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{{Infobox_Disease |
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==Causes==
===Common Causes===
* [[Allergic conjunctivitis]]
* [[Blepharitis]]
* [[Common cold]]
* [[Endophthalmitis]]
* [[Keratoconjunctivitis]]
* [[Rhinitis]]
* [[Uveitis]]<ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref><ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref>


===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:82%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Retinal vasculitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chemical conjunctivitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Atopic keratoconjunctivitis]],  [[Erythema multiforme]],  [[Ketotifen]],  [[Linear IgA bullous dermatosis]],  [[Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid]],  [[Stevens-johnson syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Apraclonidine]], [[Bacitracin ]],  [[Cyclosporine]],  [[Diclofenac]],  [[Gatifloxacin]],  [[Neomycin]],  [[Nepafenac]],  [[Pegaptanib]], [[Polymyxin]], [[Rimexolone]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Allergic rhinitis]],  [[Cogan syndrome]],  [[Sinusitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Graves' ophthalmopathy]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Inflammatory bowel disease]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bruton agammaglobulinemia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bacterial conjunctivitis]],  [[Canaliculitis]],  [[Candidiasis]],  [[Chlamydial conjunctivitis]],  [[Chlamydophila caviae]],  [[Common cold]],  [[Congenital herpes simplex]],  [[Congenital rubella syndrome]],  [[Congenital toxoplasmosis]],  [[Fungal conjunctivitis]],  [[Gonococcal conjunctivitis]],  [[Herpes simplex keratitis]],  [[Herpes zoster ophthalmicus]],  [[Herpetic keratitis]],  [[Ocualr tuberculosis]],  [[Syphilis]],  [[Trachoma]],  [[Viral conjunctivitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ankylosing spondylitis]],  [[Myasthenia gravis]],  [[Relapsing polychondritis]],  [[Seronegative spondyloarthropathies]],  [[Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cluster headache]],  [[Sympathetic ophthalmia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute conjunctivitis]],  [[Allergic conjunctivitis]],  [[Amblyopia]],  [[Anisocoria]],  [[Atopic keratoconjunctivitis]],  [[Bacterial conjunctivitis]],  [[Behçet’s disease]],  [[Blepharitis]],  [[Blocked tear duct]],  [[Canaliculitis]],  [[Cataract]],  [[Charles bonnet syndrome]],  [[Chemical conjunctivitis]],  [[Chlamydial conjunctivitis]],  [[Cogan syndrome]],  [[Conjunctivitis]],  [[Corneal abrasion]],  [[Corneal injuries]],  [[Corneal ulcer]],  [[Dacryoadenitis]],  [[Dacryocystitis]],  [[Diplopia]],  [[Ectropion]],  [[Endophthalmitis]],  [[Episcleritis]],  [[Eyelid lesions]],  [[Fungal conjunctivitis]],  [[Glaucoma]],  [[Gonococcal conjunctivitis]],  [[Graves' ophthalmopathy]],  [[Herpes simplex keratitis]],  [[Herpes zoster ophthalmicus]],  [[Herpetic keratitis]],  [[Hypopyon]],  [[Iridocyclitis]],  [[Itchy eyes]],  [[Keratitis]],  [[Keratoconjunctivitis sicca]],  [[Keratoconus]],  [[Macular degeneration]],  [[Meibomian cyst]],  [[Meibomianitis]],  [[Ocualr tuberculosis]],  [[Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid]],  [[Open-angle glaucoma]],  [[Ophthalmitis]],  [[Orbital cellulitis]],  [[Periorbital cellulitis]],  [[Pinguecula]],  [[Primary infantile glaucoma]],  [[Pterygium]],  [[Retinal vasculitis]],  [[Scleritis]],  [[Seborrheic blepharitis]],  [[Stye]],  [[Sympathetic ophthalmia]],  [[Tolosa–hunt syndrome]],  [[Ulcerative keratitis]],  [[Uveitis]],  [[Vernal keratoconjunctivitis]],  [[Viral conjunctivitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Allergic conjunctivitis]],  [[Allergic rhinitis]],  [[Allergy]],  [[Ankylosing spondylitis]],  [[Atopic keratoconjunctivitis]],  [[Behçet’s disease]],  [[Bruton agammaglobulinemia]],  [[Cogan syndrome]],  [[Inflammatory bowel disease]],  [[Linear IgA bullous dermatosis]],  [[Myasthenia gravis]],  [[Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid]],  [[Pollen allergy]],  [[Relapsing polychondritis]],  [[Seronegative spondyloarthropathies]],  [[Stevens-johnson syndrome]],  [[Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Blunt injury]],  [[Corneal abrasion]],  [[Corneal injuries]],  [[Trauma]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Foreign body]],  [[Itchy eyes]],  [[Tears]]
|-
|}


== Differential Diagnosis ==
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
 
{{col-begin|width=85%}}
In alphabetical order. <ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref> <ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref>
{{col-break|width=33%}}
 
*[[Acute conjunctivitis]]
* [[Allergic conjunctivitis]]
*[[Allergic conjunctivitis]]
* [[Bacterial conjunctivitis]]
*[[Allergic rhinitis]]
* [[Chlamydia conjunctivitis]]
*[[Allergy]]
* [[Keratoconjunctivitis sicca]]
*[[Amblyopia]]
* [[Toxic conjunctivitis]]
*[[Anisocoria]]
* [[Viral conjunctivitis]]
*[[Ankylosing spondylitis]]
*[[Atopic keratoconjunctivitis]]
*[[Bacitracin ]]
*[[Bacterial conjunctivitis]]
*[[Behçet’s disease]]
*[[Blepharitis]]
*[[Blocked tear duct]]
*[[Blunt injury]]
*[[Bruton agammaglobulinemia]]
*[[Canaliculitis]]
*[[Candidiasis]]
*[[Cataract]]
*[[Charles bonnet syndrome]]
*[[Chemical conjunctivitis]]
*[[Chlamydial conjunctivitis]]
*[[Chlamydophila caviae]]
*[[Cluster headache]]
*[[Cogan syndrome]]
*[[Common cold]]
*[[Congenital herpes simplex]]
*[[Congenital rubella syndrome]]
*[[Congenital toxoplasmosis]]
*[[Conjunctivitis]]
*[[Corneal abrasion]]
*[[Corneal injuries]]
*[[Corneal ulcer]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Cyclosporine]]
*[[Dacryoadenitis]]
*[[Dacryocystitis]]
*[[Diclofenac]]
*[[Diplopia]]
*[[Ectropion]]
*[[Endophthalmitis]]
*[[Episcleritis]]
*[[Erythema multiforme]]
*[[Eyelid lesions]]
*[[Foreign body]]
*[[Fungal conjunctivitis]]
*[[Gatifloxacin]]
*[[Glaucoma]]
*[[Gonococcal conjunctivitis]]
*[[Graves' ophthalmopathy]]
*[[Herpes simplex keratitis]]
*[[Herpes zoster ophthalmicus]]
*[[Herpetic keratitis]]
*[[Hypopyon]]
*[[Inflammatory bowel disease]]
*[[Iridocyclitis]]
*[[Itchy eyes]]
*[[Keratitis]]
*[[Keratoconjunctivitis sicca]]
*[[Keratoconus]]
*[[Ketotifen]]
*[[Linear IgA bullous dermatosis]]
*[[Macular degeneration]]
*[[Meibomian cyst]]
*[[Meibomianitis]]
*[[Myasthenia gravis]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Neomycin]]
*[[Nepafenac]]
*[[Ocualr tuberculosis]]
*[[Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid]]
*[[Open-angle glaucoma]]
*[[Ophthalmitis]]
*[[Orbital cellulitis]]
*[[Periorbital cellulitis]]
*[[Pinguecula]]
*[[Pollen allergy]]
*[[Polymyxin]]
*[[Primary infantile glaucoma]]
*[[Pterygium]]
*[[Relapsing polychondritis]]
*[[Retinal vasculitis]]
*[[Scleritis]]
*[[Seborrheic blepharitis]]
*[[Seronegative spondyloarthropathies]]
*[[Sinusitis]]
*[[Stevens-johnson syndrome]]
*[[Stye]]
*[[Sympathetic ophthalmia]]
*[[Syphilis]]
*[[Tears]]
*[[Tolosa–hunt syndrome]]
*[[Trachoma]]
*[[Trauma]]
*[[Ulcerative keratitis]]
*[[Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis]]
*[[Uveitis]]
*[[Vernal keratoconjunctivitis]]
*[[Viral conjunctivitis]]
{{col-end}}


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
 
{{WH}}
== Acknowledgements ==
{{WS}}
The content on this page was first contributed by {{CMG}}
 
List of contributors:
----
== Suggested Reading and Key General References ==
 
== Suggested Links and Web Resources ==
 
== For Patients ==
 


[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Medical signs]]
[[Category:Symptoms]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Latest revision as of 21:42, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Retinal vasculitis
Chemical/Poisoning Chemical conjunctivitis
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic Atopic keratoconjunctivitis, Erythema multiforme, Ketotifen, Linear IgA bullous dermatosis, Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, Stevens-johnson syndrome
Drug Side Effect Apraclonidine, Bacitracin , Cyclosporine, Diclofenac, Gatifloxacin, Neomycin, Nepafenac, Pegaptanib, Polymyxin, Rimexolone
Ear Nose Throat Allergic rhinitis, Cogan syndrome, Sinusitis
Endocrine Graves' ophthalmopathy
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Inflammatory bowel disease
Genetic Bruton agammaglobulinemia
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Bacterial conjunctivitis, Canaliculitis, Candidiasis, Chlamydial conjunctivitis, Chlamydophila caviae, Common cold, Congenital herpes simplex, Congenital rubella syndrome, Congenital toxoplasmosis, Fungal conjunctivitis, Gonococcal conjunctivitis, Herpes simplex keratitis, Herpes zoster ophthalmicus, Herpetic keratitis, Ocualr tuberculosis, Syphilis, Trachoma, Viral conjunctivitis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic Ankylosing spondylitis, Myasthenia gravis, Relapsing polychondritis, Seronegative spondyloarthropathies, Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis
Neurologic Cluster headache, Sympathetic ophthalmia
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic Acute conjunctivitis, Allergic conjunctivitis, Amblyopia, Anisocoria, Atopic keratoconjunctivitis, Bacterial conjunctivitis, Behçet’s disease, Blepharitis, Blocked tear duct, Canaliculitis, Cataract, Charles bonnet syndrome, Chemical conjunctivitis, Chlamydial conjunctivitis, Cogan syndrome, Conjunctivitis, Corneal abrasion, Corneal injuries, Corneal ulcer, Dacryoadenitis, Dacryocystitis, Diplopia, Ectropion, Endophthalmitis, Episcleritis, Eyelid lesions, Fungal conjunctivitis, Glaucoma, Gonococcal conjunctivitis, Graves' ophthalmopathy, Herpes simplex keratitis, Herpes zoster ophthalmicus, Herpetic keratitis, Hypopyon, Iridocyclitis, Itchy eyes, Keratitis, Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, Keratoconus, Macular degeneration, Meibomian cyst, Meibomianitis, Ocualr tuberculosis, Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, Open-angle glaucoma, Ophthalmitis, Orbital cellulitis, Periorbital cellulitis, Pinguecula, Primary infantile glaucoma, Pterygium, Retinal vasculitis, Scleritis, Seborrheic blepharitis, Stye, Sympathetic ophthalmia, Tolosa–hunt syndrome, Ulcerative keratitis, Uveitis, Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, Viral conjunctivitis
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Allergic conjunctivitis, Allergic rhinitis, Allergy, Ankylosing spondylitis, Atopic keratoconjunctivitis, Behçet’s disease, Bruton agammaglobulinemia, Cogan syndrome, Inflammatory bowel disease, Linear IgA bullous dermatosis, Myasthenia gravis, Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, Pollen allergy, Relapsing polychondritis, Seronegative spondyloarthropathies, Stevens-johnson syndrome, Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Blunt injury, Corneal abrasion, Corneal injuries, Trauma
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Foreign body, Itchy eyes, Tears

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

  1. ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
  2. ↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X

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