Shigellosis risk factors: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Shigellosis}} | {{Shigellosis}} | ||
{{CMG}} '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[User:YazanDaaboul|Yazan Daaboul]]; [[User:Sergekorjian|Serge Korjian]] | |||
==Overview== | |||
All individuals are at risk of developing shigellosis. Individuals at high risk of developing shigellosis or complications of shigellosis are young children between the age of 2 to 5, elderly individuals, and individuals who engage in anal sexual intercourse, HIV-positive individuals, and travelers to developing countries in regions of poor sanitation. | |||
==Risk Factors== | |||
===Poor Sanitation=== | |||
*Individuals living in regions of poor sanitation with inadequate supply of clean water are at risk of developing shigellosis. | |||
===Young Children=== | |||
*The majority of shigellosis cases are reported in childcare/school settings or among families with small children.<ref name="CDC">http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/shigellosis_t.htm</ref> | |||
*Children between the age of 2 to 5 are most susceptible to shigellosis infection and to death associated with the infection. | |||
===Anal Sexual Intercourse=== | |||
*Individuals who engage in anal sexual intercourse are at risk of developing shigellosis.<ref name="CDC">http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/shigellosis_t.htm</ref> | |||
*''Shigella'' is transmitted via the fecal-oral route. Individuals who engage with anal sexual intercourse may be exposed to fecal residue.<ref name="CDC">http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/shigellosis_t.htm</ref> | |||
===Immunocompromised Individuals=== | |||
*HIV-positive patients and patients with advanced cancers may develop severe and prolonged forms of shigellosis and are at high risk of developing bacteremia.<ref name="CDC">http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/shigellosis_t.htm</ref> | |||
===Malnutrition=== | |||
*Individuals with malnutrition may develop severe forms of shigellosis. | |||
===Travelers=== | |||
*Individuals who travel to developing countries are at risk of shigellosis following ingestion of contaminated food and water.<ref name="CDC">http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/shigellosis_t.htm</ref> | |||
*Swimming in regions with poor sanitation during travel further increases the risk of developing shigellosis. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
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[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | ||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:04, 18 September 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Yazan Daaboul; Serge Korjian
Overview
All individuals are at risk of developing shigellosis. Individuals at high risk of developing shigellosis or complications of shigellosis are young children between the age of 2 to 5, elderly individuals, and individuals who engage in anal sexual intercourse, HIV-positive individuals, and travelers to developing countries in regions of poor sanitation.
Risk Factors
Poor Sanitation
- Individuals living in regions of poor sanitation with inadequate supply of clean water are at risk of developing shigellosis.
Young Children
- The majority of shigellosis cases are reported in childcare/school settings or among families with small children.[1]
- Children between the age of 2 to 5 are most susceptible to shigellosis infection and to death associated with the infection.
Anal Sexual Intercourse
- Individuals who engage in anal sexual intercourse are at risk of developing shigellosis.[1]
- Shigella is transmitted via the fecal-oral route. Individuals who engage with anal sexual intercourse may be exposed to fecal residue.[1]
Immunocompromised Individuals
- HIV-positive patients and patients with advanced cancers may develop severe and prolonged forms of shigellosis and are at high risk of developing bacteremia.[1]
Malnutrition
- Individuals with malnutrition may develop severe forms of shigellosis.
Travelers
- Individuals who travel to developing countries are at risk of shigellosis following ingestion of contaminated food and water.[1]
- Swimming in regions with poor sanitation during travel further increases the risk of developing shigellosis.