Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia laboratory findings: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
==Laboratory and Serological Tests==
==Laboratory and Serological Tests==
Blood work-up are not that helpful in diagnosing Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia.  However, a few common abnormalities which have been noticed are mentioned below.
Blood work-up are not that helpful in diagnosing Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia.  However, a few common abnormalities are mentioned below.
*ESR is elevated in cases casued due to connective tissue disorders.
*ESR is elevated in cases casued due to connective tissue disorders.
*Presence of Antinuclear antibodies and  high positive titres (>1:160) of Rheumatoid factor may suggest an Autoimmune cause .<ref name="Nagaya-1969">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Nagaya | first1 = H. | last2 = Buckley | first2 = CE. | last3 = Sieker | first3 = HO. | title = Positive antinuclear factor in patients with unexplained pulmonary fibrosis. | journal = Ann Intern Med | volume = 70 | issue = 6 | pages = 1135-45 | month = Jun | year = 1969 | doi =  | PMID = 4892605 }}</ref><ref name="Nagaya-1972">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Nagaya | first1 = H. | last2 = Sieker | first2 = HO. | title = Pathogenetic mechanisms of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis in patients with serum antinuclear factor. A histologic and clinical correlation. | journal = Am J Med | volume = 52 | issue = 1 | pages = 51-62 | month = Jan | year = 1972 | doi =  | PMID = 4536709 }}</ref><ref name="Turner-Warwick-1971">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Turner-Warwick | first1 = M. | last2 = Haslam | first2 = P. | last3 = Weeks | first3 = J. | title = Antibodies in some chronic fibrosing lung diseases. II. Immunofluorescent studies. | journal = Clin Allergy | volume = 1 | issue = 2 | pages = 209-19 | month = Jun | year = 1971 | doi =  | PMID = 4950528 }}</ref><ref name="Chapman-1984">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Chapman | first1 = JR. | last2 = Charles | first2 = PJ. | last3 = Venables | first3 = PJ. | last4 = Thompson | first4 = PJ. | last5 = Haslam | first5 = PL. | last6 = Maini | first6 = RN. | last7 = Turner Warwick | first7 = ME. | title = Definition and clinical relevance of antibodies to nuclear ribonucleoprotein and other nuclear antigens in patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis. | journal = Am Rev Respir Dis | volume = 130 | issue = 3 | pages = 439-43 | month = Sep | year = 1984 | doi =  | PMID = 6433759 }}</ref><ref name="Dreisin-1978">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Dreisin | first1 = RB. | last2 = Schwarz | first2 = MI. | last3 = Theofilopoulos | first3 = AN. | last4 = Stanford | first4 = RE. | title = Circulating immune complexes in the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. | journal = N Engl J Med | volume = 298 | issue = 7 | pages = 353-7 | month = Feb | year = 1978 | doi = 10.1056/NEJM197802162980701 | PMID = 146160 }}</ref><ref name="GOTTLIEB-1965">{{Cite journal  | last1 = GOTTLIEB | first1 = AJ. | last2 = SPIERA | first2 = H. | last3 = TEIRSTEIN | first3 = AS. | last4 = SILTZBACH | first4 = LE. | title = SEROLOGIC FACTORS IN IDIOPATHIC DIFFUSE INTERSTITIAL PULMONARY FIBROSIS. | journal = Am J Med | volume = 39 | issue =  | pages = 405-10 | month = Sep | year = 1965 | doi =  | PMID = 14338291 }}</ref>
*Presence of Antinuclear antibodies and  high positive titres (>1:160) of Rheumatoid factor may suggest an Autoimmune cause .<ref name="Nagaya-1969">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Nagaya | first1 = H. | last2 = Buckley | first2 = CE. | last3 = Sieker | first3 = HO. | title = Positive antinuclear factor in patients with unexplained pulmonary fibrosis. | journal = Ann Intern Med | volume = 70 | issue = 6 | pages = 1135-45 | month = Jun | year = 1969 | doi =  | PMID = 4892605 }}</ref><ref name="Nagaya-1972">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Nagaya | first1 = H. | last2 = Sieker | first2 = HO. | title = Pathogenetic mechanisms of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis in patients with serum antinuclear factor. A histologic and clinical correlation. | journal = Am J Med | volume = 52 | issue = 1 | pages = 51-62 | month = Jan | year = 1972 | doi =  | PMID = 4536709 }}</ref><ref name="Turner-Warwick-1971">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Turner-Warwick | first1 = M. | last2 = Haslam | first2 = P. | last3 = Weeks | first3 = J. | title = Antibodies in some chronic fibrosing lung diseases. II. Immunofluorescent studies. | journal = Clin Allergy | volume = 1 | issue = 2 | pages = 209-19 | month = Jun | year = 1971 | doi =  | PMID = 4950528 }}</ref><ref name="Chapman-1984">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Chapman | first1 = JR. | last2 = Charles | first2 = PJ. | last3 = Venables | first3 = PJ. | last4 = Thompson | first4 = PJ. | last5 = Haslam | first5 = PL. | last6 = Maini | first6 = RN. | last7 = Turner Warwick | first7 = ME. | title = Definition and clinical relevance of antibodies to nuclear ribonucleoprotein and other nuclear antigens in patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis. | journal = Am Rev Respir Dis | volume = 130 | issue = 3 | pages = 439-43 | month = Sep | year = 1984 | doi =  | PMID = 6433759 }}</ref><ref name="Dreisin-1978">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Dreisin | first1 = RB. | last2 = Schwarz | first2 = MI. | last3 = Theofilopoulos | first3 = AN. | last4 = Stanford | first4 = RE. | title = Circulating immune complexes in the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. | journal = N Engl J Med | volume = 298 | issue = 7 | pages = 353-7 | month = Feb | year = 1978 | doi = 10.1056/NEJM197802162980701 | PMID = 146160 }}</ref><ref name="GOTTLIEB-1965">{{Cite journal  | last1 = GOTTLIEB | first1 = AJ. | last2 = SPIERA | first2 = H. | last3 = TEIRSTEIN | first3 = AS. | last4 = SILTZBACH | first4 = LE. | title = SEROLOGIC FACTORS IN IDIOPATHIC DIFFUSE INTERSTITIAL PULMONARY FIBROSIS. | journal = Am J Med | volume = 39 | issue =  | pages = 405-10 | month = Sep | year = 1965 | doi =  | PMID = 14338291 }}</ref>

Latest revision as of 17:12, 20 November 2013

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2]


Overview

Laboratory and Serological Tests

Blood work-up are not that helpful in diagnosing Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia. However, a few common abnormalities are mentioned below.

  • ESR is elevated in cases casued due to connective tissue disorders.
  • Presence of Antinuclear antibodies and high positive titres (>1:160) of Rheumatoid factor may suggest an Autoimmune cause .[1][2][3][4][5][6]
  • Polycythemia may be seen late due to hypoxemia.
  • Hypergammaglobulinemia
  • Increased levels of LDH may be seen in a few cases which is non specific .

Pulmonary Function Tests

Invasive tests

Bronchioalveolar Lavage

Lung Biopsy

References

  1. ↑ Nagaya, H.; Buckley, CE.; Sieker, HO. (1969). "Positive antinuclear factor in patients with unexplained pulmonary fibrosis". Ann Intern Med. 70 (6): 1135–45. PMID 4892605. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ↑ Nagaya, H.; Sieker, HO. (1972). "Pathogenetic mechanisms of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis in patients with serum antinuclear factor. A histologic and clinical correlation". Am J Med. 52 (1): 51–62. PMID 4536709. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ Turner-Warwick, M.; Haslam, P.; Weeks, J. (1971). "Antibodies in some chronic fibrosing lung diseases. II. Immunofluorescent studies". Clin Allergy. 1 (2): 209–19. PMID 4950528. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ↑ Chapman, JR.; Charles, PJ.; Venables, PJ.; Thompson, PJ.; Haslam, PL.; Maini, RN.; Turner Warwick, ME. (1984). "Definition and clinical relevance of antibodies to nuclear ribonucleoprotein and other nuclear antigens in patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis". Am Rev Respir Dis. 130 (3): 439–43. PMID 6433759. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ↑ Dreisin, RB.; Schwarz, MI.; Theofilopoulos, AN.; Stanford, RE. (1978). "Circulating immune complexes in the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias". N Engl J Med. 298 (7): 353–7. doi:10.1056/NEJM197802162980701. PMID 146160. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ GOTTLIEB, AJ.; SPIERA, H.; TEIRSTEIN, AS.; SILTZBACH, LE. (1965). "SEROLOGIC FACTORS IN IDIOPATHIC DIFFUSE INTERSTITIAL PULMONARY FIBROSIS". Am J Med. 39: 405–10. PMID 14338291. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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