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{{Radiation proctitis}}
{{Radiation proctitis}}


{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}  {{AE}} [[User:Rekha|Rekha, M.D.]], {{MIR}}


{{SK}} Radiation colitis
{{SK}} Radiation colitis
==[[Radiation proctitis overview|Overview]]==
==[[Radiation proctitis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
==[[Radiation proctitis classification|Classification]]==
==[[Radiation proctitis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
==[[Radiation proctitis causes|Causes]]==
==[[Radiation proctitis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Radiation proctitis from other Diseases]]==
==[[Radiation proctitis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
==[[Radiation proctitis risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
==[[Radiation proctitis screening|Screening]]==
==[[Radiation proctitis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
===Symptoms===
[[Radiation proctitis staging|Staging]] | [[Radiation proctitis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Radiation proctitis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Radiation proctitis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] |  [[Radiation proctitis abdominal x ray|Abdominal X Ray]] | [[Radiation proctitis CT|CT]] | [[Radiation proctitis MRI|MRI]] | [[Radiation proctitis ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Radiation proctitis other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Radiation proctitis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
====Acute radiation proctitis====


Symptoms occur in the first few weeks after therapy. These symptoms include [[diarrhea]] and the urgent need to [[Defecation|defecate]], often with inability to do so ([[tenesmus]]). Acute radiation proctitis usually resolves without treatment after several months, but symptoms may improve with [[butyric acid|butyrate]] [[enema]]s. This acute phase is due to direct damage of the lining ([[epithelium]]) of the colon. <ref>Babb RR. ''Radiation proctitis: a review.'' Am J Gastroenterol. 1996 Jul;91(7):1309-11. Review. PMID 8677984</ref>
==Treatment==
[[Radiation proctitis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Radiation proctitis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Radiation proctitis primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Radiation proctitis secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Radiation proctitis cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] [[Radiation proctitis future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]


====Chronic radiation proctitis====
==Case Studies==
[[Image:Radiation proctitis APC.jpg|center|thumb|200px|[[Colonoscopy|Endoscopic]] image of radiation proctitis before and after therapy with [[argon plasma coagulation]].]]
Symptoms may begin as early as several months after therapy but occasionally not until several years later. These symptoms include diarrhea, [[Hematochezia|rectal bleeding]], painful defecation, and intestinal blockage. Intestinal blockage is a result of [[Stenosis|narrowing]] of the rectum which blocks the flow of [[feces]]. Connections [[fistulae]] may also develop between the colon and other parts of the body such as the [[skin]] or [[urinary system]].


==Treatment==
[[Radiation proctitis case study one|Case #1]]
* Symptoms such as diarrhea and painful defectation may be treated with oral [[opioids]] and stool softeners, respectively.
* Several other methods are under development as of 2005 to lessen the effects of radiation proctitis. These include [[sucralfate]], [[hyperbaric oxygen therapy]], [[corticosteroid]]s, [[metronidazole]], and [[argon plasma coagulation]].


== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}


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Latest revision as of 23:51, 6 November 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rekha, M.D., Mahshid Mir, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Radiation colitis

Overview

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Differentiating Radiation proctitis from other Diseases

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