Ebola future or investigational therapies: Difference between revisions
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==2014 Updates== | ==2014 Updates== | ||
* According to pharmaceutical company ''GlaxoSmithKline'', the company will start a [[clinical trial]] for an experimental [[vaccine]] against the [[Ebola virus]], later this year. The [[vaccine]] has been developed with cooperation of American scientists from the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). The vaccine has shown promissing results in animals, including primates. Currently the vaccine is pending approval from the [[FDA]] to enter Phase I testing.<ref name=Reuters>{{cite web | title = Vaccination | url = http://in.reuters.com/article/2014/08/10/us-health-ebola-vaccine-idINKBN0GA0MP20140810?feedType=RSS&feedName=health&utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter&dlvrit=309303 }}</ref> | * According to pharmaceutical company ''GlaxoSmithKline'', the company will start a [[clinical trial]] for an experimental [[vaccine]] against the [[Ebola virus]], later this year. The [[vaccine]] has been developed with cooperation of American scientists from the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). The vaccine has shown promissing results in animals, including primates. Currently the vaccine is pending approval from the [[FDA]] to enter Phase I testing.<ref name=Reuters>{{cite web | title = Vaccination | url = http://in.reuters.com/article/2014/08/10/us-health-ebola-vaccine-idINKBN0GA0MP20140810?feedType=RSS&feedName=health&utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter&dlvrit=309303 }}</ref> | ||
* According to the pharmaceutical company ''Tekmira Pharmaceuticals Corp.'' a potential drug for the treatment of Ebola virus was altered, in order to allow its possible distribution to infected patients. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 05:16, 11 August 2014
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Michael Maddaleni, B.S.; João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2] Jolanta Marszalek, M.D. [3]
Overview
Although there is no effective human vaccine against Ebola currently available, there are promising results for antisense prevention therapies targeting the Ebola virus in monkey studies. Administration of an inhibitor of coagulation (rNAPc2) has demonstrated some benefit in monkey studies. There are non-conclusive results in human survivors from post-exposure vaccination, passive immunization with blood or serum or with recombinant human monoclonal antibodies.
Investigational Therapies
- Antisense therapy has shown promise when it comes to treating accidental infections with the ebola virus, which would be a very important feat, especially for people working with ebola in laboratories[1]. The research took place under the supervision of the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases and used a specific group of compounds called antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs)[1]. They developed a therapy, which was referred to as AVI-6002, that was able to demonstrate a survival rate of approximately 90% in pre and post-exposure animals[1]. Using this new treatment, 5 out of 8 monkeys were able to survive exposure to the ebola virus, which are very promising results.
- Convalescent plasma shows promise as a treatment for the disease.
- Ribavirin and interferon are ineffective.
- In monkeys, administration of an inhibitor of coagulation (rNAPc2) has shown some benefit, protecting 33% of infected animals from a usually 100% (for monkeys) lethal infection[2] (unfortunately this inoculation does not work on humans). In early 2006, scientists at USAMRIID announced a 75% recovery rate after infecting four rhesus monkeys with Ebola virus and administering antisense drugs[3].
- Postexposure vaccination with different viruses (vesicular stomatitis virus)[4][5] and passive immunization with blood or serum[6], or recombinant human monoclonal antibodies[7] from human survivors have been tested with non-conclusive results.
2014 Updates
- According to pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline, the company will start a clinical trial for an experimental vaccine against the Ebola virus, later this year. The vaccine has been developed with cooperation of American scientists from the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). The vaccine has shown promissing results in animals, including primates. Currently the vaccine is pending approval from the FDA to enter Phase I testing.[8]
- According to the pharmaceutical company Tekmira Pharmaceuticals Corp. a potential drug for the treatment of Ebola virus was altered, in order to allow its possible distribution to infected patients.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Novel 'antisense' therapies protect primates from lethal Ebola and Marburg viruses". Retrieved 2012-04-20.
- ↑ Geisbert TW, Hensley LE, Jahrling PB, Larsen T, Geisbert JB, Paragas J; et al. (2003). "Treatment of Ebola virus infection with a recombinant inhibitor of factor VIIa/tissue factor: a study in rhesus monkeys". Lancet. 362 (9400): 1953–8. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15012-X. PMID 14683653.
- ↑ Geisbert TW, Hensley LE, Kagan E, Yu EZ, Geisbert JB, Daddario-DiCaprio K; et al. (2006). "Postexposure protection of guinea pigs against a lethal ebola virus challenge is conferred by RNA interference". J Infect Dis. 193 (12): 1650–7. doi:10.1086/504267. PMID 16703508.
- ↑ Garbutt M, Liebscher R, Wahl-Jensen V, Jones S, Möller P, Wagner R; et al. (2004). "Properties of replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus vectors expressing glycoproteins of filoviruses and arenaviruses". J Virol. 78 (10): 5458–65. PMC 400370. PMID 15113924.
- ↑ Feldmann H, Jones SM, Daddario-DiCaprio KM, Geisbert JB, Ströher U, Grolla A; et al. (2007). "Effective post-exposure treatment of Ebola infection". PLoS Pathog. 3 (1): e2. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0030002. PMC 1779298. PMID 17238284.
- ↑ Mupapa K, Massamba M, Kibadi K, Kuvula K, Bwaka A, Kipasa M; et al. (1999). "Treatment of Ebola hemorrhagic fever with blood transfusions from convalescent patients. International Scientific and Technical Committee". J Infect Dis. 179 Suppl 1: S18–23. doi:10.1086/514298. PMID 9988160.
- ↑ Maruyama T, Rodriguez LL, Jahrling PB, Sanchez A, Khan AS, Nichol ST; et al. (1999). "Ebola virus can be effectively neutralized by antibody produced in natural human infection". J Virol. 73 (7): 6024–30. PMC 112663. PMID 10364354.
- ↑ "Vaccination".