Dysphonia: Difference between revisions
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=== Causes by Organ System === | === Causes by Organ System === | ||
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|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Axitinib]], [[Danazol]], [[Dornase alfa]], [[Gestrinone]] | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Axitinib]], [[Botulinum toxin]], [[Danazol]], [[Dornase alfa]], [[Gestrinone]], [[Ixabepilone]], [[Loratadine]], [[Naltrexone]], [[Oxcarbazepine]], [[Pramipexole]], [[Tobramycin]] | ||
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=== Causes in Alphabetical Order === | === Causes in Alphabetical Order === | ||
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*[[10th cranial nerve disorder]] | *[[10th cranial nerve disorder]] | ||
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*[[Axitinib]] | *[[Axitinib]] | ||
*[[Bacterial tracheitis / laryngitis]] | *[[Bacterial tracheitis / laryngitis]] | ||
*[[Botulinum toxin]] | |||
*[[Bronchial carcinoma]] | *[[Bronchial carcinoma]] | ||
*[[Bronchogenic tumor]] | *[[Bronchogenic tumor]] | ||
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*[[Esophageal tumor]] | *[[Esophageal tumor]] | ||
*[[Excessively dry and warm room coupled with low water intake]] | *[[Excessively dry and warm room coupled with low water intake]] | ||
*[[Fluticasone]] (aerosol) | |||
*[[Foreign body in respiratory tract]] | *[[Foreign body in respiratory tract]] | ||
*[[Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)]] | *[[Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)]] | ||
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*[[Hemorrhage into vocal folds]] | *[[Hemorrhage into vocal folds]] | ||
*[[Hypothyroidism]] | *[[Hypothyroidism]] | ||
*[[Ixabepilone]] | |||
*[[Juvenile dermatomyositis]] | *[[Juvenile dermatomyositis]] | ||
*[[Laryngeal carcinoma]] | *[[Laryngeal carcinoma]] | ||
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{{Speech and voice symptoms and signs}} | {{Speech and voice symptoms and signs}} | ||
[[pl:Chrypka]] | [[pl:Chrypka]] | ||
[[Category:Otolaryngology]] | [[Category:Otolaryngology]] | ||
[[Category:Needs patient information]] | [[Category:Needs patient information]] | ||
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | ||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} | ||
Latest revision as of 14:45, 18 June 2015
| Dysphonia | |
| ICD-10 | R49 |
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| ICD-9 | 784.49 |
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WikiDoc Resources for Dysphonia |
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Most recent articles on Dysphonia |
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Evidence Based Medicine |
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Ongoing Trials on Dysphonia at Clinical Trials.gov Clinical Trials on Dysphonia at Google
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US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Dysphonia
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Definitions |
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Patient resources on Dysphonia Discussion groups on Dysphonia Directions to Hospitals Treating Dysphonia Risk calculators and risk factors for Dysphonia
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Causes & Risk Factors for Dysphonia |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Synonyms and keywords: hoarseness
Overview
Dysphonia is the medical term for hoarseness or other phonation disorders. It is considered much less severe than aphonia. Hoarseness can be a change in pitch, a rough sound of the voice, or an increased effort in speaking.
Classificaiton of Dysphonia
Based Upon Chronicity
- Acute hoarseness has a sudden onset and lasts fewer than 2 weeks
- Chronic hoarseness lasts longer than 2 weeks
Based Upon Pathophysiology
- Organic dysphonia
- Functional dysphonia
- Spasmodic dysphonia
Causes
Common Causes
- Aging
- Cold
- Foreign body in respiratory tract
- Hypothyroidism
- Laryngitis
- Laryngeal cancer
- Overstress of vocal cords (speaking, shouting, singing and crying)
- Sinusitis
- Tracheitis
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
In alphabetical order. [1] [2]
Acute
- Acute viral laryngitis
- Aortic aneurysm
- Aortic dissection
- Anaphylaxis
- Bacterial tracheitis / laryngitis
- Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
- Chorditis
- Croup
- Deep space face and neck infection
- Epiglottitis
- Foreign body
- Head injury
- Laryngitis
- Laryngotracheobronchitis
- Overstress of vocal cords (speaking, shouting, singing, crying)
- Sinusitis
- Smoke irritation
- Surgery
- Trauma
- Upper Respiratory Infection
Chronic
- Aging
- Allergic Rhinitis
- Amyloidosis
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- Aortic aneurysm
- Bronchial carcinoma
- Bronchogenic tumor
- Chondromas
- Chronic cough, severe cold
- Chronic inhalation of chemical irritant agents (professional activity)
- Chronic sinusitis
- Drugs
- Edema of vocal cords
- Esophageal tumor
- Excessively dry and warm room coupled with low water intake
- Foreign body
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Glomus jugulare tumor
- Guillain-Barre Syndrome
- Habitual aphonia
- Hemangioma
- Hemorrhage into vocal folds
- Hypothyroidism
- Juvenile dermatomyositis
- Laryngeal papillomatosis
- Laryngocelesventricular prolapse
- Laryngeal carcinoma
- Left atrial enlargement
- Lipoma
- Lung cancer
- Menopause
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Muscular Dystrophy
- Myasthenia Gravis
- Neural tumor
- Neurofibroma
- Papillomas
- Parkinson's Disease
- Postsurgical
- Psychogenic aphonia
- Puberty
- Reinke's Edema
- Retention cysts
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Sarcoidosis
- Spastic dysphonia
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Thyroid tumor
- Ventricular dysphonias
- Virilization
- Vocal cord nodules
- Vocal fold cyst
- Vocal cord paralysis
- Vocal cord polyps
- Wegener's Granulotomosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
The following should be characterized as part of a full history:
- Onset
- Duration
- Prior history
- Exposure
- Medications
- Voice use
- Associated symptoms
- Medical history
- Surgical history
- Trauma
Physical Examination
- Focus on neck, head, lung, thyroid and cardiac exams
- Evaluate voice quality
Laboratory Findings
- Thyroid function tests to rule out hypothyroidism
X-Ray
- Chest X-ray
- Lateral neck X-ray
MRI and CT
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
- Airway, breathing and circulation
- Voice rest
- Diet modification (GERD)
- Stop smoking
- Wear protective clothing or masks (if hoarseness is due to exposure)
- Treat underlying etiologies
- Voice therapy
Pharmacotherapy
Acute Pharmacotherapies
Surgery and Device Based Therapy
- Surgical intervention for abscesses, masses
- Cricothyrotomy or tracheostomy (to establish airway)