Laryngeal cancer physical examination: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
 
(17 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
{{Laryngeal cancer}}
{{Laryngeal cancer}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{OK}}, {{JH}}, {{Faizan}}


==Overview==
Patients with [[laryngeal carcinoma]] are usually well appearing. [[Physical examination]] of patients with [[laryngeal carcinoma]] is usually remarkable [[neck]] [[swelling]], [[hearing loss]], and [[stridor]].
==Physical Examination==
==Physical Examination==
Diagnosis is made by the doctor on the basis of a careful [[medical history]], [[physical examination]], and special investigations which may include [[Chest X-Ray]], [[Computed tomography|CT]] or [[MRI]] scans, and tissue biopsy. The examination of the larynx requires some expertise, which may require specialist referral.
[[Physical examination]] of [[patients]] with [[laryngeal carcinoma]] is usually remarkable for the following: <ref name="pmid27841116">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jones TM, De M, Foran B, Harrington K, Mortimore S |title=Laryngeal cancer: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary guidelines |journal=J Laryngol Otol |volume=130 |issue=S2 |pages=S75–S82 |date=May 2016 |pmid=27841116 |pmc=4873912 |doi=10.1017/S0022215116000487 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19368278">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jovanović MB |title=[Diagnosis of laryngeal carcinoma] |journal=Med. Pregl. |volume=61 |issue=11-12 |pages=591–5 |date=2008 |pmid=19368278 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


The [[physical exam]] includes a systematic examination of the whole patient to assess general health, to look for signs of associated conditions and metastatic disease. The neck and [[supraclavicular fossa]] are palpated to feel for cervical adenopathy, other masses, and laryngeal crepitus. The oral cavity and oropharynx are examined under direct vision. The larynx may be examined by Indirect laryngoscopy using a small angled mirror with a long handle (akin to a dentist's mirror) and a strong light. Indirect laryngoscopy can be highly effective, but requires skill and practice for consistent results. For this reason, many specialist clinics now use fibre-optic nasal endoscopy where a thin and flexible [[endoscope]], inserted through the nostril, is used to clearly visualise the entire pharynx and larynx. Nasal endoscopy is a quick and easy procedure, performed in clinic. Local anaesthetic spray may be used.
===Appearance of the Patient===
 
*Patients with [[laryngeal carcinoma]] are usually well appearing
Painful [[paronychia]] in association with a scaly, erythematous, keratotic rash (papules and plaques) of the ears, nose, fingers, and toes, may be indicative of [[acrokeratosis paraneoplastica]], which is associated with [[squamous cell carcinoma]] of the [[larynx]].<ref name="Allen_2005">{{cite web | title=eMedicine - Acrokeratosis Neoplastica | author= Karen Allen, MD | url=http://www.emedicine.com/derm/topic6.htm | 2005-08-17 }}</ref>
===Ears===
*There may be diminished [[hearing]]
===Throat===
*The [[throat]] may be [[erythematous]]
===Neck===
*[[Neck]] [[swelling]] may be present
*Swollen [[lymph nodes]] may be present
*[[Laryngeal]] [[crepitus]] may be present
===Lungs===
*[[Stridor]] may be present due to partial [[airway obstruction]]
===Extremities===
With [[squamous cell carcinoma]] of the [[larynx]], painful [[paronychia]] might be present


==References==
==References==
Line 16: Line 30:


[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Otolaryngology]]

Latest revision as of 21:54, 10 January 2019

Laryngeal cancer Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Laryngeal cancer from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Staging

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Laryngeal cancer physical examination On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Laryngeal cancer physical examination

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Laryngeal cancer physical examination

CDC on Laryngeal cancer physical examination

Laryngeal cancer physical examination in the news

Blogs on Laryngeal cancer physical examination

Directions to Hospitals Treating Laryngeal cancer

Risk calculators and risk factors for Laryngeal cancer physical examination

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D.[2], Jesus Rosario Hernandez, M.D. [3], Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [4]

Overview

Patients with laryngeal carcinoma are usually well appearing. Physical examination of patients with laryngeal carcinoma is usually remarkable neck swelling, hearing loss, and stridor.

Physical Examination

Physical examination of patients with laryngeal carcinoma is usually remarkable for the following: [1][2]

Appearance of the Patient

Ears

Throat

Neck

Lungs

Extremities

With squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, painful paronychia might be present

References

  1. Jones TM, De M, Foran B, Harrington K, Mortimore S (May 2016). "Laryngeal cancer: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary guidelines". J Laryngol Otol. 130 (S2): S75–S82. doi:10.1017/S0022215116000487. PMC 4873912. PMID 27841116.
  2. Jovanović MB (2008). "[Diagnosis of laryngeal carcinoma]". Med. Pregl. 61 (11–12): 591–5. PMID 19368278.


Template:WikiDoc Sources