Eczema physical examination: Difference between revisions

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{{Eczema}}
{{Eczema}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}, {{AE}} [[User:Edzelco|Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.]]
 
==Overview==
==Overview==
[[Eczema]] is a [[dermatologic disease]] and [[pruritus]] is the hallmark feature of this [[disease]]. <ref name="pmid24290431">{{cite journal| author=Eichenfield LF, Tom WL, Chamlin SL, Feldman SR, Hanifin JM, Simpson EL | display-authors=etal| title=Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 1. Diagnosis and assessment of atopic dermatitis. | journal=J Am Acad Dermatol | year= 2014 | volume= 70 | issue= 2 | pages= 338-51 | pmid=24290431 | doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2013.10.010 | pmc=4410183 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24290431  }} </ref>


==Physical Examination==
==Physical Examination==
===Skin===
*[[Eczema]] is a [[dermatologic disease]] and [[pruritus]] is the hallmark feature of this [[disease]]. <ref name="pmid24290431">{{cite journal| author=Eichenfield LF, Tom WL, Chamlin SL, Feldman SR, Hanifin JM, Simpson EL | display-authors=etal| title=Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 1. Diagnosis and assessment of atopic dermatitis. | journal=J Am Acad Dermatol | year= 2014 | volume= 70 | issue= 2 | pages= 338-51 | pmid=24290431 | doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2013.10.010 | pmc=4410183 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24290431  }} </ref>
Diagnosis of eczema is generally based on the appearance of inflamed, itchy skin in eczema sensitive areas such as the face, chest and other skin crease areas. For evaluation of the eczema, a scoring system can be used (for example, [[SCORAD]], a scoring system for atopic dermatitis).
*The clinical presentation of [[eczema]] varies with age. <ref name="pmid34246205">{{cite journal| author=Kulthanan K, Tuchinda P, Nitiyarom R, Chunharas A, Chantaphakul H, Aunhachoke K | display-authors=etal| title=Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atopic dermatitis. | journal=Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol | year= 2021 | volume= 39 | issue= 3 | pages= 145-155 | pmid=34246205 | doi=10.12932/AP-010221-1050 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=34246205  }} </ref>
*The stage of [[lesion]] can be determined based on how it appears.
**Acute - [[crusted]], [[oozing]], eroded [[vesicles]], [[erythematous]] [[plaques]], or [[papules]].
**Subacute - [[erythematous]] [[scaly]] [[plaques]] or [[papules]].
**Chronic - slightly pigmented, [[lichenified]] [[plaques]] or [[excoriations]]. <ref name="pmid34246205">{{cite journal| author=Kulthanan K, Tuchinda P, Nitiyarom R, Chunharas A, Chantaphakul H, Aunhachoke K | display-authors=etal| title=Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atopic dermatitis. | journal=Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol | year= 2021 | volume= 39 | issue= 3 | pages= 145-155 | pmid=34246205 | doi=10.12932/AP-010221-1050 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=34246205  }} </ref>
 
 
 
 
 
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 1px; width: " align="center" 1000px;"
| valign="top" |
|+<big>''' Table 1. Summary of [[Physical Examination]].'''</big>
! align="center" style="background: #00CED1; width: 120px;" |{{fontcolor|#FFF|System}}
! align="center" style="background: #00CED1; width: 900px;" |{{fontcolor|#FFF|Findings}}
!
|-
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #E6E6FA; font-weight: bold" |[[General Appearance]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Patient]] with [[eczema]] usually appears [[conscious]], [[coherent]], and not in [[cardiorespiratory distress]].
|
|-
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #E6E6FA; font-weight: bold" |[[Vital Signs]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Patient]] is usually [[normotensive]] and [[afebrile]].
|-
| rowspan="5" align="center" style="background: #E6E6FA;" ; |[[HEENT]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Head]] can be [[normocephalic]].
|
|-
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Eyes]] can be normal.
|
|-
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Ears]] can be normal.
|
|-
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Nose]] can be normal.
|
|-
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Throat]] can be normal.
|
|-
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #E6E6FA; font-weight: bold" |[[Chest]] / [[Lungs]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Respiration]] can be normal.
|
|-
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #E6E6FA; font-weight: bold" |[[Cardiovascular]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Patient]] usually has no pertinent findings.
|
|-
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #E6E6FA; font-weight: bold" |[[Abdomen]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Patient]] usually has no pertinent findings.
|
|-
| align="center" style="background: #E6E6FA;" |[[Skin]] / [[Extremities]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Image:Eczema-arms.jpg|thumb|left|More severe eczema ('''Image courtesy of Wikipedia''').|link=Special:FilePath/.jpg]]


===Images of Eczema===
[[Image:Eczema-arms.jpg|thumb|left|More severe eczema]]






[[Image:Eczema.jpg|thumb|left|A patch of eczema that has been scratched <br>('''Image courtesy of Wikipedia''').|link=Special:FilePath/.jpg]]
|
|-
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #E6E6FA; font-weight: bold" |[[Neurologic]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Patient]] usually has no pertinent findings.
|
|}


[[Image:Eczema.jpg|thumb|left|A patch of eczema that has been scratched]]
==References==
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Latest revision as of 18:44, 14 July 2022

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.

Overview

Eczema is a dermatologic disease and pruritus is the hallmark feature of this disease. [1]

Physical Examination



 Table 1. Summary of Physical Examination.
System Findings
General Appearance Patient with eczema usually appears conscious, coherent, and not in cardiorespiratory distress.
Vital Signs Patient is usually normotensive and afebrile.
HEENT Head can be normocephalic.
Eyes can be normal.
Ears can be normal.
Nose can be normal.
Throat can be normal.
Chest / Lungs Respiration can be normal.
Cardiovascular Patient usually has no pertinent findings.
Abdomen Patient usually has no pertinent findings.
Skin / Extremities
More severe eczema (Image courtesy of Wikipedia).



A patch of eczema that has been scratched
(Image courtesy of Wikipedia).
Neurologic Patient usually has no pertinent findings.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Eichenfield LF, Tom WL, Chamlin SL, Feldman SR, Hanifin JM, Simpson EL; et al. (2014). "Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 1. Diagnosis and assessment of atopic dermatitis". J Am Acad Dermatol. 70 (2): 338–51. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2013.10.010. PMC 4410183. PMID 24290431.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kulthanan K, Tuchinda P, Nitiyarom R, Chunharas A, Chantaphakul H, Aunhachoke K; et al. (2021). "Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atopic dermatitis". Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 39 (3): 145–155. doi:10.12932/AP-010221-1050. PMID 34246205 Check |pmid= value (help).
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