Cryoglobulinemia overview: Difference between revisions
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{{Cryoglobulinemia}} | {{Cryoglobulinemia}} | ||
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}} | {{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}} [[User:Ayesha A. Khan|Ayesha A. Khan, MD]][mailto:Ayesha.khan@stvincentcharity.com] | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
'''Cryoglobulinemia''' is the presence of high amount of heavy [[globulin]]s (e.g. [[IgM]]) in the [[bloodstream]] which thicken or gel on exposure to cold. Cryoglobulins are circulating [[immunoglobulins]] or [[protein]]s that become insoluble at less than 4 degrees Celsius. The reaction is reversible; redissolution occurs at 37 degrees Celsius. Such proteins are called [[cryoglobulin]]s. Cryoglobulinemia can lead to a medium-sized vessel [[vasculitis]] due to vascular deposition of circulating [[immune complexes]]. This leads to the triad of palpable [[purpura]], [[arthralgia]]s and [[peripheral neuropathy]]. The relationship of cryoglobulins and [[hepatitis C]] infection as well as B cell neoplasia provides an interesting link between infection, autoimmune disease and lymphoproliferative disorders. | '''Cryoglobulinemia''' is the presence of high amount of heavy [[globulin]]s (e.g. [[IgM]]) in the [[bloodstream]] which thicken or gel on exposure to cold. Cryoglobulins are circulating [[immunoglobulins]] or [[protein]]s that become insoluble at less than 4 degrees Celsius. The reaction is reversible; redissolution occurs at 37 degrees Celsius. Such proteins are called [[cryoglobulin]]s. Cryoglobulinemia can lead to a medium-sized vessel [[vasculitis]] due to vascular deposition of circulating [[immune complexes]]. This leads to the triad of palpable [[purpura]], [[arthralgia]]s and [[peripheral neuropathy]]. The relationship of cryoglobulins and [[hepatitis C]] infection as well as B cell neoplasia provides an interesting link between infection, autoimmune disease and lymphoproliferative disorders. | ||
==Classification== | |||
==Pathophysiology== | |||
==Causes== | |||
==Differentiating cryoglobulinemia from other Diseases== | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | |||
==Risk Factors== | |||
==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | |||
==Diagnosis== | |||
===History and Symptoms=== | |||
===Physical Examination=== | |||
===Laboratory Findings=== | |||
===X Ray=== | |||
===CT=== | |||
===MRI=== | |||
===Ultrasound=== | |||
===Other Imaging Findings=== | |||
===Other Diagnostic Findings=== | |||
==Treatment== | |||
===Medical Therapy=== | |||
===Surgery=== | |||
===Primary Prevention=== | |||
===Secondary Prevention=== | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Hematology]] | [[Category:Hematology]] | ||
[[Category:Rheumatology]] | [[Category:Rheumatology]] | ||
[[Category:Blood tests]] | [[Category:Blood tests]] | ||
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Latest revision as of 02:57, 22 May 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Ayesha A. Khan, MD[3]
Overview
Cryoglobulinemia is the presence of high amount of heavy globulins (e.g. IgM) in the bloodstream which thicken or gel on exposure to cold. Cryoglobulins are circulating immunoglobulins or proteins that become insoluble at less than 4 degrees Celsius. The reaction is reversible; redissolution occurs at 37 degrees Celsius. Such proteins are called cryoglobulins. Cryoglobulinemia can lead to a medium-sized vessel vasculitis due to vascular deposition of circulating immune complexes. This leads to the triad of palpable purpura, arthralgias and peripheral neuropathy. The relationship of cryoglobulins and hepatitis C infection as well as B cell neoplasia provides an interesting link between infection, autoimmune disease and lymphoproliferative disorders.