Polio history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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* [[Abdominal pain]]
* [[Abdominal pain]]
* Limb pain
* Limb pain
* [[Sensory abnormalities]]
* [[Vomiting]]
* [[Vomiting]]
* [[Lethargy]]
* [[Lethargy]]
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===Paralytic Poliomyelitis===
===Paralytic Poliomyelitis===
Common symptoms of paralytic poliomyelitis may include those of non-paralytic poliomyelitis. Additional symptoms include:<ref name= Encephalitis>{{cite book |author=Wood, Lawrence D. H.; Hall, Jesse B.; Schmidt, Gregory D. |title=Principles of Critical Care, Third Edition |publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional |location= |year=2005 |pages=870 |isbn=0-07-141640-4 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Falconer M, Bollenbach E |title=Late functional loss in nonparalytic polio |journal=American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation / Association of Academic Physiatrists |volume=79 |issue=1 |pages=19–23 |year=2000 |pmid=10678598}}</ref><ref name="pmid8442872">{{cite journal| author=Alcalá H| title=[The differential diagnosis of poliomyelitis and other acute flaccid paralyses]. | journal=Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex | year= 1993 | volume= 50 | issue= 2 | pages= 136-44 | pmid=8442872 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8442872  }} </ref>
Common symptoms of paralytic poliomyelitis may include those of non-paralytic poliomyelitis. Additional symptoms may include:<ref name= Encephalitis>{{cite book |author=Wood, Lawrence D. H.; Hall, Jesse B.; Schmidt, Gregory D. |title=Principles of Critical Care, Third Edition |publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional |location= |year=2005 |pages=870 |isbn=0-07-141640-4 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Falconer M, Bollenbach E |title=Late functional loss in nonparalytic polio |journal=American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation / Association of Academic Physiatrists |volume=79 |issue=1 |pages=19–23 |year=2000 |pmid=10678598}}</ref><ref name="pmid8442872">{{cite journal| author=Alcalá H| title=[The differential diagnosis of poliomyelitis and other acute flaccid paralyses]. | journal=Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex | year= 1993 | volume= 50 | issue= 2 | pages= 136-44 | pmid=8442872 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8442872  }} </ref>
 
* [[Muscle weakness]]
* [[Muscle weakness]]
* Asymmetrical [[paralysis]]
* Asymmetrical [[paralysis]]
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The incubation period for poliomyelitis is commonly 6 to 20 days with a range of 3 to 35 days.
The response to poliovirus infection is highly variable and has been categorized on the basis of the severity of clinical presentation.
Up to 95% of all polio infections are inapparent or asymptomatic. Estimates of the ratio of inapparent to paralytic illness vary from 50:1 to 1,000:1 (usually 200:1).
Infected persons without symptoms shed virus in the stool and are able to transmit the virus to others.
Approximately 4%–8% of polio infections consist of a
minor, nonspecific illness without clinical or laboratory
evidence of central nervous system invasion. This clinical
presentation is known as abortive poliomyelitis, and is
characterized by complete recovery in less than a week.
Three syndromes observed with this form of poliovirus
infection are [[upper respiratory tract infection]] (sore throat
and [[fever]]), gastrointestinal disturbances ([[nausea]], [[vomiting]],
abdominal pain, [[constipation]] or, rarely, [[diarrhea]]), and
[[influenza]]-like illness. These syndromes are indistinguishable
from other viral illnesses.
Nonparalytic aseptic [[meningitis]] (symptoms of stiffness of
the neck, back, and/or legs), usually following several days
after a prodrome similar to that of minor illness, occurs in
1%–2% of polio infections. Increased or abnormal sensations
can also occur. Typically these symptoms will last from 2 to
10 days, followed by complete recovery.


Fewer than 1% of all polio infections result in flaccid
paralysis. Paralytic symptoms generally begin 1 to 10 days
after prodromal symptoms and progress for 2 to 3 days.
Generally, no further paralysis occurs after the temperature
returns to normal. The prodrome may be biphasic, especially
in children, with initial minor symptoms separated by a
in children, with initial minor symptoms separated by a
1- to 7-day period from more major symptoms. Additional
1- to 7-day period from more major symptoms. Additional

Revision as of 18:42, 2 September 2014

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]

Overview

Clinical manifestations of poliovirus infection range from asymptomatic (most infections) to symptomatic, including acute flaccid paralysis of a single limb to quadriplegia, respiratory failure, and rarely, death.

History and Symptoms

Most patients with an healthy immune system do not develop symptom of poliomyelitis.

Abortive Poliomyelitis

Commons symptoms of abortive poliomyelitis may mimic those of gastroenteritis and acute respiratory infection, including:[1]

Non-Paralytic Poliomyelitis

Common symptoms of non-paralytic poliomyelitis may include:[2]

Paralytic Poliomyelitis

Common symptoms of paralytic poliomyelitis may include those of non-paralytic poliomyelitis. Additional symptoms may include:[3][4][5]


References

  1. ↑ Falconer M, Bollenbach E (2000). "Late functional loss in nonparalytic polio". American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation / Association of Academic Physiatrists. 79 (1): 19–23. PMID 10678598.
  2. ↑ Falconer M, Bollenbach E (2000). "Late functional loss in nonparalytic polio". American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation / Association of Academic Physiatrists. 79 (1): 19–23. PMID 10678598.
  3. ↑ Wood, Lawrence D. H.; Hall, Jesse B.; Schmidt, Gregory D. (2005). Principles of Critical Care, Third Edition. McGraw-Hill Professional. p. 870. ISBN 0-07-141640-4.
  4. ↑ Falconer M, Bollenbach E (2000). "Late functional loss in nonparalytic polio". American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation / Association of Academic Physiatrists. 79 (1): 19–23. PMID 10678598.
  5. ↑ Alcalá H (1993). "[The differential diagnosis of poliomyelitis and other acute flaccid paralyses]". Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 50 (2): 136–44. PMID 8442872.

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