Hypocalcemia history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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{{Hypocalcemia}} | {{Hypocalcemia}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} | ||
==Overview== | |||
Clinical presentation of hypocalcemia reflects the serum level of ionized calcium and depends on the severity of any concurrent [[electrolyte imbalance]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Taal | first = Maarten | title = Brenner & Rector's the kidney | publisher = Elsevier/Saunders | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2012 | isbn = 978-1416061939 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Johnson | first = Richard | title = Comprehensive clinical nephrology | publisher = Elsevier/Saunders | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2015 | isbn = 978-1455758388 }}</ref> | |||
Common manifestations include [[fatigue]], [[muscle weakness]], [[paresthesia]], [[spasm]], [[irritability]], and neuropsychiatric disturbances. | |||
==History and Symptoms== | ==History and Symptoms== | ||
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====Neuromuscular Irritability==== | ====Neuromuscular Irritability==== | ||
* Carpopedal | * [[spasm|Carpopedal spasm]] | ||
* Circumoral or extremity [[tingling]] | |||
* Circumoral | * [[Fatigue]] | ||
* Fatigue | * [[Laryngeal]] or [[bronchial]] [[spasm]] | ||
* Laryngeal | * [[Muscle]] [[twitching]] and [[cramping]] | ||
* Muscle twitching and cramping | * [[Muscle weakness]] | ||
* Muscle weakness | * [[Paresthesia]] or [[numbness]] | ||
* Paresthesia or numbness | * [[Tetany]] | ||
* Tetany | |||
====Central Nervous System Features==== | ====Central Nervous System Features==== | ||
* Altered mental status | * [[Altered mental status]] | ||
* Cerebral | * [[Cerebral]] [[calcification]] | ||
* Emotional | * Emotional disturbance (eg, [[irritability]], [[depression]], [[psychosis]]) | ||
* [[Pseudotumor cerebri]] | * [[Pseudotumor cerebri]] | ||
* | * [[Seizure]] | ||
====Cardiovascular Features==== | ====Cardiovascular Features==== | ||
* Congestive heart failure | * [[Arrhythmia]] | ||
* | * [[Congestive heart failure]] | ||
* [[Hypotension]] | |||
* | * [[QT prolongation|QTc prolongation]] | ||
====Dermatologic Features==== | ====Dermatologic Features==== | ||
| Line 39: | Line 41: | ||
====Ocular Features==== | ====Ocular Features==== | ||
* Cataracts | * [[Cataracts]] | ||
* [[Papilledema]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 13:06, 26 March 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Clinical presentation of hypocalcemia reflects the serum level of ionized calcium and depends on the severity of any concurrent electrolyte imbalance.[1][2]
Common manifestations include fatigue, muscle weakness, paresthesia, spasm, irritability, and neuropsychiatric disturbances.
History and Symptoms
Symptoms
Neuromuscular Irritability
- Carpopedal spasm
- Circumoral or extremity tingling
- Fatigue
- Laryngeal or bronchial spasm
- Muscle twitching and cramping
- Muscle weakness
- Paresthesia or numbness
- Tetany
Central Nervous System Features
- Altered mental status
- Cerebral calcification
- Emotional disturbance (eg, irritability, depression, psychosis)
- Pseudotumor cerebri
- Seizure
Cardiovascular Features
Dermatologic Features
- Brittle nails
- Coarse hair
- Dry skin
Ocular Features
References
- ↑ Taal, Maarten (2012). Brenner & Rector's the kidney. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 978-1416061939.
- ↑ Johnson, Richard (2015). Comprehensive clinical nephrology. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 978-1455758388.