: a meta-analysis". Circulation. 125 (19): 2308–15. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.055350. PMID 22532593. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  8. ↑ "http://www.cardiology.sk/casopis/606/pdf/04.pdf" (PDF). Retrieved 11 April 2014. External link in |title= (help)
  9. ↑ "http://www.cardiology.sk/casopis/606/pdf/04.pdf" (PDF). Retrieved 11 April 2014. External link in |title= (help)
  10. ↑ Campbell, RW.; Smith, RA.; Gallagher, JJ.; Pritchett, EL.; Wallace, AG. (1977). "Atrial fibrillation in the preexcitation syndrome". Am J Cardiol. 40 (4): 514–20. PMID 910715. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  11. ↑ Sharma, AD.; Klein, GJ.; Guiraudon, GM.; Milstein, S. (1985). "Atrial fibrillation in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: incidence after surgical ablation of the accessory pathway". Circulation. 72 (1): 161–9. PMID 4006127. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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